Polymeric Molecular Envelope Technology for Improved Therapeutics Efficacy: A Review.

The review explores the enhancement of therapeutic efficacy through the innovative use of polymeric molecular envelope technology (MET). It delves into the diverse methods employed to achieve superior therapeutic outcomes, shedding light on strategies for improving drug delivery and bioavailability. MET is a promising approach to improve the solubility and bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs. This technology involves the use of a molecular envelope of cyclic oligosaccharides called cyclodextrins, which is a supramolecular assembly of amphiphilic molecules that encapsulate and solubilize hydrophobic drug molecules. This can further improve the solubility of the drug by increasing its surface area and reducing its crystallinity. Moreover, MET also protects the drug from degradation and enhances its permeability across biological membranes. Furthermore, the review thoroughly examines the MET, including its methods of preparation, applications in drug encapsulation, and the evaluation of its potential to optimize therapeutic outcomes. By adopting current research and key findings, this review provides valuable insights into the transformative potential of polymeric molecular envelope technology for advancing the field of therapeutics.

Potential Applications and Additive Manufacturing Technology-Based Considerations of Mesoporous Silica: A Review.

Nanoporous materials are categorized as microporous (pore sizes 0.2-2 nm), mesoporous (pore sizes 2-50 nm), and macroporous (pore sizes 50-1000 nm). Mesoporous silica (MS) has gained a significant interest due to its notable characteristics, including organized pore networks, specific surface areas, and the ability to be integrated in a variety of morphologies. Recently, MS has been widely accepted by range of manufacturer and as drug carrier. Moreover, silica nanoparticles containing mesopores, also known as mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs), have attracted widespread attention in additive manufacturing (AM). AM commonly known as three-dimensional printing is the formalized rapid prototyping (RP) technology. AM techniques, in comparison to conventional methods, aid in reducing the necessity for tooling and allow versatility in product and design customization. There are generally several types of AM processes reported including VAT polymerization (VP), powder bed fusion (PBF), sheet lamination (SL), material extrusion (ME), binder jetting (BJ), direct energy deposition (DED), and material jetting (MJ). Furthermore, AM techniques are utilized in fabrication of various classified fields such as architectural modeling, fuel cell manufacturing, lightweight machines, medical, and fabrication of drug delivery systems. The review concisely elaborates on applications of mesoporous silica as versatile material in fabrication of various AM-based pharmaceutical products with an elaboration on various AM techniques to reduce the knowledge gap.

Biomaterials-based additive manufacturing for customized bioengineering in management of otolaryngology: a comprehensive review.

Three-dimensional (3D)/four-dimensional (4D) printing, also known as additive manufacturing or fast prototyping, is a manufacturing technique that uses a digital model to generate a 3D/4D solid product. The usage of biomaterials with 3D/4D printers in the pharma and healthcare industries is gaining significant popularity. 3D printing has mostly been employed in the domain of otolaryngology to build portable anatomical models, personalized patient-centric implants, biologic tissue scaffolds, surgical planning in individuals with challenging conditions, and surgical training. Although identical to 3D printing technology in this application, 4D printing technology comprises a fourth dimension of time. With the use of 4D printing, a printed structure may alter over time under various stimuli. Smart polymeric materials are also generally denoted as bioinks are frequently employed in tissue engineering applications of 3D/4D printing. In general, 4D printing could significantly improve the safety and efficacy of otolaryngology therapies. The use of bioprinting in otolaryngology has an opportunity to transform the treatment of diseases influencing the ear, nose, and throat as well as the field of tissue regeneration. The present review briefs on polymeric material including biomaterials and cells used in the manufacturing of patient centric 3D/4D bio-printed products utilized in management of otolaryngology.