Infantile hemangioma precursor lesions on day of life 1: A Mayo Clinic retrospective case series.

BACKGROUND: Infantile hemangiomas (IHs), the most prevalent vascular tumors in infancy, are generally understood to be absent at birth, appearing in the initial weeks of life during their proliferative stage. While the classic presentation is recognizable, the precursor lesion of IHs may be misinterpreted as other entities, including vascular malformations. METHODS: A retrospective, single-center study was conducted, examining neonates with photographed IH precursor lesions on day of life (DOL) 1 and matured classical IHs. The study spanned from 2017 to 2023. RESULTS: The case series is comprised of nine neonates all exhibiting precursor lesions on DOL 1. A comparative display of photographs featuring precursor lesions and classic IH is presented. Further tabulated information for each case includes IH locations, subsequent treatment modalities, and further diagnostic workup if necessary. CONCLUSIONS: Improving recognition of precursor lesions increases diagnostic accuracy, decreasing unnecessary workup. This, in turn, allows dermatologists to confidently employ close follow-up management strategies. Additionally, in cases of extensive involvement, recognition of the precursor lesion allows for expedited investigation for syndromes such as PHACE (posterior fossa malformations, hemangioma, arterial anomalies, coarctation of the aorta/cardiac defects, and eye abnormalities) and LUMBAR (lower body IH, urogential anomalies, ulceration, myelopathy, bony deformities, anorectal malformations, arterial anomalies, and renal anomalies).

Platelet-rich plasma for the treatment of lichen sclerosus.

AIM: Evaluate the clinical effectiveness of platelet-rich plasma as a treatment for lichen sclerosus. METHODS: A systematic review was performed. The electronic databases PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE®, Web of Science, Cochrane, clinicaltrials.gov were used to identify case studies, case series, prospective uncontrolled, and randomized controlled studies published between 1946 and April 21, 2021. Six prospective uncontrolled studies, one randomized double-blind prospective study, and one case report were included. RESULTS: Platelet-rich plasma treatment was subjectively reported to improve quality of life, but objective measures demonstrating treatment efficacy were not observed. In addition, platelet-rich plasma preparation and administration between studies lacked standardization. CONCLUSION: Platelet-rich plasma may be used for symptomatic adjuvant treatment of lichen sclerosus, though additional double-blind controlled studies with standardized platelet-rich plasma protocols are needed to better characterize the efficacy of platelet-rich plasma.