Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of AIDS-Related Burkitt Lymphoma in China: A Retrospective Single-Center Study.

Objectives: Studies on the prognosis and risk stratification of patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) - related Burkitt lymphoma (AR-BL) are rare. We aim to construct a novel model to improve the risk assessment of these patients. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 34 patients over the past 10 years and the factors associated with progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were evaluated in univariate and multivariate Cox models. Then, the novel model consisting of screened factors was compared with the existing models. Results: With a 37-month median follow-up, the overall 2-year PFS and OS rates were 40.50% and 36.18%, respectively. The OS of patients who received chemotherapy was better compared with those without chemotherapy (P = .0012). Treatment with an etoposide, prednisone, oncovin, cyclophosphamide, and hydroxydaunorubicin-based regimen was associated with longer OS and PFS compared with a cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone-based regimen (OS, P = .0002; PFS, P = .0158). Chemotherapy (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.075; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.009-0.614) and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status (ECOG PS) 2 to 4 (HR = 4.738; 95% CI, 1.178-19.061) were independent prognostic factors of OS in multivariate analysis and we established a novel prognostic risk stratification model named GZ8H model with chemotherapy and ECOG PS. Conclusion: GZ8H showed better stratification ability than the international prognostic index (IPI) or Burkitt lymphoma IPI (BL-IPI). Furthermore, the C-index of the nomogram used to predict OS was 0.884 in the entire cohort and the calibration curve showed excellent agreement between the predicted and actual results of OS. No human immunodeficiency virus-related factors were found to be associated with OS and PFS of AR-BL patients in our study. Overall, the clinical characteristics and outcomes in AR-BL were shown and prognostic factors for OS and PFS were identified in this study.

A Subset of CXCR5+CD8+ T Cells in the Germinal Centers From Human Tonsils and Lymph Nodes Help B Cells Produce Immunoglobulins.

Recent studies indicated that CXCR5+CD8+ T cells in lymph nodes could eradicate virus-infected target cells. However, in the current study we found that a subset of CXCR5+CD8+ T cells in the germinal centers from human tonsils or lymph nodes are predominately memory cells that express CD45RO and CD27. The involvement of CXCR5+CD8+ T cells in humoral immune responses is suggested by their localization in B cell follicles and by the concomitant expression of costimulatory molecules, including CD40L and ICOS after activation. In addition, CXCR5+CD8+ memory T cells produced significantly higher levels of IL-21, IFN-γ, and IL-4 at mRNA and protein levels compared to CXCR5-CD8+ memory T cells, but IL-21-expressing CXCR5+CD8+ T cells did not express Granzyme B and perforin. When cocultured with sorted B cells, sorted CXCR5+CD8+ T cells promoted the production of antibodies compared to sorted CXCR5-CD8+ T cells. However, fixed CD8+ T cells failed to help B cells and the neutralyzing antibodies against IL-21 or CD40L inhibited the promoting effects of sorted CXCR5+CD8+ T cells on B cells for the production of antibodies. Finally, we found that in the germinal centers of lymph nodes from HIV-infected patients contained more CXCR5+CD8+ T cells compared to normal lymph nodes. Due to their versatile functional capacities, CXCR5+CD8+ T cells are promising candidate cells for immune therapies, particularly when CD4+ T cell help are limited.

Synovial sarcoma in cerebellum: a case report and literature review.

Synovial sarcoma is a tumor of unknown origin and is extremely rare in the central nervous system. We present a case involving an unusual cerebellar synovial sarcoma in a male infant. Neuroimaging revealed a large, solid, gadolinium-enhancing mass located in the parenchyma of the right cerebellar hemisphere and associated with multiple cyst formation. Histologically, the tumor was composed of uniform spindle cells with indistinct borders and numerous mitotic figures. The tumor cells were observed to form dense cellular sheets, but in some areas the tumor showed a hemangiopericytomatous vascular pattern consisting of tumor cells arranged around dilated, thin-walled blood vessels. Immunohistochemistry showed that vimentin, CD99 and Bcl-2 were diffusely positive in most cells, and focal reactivity for cytokeratin (AE1/AE3) and S-100 protein was also observed. The tumor cells were, however, negative for CK19, EMA, CD34, synaptophysin, GFAP, desmin, myogenin, and smooth muscle actin. Cytogenetic analysis using fluorescence in situ hybridization demonstrated the translocation t(X;18)(p11;q11). A diagnosis of primary cerebellar monophasic synovial sarcoma was made. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a synovial sarcoma in brain parenchyma. The present case indicates that it is essential to select the appropriate immunohistochemical panel and-especially-perform molecular analysis to accurately diagnose intracranial spindle cell tumors.

[Effect of platelet-rich plasma on the proliferation and adipogenic differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells in vitro].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on the proliferation and adipogenic differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells in vitro. METHODS: Human adipose-derived stem cells were obtained by enzymatic digestion and PRP was prepared by dual centrifugal method. The ADSCS were interfused with 5%, 10%, and 20% PRP in conditioned culture media, using the untreated cells as the control group. The morphology of the cells were observed and their proliferative ability was detected using XTT colorimetric assay. The adipogenic differentiation ability of the cells was evaluated using oil Red O staining. RESULTS: The ADSCS treated with PRP showed better morphology with higher density than the control cells. XTT colorimetric assay demonstrated obviously stronger proliferative activity of PRP-treated cells than the control group (P<0.01). Interfusion with PRP caused a significant increase in adipogenic differentiation of the cells as compared to the control cells (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: PRP treatment produces obvious effects on the proliferation and adipogenic differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells in vitro.