Construction and application of nasopharyngeal carcinoma-specific big data platform based on electronic health records.

OBJECTIVE: To establish a nasopharyngeal carcinoma-specific big data platform based on electronic health records (EHRs) to provide data support for real-world study of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. METHODS: A multidisciplinary expert team was established for this project. Based on industry standards and practical feasibility, the team designed the nasopharyngeal carcinoma data element standards including 14 modules and 640 fields. Data from patients diagnosed with nasopharyngeal carcinoma who visited Southern Hospital after 1999 were extracted from 15 EHRs systems and were cleaned, structured, and standardized using information technologies such as machine learning and natural language processing. In addition, a series of measures such as quality control and data encryption were taken to ensure data quality and patient privacy. At the platform application level, 10 functional modules were designed according to the needs of nasopharyngeal carcinoma research. RESULTS: As of 1 October 2022, the Big Data platform has included 11,617patients, of whom 8228 (70.83 %) were male and 3389 (29.17 %) were female, with a median age of 48 years (interquartile range, 40 years). The data in the platform were validated to have a high level of completeness and accuracy, especially for key variables such as social demographics, laboratory tests and vital signs. Currently, six projects involving risk factors, early diagnosis, treatment efficacy and prevention of treatment-related toxic reactions have been conducted on the platform. CONCLUSIONS: We have established a high-quality NPC-specific big data platform by integrating heterogeneous data from multiple sources in the EHR. The platform provides an effective tool and strong data support for real-world studies of nasopharyngeal carcinoma, which helps to improve research efficiency, reduce costs, and improve the quality of research results. We expect to promote multicenter nasopharyngeal carcinoma data sharing in the future to facilitate the generation of high-quality real-world evidence in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. This article may provide some reference value for other comprehensive hospitals to establish a big data platform for nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

[Experimental study of APB-DOCK8 transgenic tomato vaccine for caries prevention].

PURPOSE: To observe the anti-caries effect of transgenic tomato anti-caries vaccine after immunization with SD rats by gavage and to explore its immunity mechanism initially. METHODS: SD rats were used to establish an experimental caries model. The transgenic anti-caries tomatoes expressing the target protein were cultivated and identified. The SIgA and IgG contents of specific anti-PAcA in saliva and blood samples of SD rats were detected by ELISA. Then, the SD rats were sacrificed, the maxillary and mandibular bones were taken for Keyes dental caries score, and spleens were taken for the analysis of RNA-seq. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS 18.0 software package. RESULTS: The target protein concentration in the transgenic tomato anti-caries vaccine was 36.28 µg/mL. After vaccine immunization of SD rats, group D (8 mL/kg) produced the highest levels of specific SIgA and IgG antibodies at week 6 and was significantly different from the other groups(P＜0.05), and caries counting score was also significantly different than the other groups (P＜0.05). The spleen mRNA of SD rats in group D was extracted and sequenced by RNA-seq, and 40 genes with significant differences in mRNA expression were obtained(P-adjust＜0.05, |Fold Change|≥1.5). 26 genes were significantly upregulated, including IGFBP6 and COL15A1. The upregulated gene GO enrichment was enriched to humoral immune response, B-cell activation, and immunoglobulin receptor binding; KEGG enrichment was enriched to 56 signaling pathways, including PI3K-AKT and NF-κB, and F＜0.001. Fourteen genes were significantly downregulated, but the analysis of downregulated gene GO and KEGG enrichment was not statistically significant(F＞0.1). CONCLUSIONS: Transgenic tomato anti-caries vaccine may reduce caries occurrence by upregulating the activation of PI3K-AKT signaling pathway mediated by IGFBP6 in SD rats.

Recombinant human insulin-like growth factor-1 promotes osteoclast formation and accelerates orthodontic tooth movement in rats.

BACKGROUND: IGF-1 may be an important factor in bone remodeling, but its mechanism of action on osteoclasts during orthodontic tooth movement is complex and unclear. METHODOLOGY: The closed-coil spring was placed between the left maxillary first molar and upper incisors with a force of 50 g to establish an orthodontic movement model. Eighty SD rats were randomized to receive phosphate buffer saline or 400 ng rhIGF-1 in the lateral buccal mucosa of the left maxillary first molar every two days. Tissue sections were stained for tartrate-resistant acidic phosphatase (TRAP), the number of TRAP-positive cells was estimated and tooth movement measured. RESULTS: The rhIGF-1 group exhibited evidential bone resorption and lacuna appeared on the alveolar bone compared to the control group. Moreover, the number of osteoclasts in compression side of the periodontal ligament in the rhIGF-1 group peaked at day 4 (11.37±0.95 compared to 5.28±0.47 in the control group) after the orthodontic force was applied and was significantly higher than that of the control group (p<0.01). Furthermore, the distance of tooth movement in the rhIGF-1 group was significantly larger than that of the control group from day 4 to day 14 (p<0.01), suggesting that rhIGF-1 accelerated orthodontic tooth movement. CONCLUSION: Our study has showed that rhIGF-1 could stimulate the formation of osteoclasts in the periodontal ligament, and accelerate bone remodeling and orthodontic tooth movement.

Recombinant human insulin-like growth factor-1 promotes osteoclast formation and accelerates orthodontic tooth movement in rats

Abstract Background: IGF-1 may be an important factor in bone remodeling, but its mechanism of action on osteoclasts during orthodontic tooth movement is complex and unclear. Methodology: The closed-coil spring was placed between the left maxillary first molar and upper incisors with a force of 50 g to establish an orthodontic movement model. Eighty SD rats were randomized to receive phosphate buffer saline or 400 ng rhIGF-1 in the lateral buccal mucosa of the left maxillary first molar every two days. Tissue sections were stained for tartrate-resistant acidic phosphatase (TRAP), the number of TRAP-positive cells was estimated and tooth movement measured. Results: The rhIGF-1 group exhibited evidential bone resorption and lacuna appeared on the alveolar bone compared to the control group. Moreover, the number of osteoclasts in compression side of the periodontal ligament in the rhIGF-1 group peaked at day 4 (11.37±0.95 compared to 5.28±0.47 in the control group) after the orthodontic force was applied and was significantly higher than that of the control group (p<0.01). Furthermore, the distance of tooth movement in the rhIGF-1 group was significantly larger than that of the control group from day 4 to day 14 (p<0.01), suggesting that rhIGF-1 accelerated orthodontic tooth movement. Conclusion: Our study has showed that rhIGF-1 could stimulate the formation of osteoclasts in the periodontal ligament, and accelerate bone remodeling and orthodontic tooth movement.

Long non-coding RNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 6 aggravates pancreatic cancer through upregulation of far upstream element binding protein 1 by sponging microRNA-26a-5p.

BACKGROUND: Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a highly deadly malignancy with few effective therapies. We aimed to unmask the role that long non-coding RNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 6 (SNHG6) plays in PC cells by targeting far upstream element binding protein 1 (FUBP1) via microRNA-26a-5p (miR-26a-5p). METHODS: SNHG6 expression was predicted by bioinformatics, followed by verification via reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Then, the interactions among SNHG6, miR-26a-5p, and FUBP1 were detected through online software analysis, dual luciferase reporter assay and RNA pull-down. After that, cells were treated with different small interfering RNAs and/or mimic to determine the interactions among SNHG6, miR-26a-5p, and FUBP1 and their roles in PC cells. Finally, the role of SNHG6 in tumor growth in vivo was evaluated by measuring the growth and weight of transplanted tumors in nude mice. A t-test, one-way and two-way analysis of variance were used for data analysis. RESULTS: Compared with that in normal tissues, SNHG6 was highly expressed in PC tissues (1.00 ±â€Š0.05 vs. 1.56 ±â€Š0.06, t = 16.03, P < 0.001). Compared with that in human pancreatic duct epithelial cells (HPDE6-C7), SNHG6 showed the highest expression in PANC-1 cells (1.00 ±â€Š0.06 vs. 3.87 ±â€Š0.13, t = 34.72, P < 0.001) and the lowest expression in human pancreatic cancer cells (MIAPaCa-2) (1.00 ±â€Š0.06 vs. 1.41 ±â€Š0.07, t = 7.70, P = 0.0015). Compared with the levels in the si-negative control group, SNHG6 (0.97 ±â€Š0.05 vs. 0.21 ±â€Š0.06, t = 16.85, P < 0.001), N-cadherin (0.74 ±â€Š0.05 vs. 0.41 ±â€Š0.04, t = 8.93, P < 0.001), Vimentin (0.55 ±â€Š0.04 vs. 0.25 ±â€Š0.03, t = 10.39, P < 0.001), and ß-catenin (0.62 ±â€Š0.05 vs. 0.32 ±â€Š0.03, t = 8.91, P < 0.001) were decreased, while E-cadherin (0.65 ±â€Š0.06 vs. 1.36 ±â€Š0.07, t = 13.34, P < 0.001) was increased after SNHG6 knockdown or miR-26a-5p overexpression, accompanied by inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. SNHG6 overexpression exerted the opposite effects. SNHG6 upregulated FUBP1 expression by sponging miR-26a-5p. Silencing SNHG6 blocked the growth of PC in vivo. CONCLUSION: Silencing SNHG6 might ameliorate PC through inhibition of FUBP1 by sponging miR-26a-5p, thus providing further supporting evidence for its use in PC treatment.

Synthesis and Self-Assembly of Conjugated Block Copolymers.

In the past two decades, conjugated polymers (CPs) have drawn great attention due to their excellent conductivity and charge mobility, rendering them broad applications in organic electronics. Controlling over the morphologies and nanostructures of CPs is very important to improve the performance of CP-based devices, which is still a tremendously difficult task. Conjugated block copolymers (cBCPs), composed of different CP blocks or CP coupled with coiled polymeric blocks, not only maintain the advantages of high conductivity and mobility but also demonstrate features of morphological versatility and tunability. Due to the strong π-π interaction and crystallinity of the conjugated backbones, the self-assembly behaviors of cBCPs are very complicated and largely remain to be explored. In this tutorial review, we first summarize the general synthetic methods for different types of cBCPs. Then, recent studies on the self-assembly behaviors of cBCPs are discussed, with an emphasis on the structural factors that affect the morphologies of cBCPs both in bulk and thin film states. Finally, we briefly provide our outlook on the future research of the self-assembly of cBCPs.

To Find a Better Dosimetric Parameter in the Predicting of Radiation-Induced Lung Toxicity Individually: Ventilation, Perfusion or CT based.

This study aimed to find a better dosimetric parameter in predicting of radiation-induced lung toxicity (RILT) in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) individually: ventilation(V), perfusion (Q) or computerized tomography (CT) based. V/Q single-photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT) was performed within 1 week prior to radiotherapy (RT). All V/Q imaging data was integrated into RT planning system, generating functional parameters based on V/Q SPECT. Fifty-seven NSCLC patients were enrolled in this prospective study. Fifteen (26.3%) patients underwent grade ≥2 RILT, the remaining forty-two (73.7%) patients didn't. Q-MLD, Q-V20, V-MLD, V-V20 of functional parameters correlated more significantly with the occurrence of RILT compared to V20, MLD of anatomical parameters (r = 0.630; r = 0.644; r = 0.617; r = 0.651 vs. r = 0.424; r = 0.520 p < 0.05, respectively). In patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD), V functional parameters reflected significant advantage in predicting RILT; while in patients without COPD, Q functional parameters reflected significant advantage. Analogous results were existed in fractimal analysis of global pulmonary function test (PFT). In patients with central-type NSCLC, V parameters were better than Q parameters; while in patients with peripheral-type NSCLC, the results were inverse. Therefore, this study demonstrated that choosing a suitable dosimetric parameter individually can help us predict RILT accurately.

Purification, characterization and immunomodulatory activity of a polysaccharide from Celosia cristata.

A polysaccharide CP1-1 was isolated and purified from Celosia cristata. Its average molecular weight was 2.3kDa and it was composed of glucose and galactose in a ratio of 1.00:2.03, and traces of mannose. Chemical characterization of CP1-1 was elucidated by methylation analysis. CP1-1 was a branched glucogalactan which was mainly composed of 1,6-linked Galp and 1,6-linked Glcp with a ratio of 5.6:3.8. The branches were at the O-3 of the main chain and might be composed of single terminal (1→)-linked glucopyranose and galactopyranose. CP1-1 also significantly promoted the proliferation and neutral red phagocytosis of RAW 264.7 macrophage cells in vitro. In addition, CP1-1 promoted cell proliferation by enhancing the production of nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-1ß. These results suggested that the polysaccharide from C. cristata could be used as a potential immunostimulator.

Surface engineering of cardiovascular stent with endothelial cell selectivity for in vivo re-endothelialisation.

The in vivo endothelialisation of materials provides a promising strategy for the rapid re-endothelialisation of a cardiovascular implantation. Although many studies have focused on improving the rapid endothelialisation through the immobilisation of bioactive molecules, it should be noted that the endothelial cells (ECs) will compete with other cell types in vivo. Thus, the efforts to partially enhance the EC growth without considering the cell competition might be misleading and meaningless in vivo. In this study, we demonstrated that the competitive growth of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) over human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMCs) could be increased through the synergic action of the nonspecific resistance to phosphorylcholine and the specific recognition of the REDV peptide. Further in vivo data indicate that the competitive ability of ECs over SMCs, instead of the number of ECs, is a significantly more important criterion for the development of a pure endothelial layer in vivo and thus the attainment of a better anti-restenosis effect. Consequently, the surface tailoring of a stent to obtain high endothelial cell selectivity is likely an effective design criterion for in situ endothelialisation and a possible future solution for the problem of in-stent restenosis.

Melatonin prevents oxidized low-density lipoprotein-induced increase of myosin light chain kinase activation and expression in HUVEC through ERK/MAPK signal transduction.

Melatonin, the main secretary product of the pineal gland, is potentially effective in the prevention of a number of diseases in which free radical processes are involved. The development of hypercholesterolemia is a multifactorial process in which elevated oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) levels play a central role. The purpose of this study was to test whether melatonin prevents ox-LDL-induced increase of myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) activation and expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) through extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signal transduction. HUVEC were cultured in vitro and treated with ox-LDL, melatonin, and PD98059 (a selective inhibitor of ERK), respectively. The expression, transcription, and activity of MLCK were measured by western blot, immunohistochemistry, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and gamma-(32)P-adenosine triphosphate (ATP) incorporation, respectively. The results showed that the expression and activity of MLCK were increased in ox-LDL-treated HUVECs and this was decreased by melatonin and PD98059. The expression and activity of MLCK induced by ox-LDL was associated with the phosphorylation of ERK. These results indicate for the first time that hypercholesterolemia may be associated with MLCK expression and the activity which can be reduced by melatonin through ERK/MAPK signal transduction.

[Microbial growth kinetics model of specific spoilage organisms and shelf life prediction for tilapia at fluctuating temperatures].

It was studied on the growth kinetics model of specific spoilage organisms Pseudomonas spp. for cultured tilapia during aerobic storage at fluctuating temperatures from 0degreesC to 15degreesC and the applicability of the model in predicting the remaining shelf life. The mathematical model based on the effect of temperature on Pseudomonas spp. growth kinetics was developed by a Belehradek type equation. Bias and accuracy factors range from 0.906 to 0.942 and from 1.13 to 1.19, respectively, by comparing predicted value using Pseudomonas spp. growth kinetics model with observed value of Pseudomonas spp. growth for cultured tilapia stored at fluctuating temperatures under two kinds of fluctuating temperature designed . Relative errors by comparing remaining shelf life predicted based on growth model of Pseudomonas spp. with remaining shelf life experimentally determined by analyzing organoleptic, VBN and the number of Pseudomonas spp. on tilapia are 5.9 % and - 9.1%, respectively. It shows that the growth kinetics model of Pseudomonas spp. is valuable for rapid and realistic remaining shelf life prediction of cultured tilapia stored aerobically at fluctuating temperatures from 0- 15 degrees C.