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OBJECTIVE: Activities of ABO blood group glycosyltransferases in the plasma of blood donors with different blood groups were detected to discover their normal ranges. In addition, the influence of different plasma storage temperatures and time on the enzyme activity was studied, so as to establish a stable ABO blood group glycosyltransferase activity detection technology system for the auxiliary identification of ABO blood groups. METHODS: Detect the activities of glycosyltransferase A (GTA) in plasma of type A, AB and O blood donors, and glycosyltransferase B (GTB) in plasma of type B, AB and O blood donors, respectively, to determine the activity range of GTA and GTB in the plasma of normal blood group under this detection technique. RESULTS: The activities of GTA and GTB in plasma of the same ABO blood groups were relatively consistent, while significant difference was found among different ABO blood groups. The activity of GTA was around 27.9±0.3 in plasma of A blood group and 28.3±0.5 in plasma of AB blood group. The activity of GTB in plasma of B blood group was about 24.4±0.5, and that in plasma of AB blood group was about 25.6±0.5. The activities of GTA and GTB in plasma of O blood group were negative. The storage temperature and time of plasma would affect the activities of GTA and GTB. There were no significant changes of the activities of GTA and GTB when the plasma was stored at 4 â for 7 days and -40â for 21 days. However, after 28 days of storage at -40 â, the activities of GTA and GTB were both decreased significantly. CONCLUSION: The preservation condition suitable for the detection of ABO glycosyltransferase activity in plasma samples contain short-term storage at 4 â for one week, and cryopreserved at -40 â for no more than three weeks.
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Sistema del Grupo Sanguíneo ABO , Glicosiltransferasas , HumanosRESUMEN
To investigate the association between apolipo-protein E (APOE) polymorphisms and insulin resistance and Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) syndromes in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with macroangiopathy, 60 patients with T2DM macroangiopathy were enrolled and divided into three groups: dryness-heat due to deficiency of yin, Qi-Yin deficiency, and Yin-Yang deficiency, according to the TCM syndromes, with a control group of 20 healthy individuals. APOE genotype analysis was performed with polymerase chain reaction amplification and restriction fragment length polymorphism, and the results showed that the proportion of the ε4/4 and ε3/4 genotypes and frequencies of the ε4 and ε3 alleles were higher in the Qi-Yin deficiency group (P<0.05). Among the T2DM macroangiopathy patients, the E4 group had the largest number of cases, as well as a significantly longer disease course compared to the E2 group (P<0.05). The insulin resistance index (IRI), insulin action index and body mass index (BMI) of patients in the Yin-Yang deficiency group were significantly different from those of patients with dryness-heat due to deficiency of yin and Qi-Yin deficiency. Furthermore, correlation analysis of the BMI and IRI of patients in the Yin-Yang deficiency group revealed a correlation coefficient r=0.696 (P<0.01) and a typical correlation between them. In conclusion, the Qi-Yin deficiency in T2DM patients with macroangiopathy is associated with the APOE E4 and E3 genotypes. Thus, the APOE gene polymorphism can, to some degree, reflect the TCM syndrome types of T2DM patients with macroangiopathy. Insulin resistance plays an important role in the occurrence of T2DM macroangiopathy and is closely associated with the Yin-Yang deficiency according to the TCM differentiating types.
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Apolipoproteínas E/genética , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/genética , Angiopatías Diabéticas/genética , Resistencia a la Insulina , Polimorfismo Genético , Anciano , Índice de Masa Corporal , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/complicaciones , Angiopatías Diabéticas/complicaciones , Femenino , Frecuencia de los Genes , Genotipo , Humanos , Masculino , Medicina Tradicional China , Persona de Mediana Edad , Isoformas de Proteínas/genética , Síndrome , Deficiencia Yang/clasificación , Deficiencia Yang/complicaciones , Deficiencia Yang/genética , Deficiencia Yin/clasificación , Deficiencia Yin/complicaciones , Deficiencia Yin/genéticaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the gene mutation in the areas of pre core/core (Pre C/C) and basic core promotor (BCP) of HBV DNA and its clinical significance. METHODS: The nt 1 735-1 965 segment of HBV DNA was amplified with PCR in 54 cases with chronic hepatitis B and 10 cases with post-hepatitis cirrhosis. Then the PCR product was sequenced. RESULTS: There were 168 site mutations in 48.5% (33/68) cases with hepatitis B. The first ten mutation sites were nt 1 764 (58.8%), 1 762 (48.5%), 1 799 (21.0%), 1 766 (14.7%), 1 896 (13.2%), 1 754 (8.8%), 1 899 (8.8%), 1 768 (7.4%), 1 814 (7.4%) and 1 913 (7.4%). Three rare mutations of nt 1907, 1 922 and 1 923 were also detected. The mutations of nt 1 896, 1 764 and 1 762 were found in 16.7%, 35.2% and 35.2% of chronic hepatitis, and in 30.0%, 60.0% and 60.0% respectively of post-hepatitis cirrhosis cases. There was statistical significance between the two groups (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: The mutations in the areas of Pre C/C and BCP of HBV DNA might possibly be associated with liver fibrosis. There are many mutation sites in HBV DNA and mutation occurs frequently, therefore gene sequencing is helpful to the design of gene chip and to clinical application.