Sinusoidal Single-Pixel Imaging Based on Fourier Positive-Negative Intensity Correlation.

Single-pixel imaging techniques extend the time dimension to reconstruct a target scene in the spatial domain based on single-pixel detectors. Structured light illumination modulates the target scene by utilizing multi-pattern projection, and the reflected or transmitted light is measured by a single-pixel detector as total intensity. To reduce the imaging time and capture high-quality images with a single-pixel imaging technique, orthogonal patterns have been used instead of random patterns in recent years. The most representative among them are Hadamard patterns and Fourier sinusoidal patterns. Here, we present an alternative Fourier single-pixel imaging technique that can reconstruct high-quality images with an intensity correlation algorithm using acquired Fourier positive-negative images. We use the Fourier matrix to generate sinusoidal and phase-shifting sinusoid-modulated structural illumination patterns, which correspond to Fourier negative imaging and positive imaging, respectively. The proposed technique can obtain two centrosymmetric images in the intermediate imaging course. A high-quality image is reconstructed by applying intensity correlation to the negative and positive images for phase compensation. We performed simulations and experiments, which obtained high-quality images, demonstrating the feasibility of the methods. The proposed technique has the potential to image under sub-sampling conditions.

Efficient peroxymonosulfate activation by Zn/Fe metal-organic framework-derived ZnO/Fe3 O4 @carbon spheres for the degradation of Acid Orange 7.

ZnO/Fe3 O4 @carbon spheres, which synthesized via a calcination process used Zn/Fe metal-organic frameworks (Zn/Fe-MOFs) as a precursor, were studied for the activation of peroxymonosulfate (PMS) for the degradation of Acid Orange 7 (AO7). The ZnO/Fe3 O4 @carbon spheres exhibited relatively high catalytic degradation properties for AO7 in an aqueous solution. The AO7 degradation reached 93.6% in 15 min under the conditions: 0.20 g/L ZnO/Fe3 O4 @carbon spheres, 1.25 mmol/L PMS, 0.03 mmol/L AO7, and initial pH of 4. Findings revealed that higher ZnO/Fe3 O4 @carbon spheres dose and PMS concentration, lower initial AO7 concentration, and acidic pH favored the AO7 degradation to a certain extent. The mechanisms for the activation of PMS by ZnO/Fe3 O4 @carbon spheres were proposed based on the results of radical identification tests and structure characterization. Both radical and nonradical pathways contribute to the AO7 degradation in this system. PRACTITIONER POINTS: PMS + ZnO/Fe3 O4 @carbon spheres system can effectively catalyze PMS to decompose AO7. Both radical and nonradical pathways contribute to the degradation of AO7 in this system. The acidic condition was favorable for the activation of PMS.

[Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Fluorescence Properties of Two Tb(III) Complexes].

Two coordination polymers with formula of [Tb(3-SBA) (IP)OH(H2O)] · H2O(1) and [Tb(dpdc)1.5 (IP) (H2O)]n (2) (3-SBA==3-sulfobenzoate, dpdc=2,2'-diphenyldicarboxylate and IP=1H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]-phenanthroline) have been synthesised under hydrothermal condition and characterizated by X-ray single crystal diffraction. The complex 1 possesses a 1D chain structure constructed from Tb(III) ions by 3-SBA ligands and OH groups. Complex 2 shows a 1D chain structure constructed from Tb(III) ions by dpdc ligands. The two complexes display the characteristic (5)D4-->7Fj (J=6-3) transitions at 492, 544,584 and 619 nm of Tb(III) ion, respectively. No emission from the ligand could be observed, which indicates that the ligands absorb and transfer energy efficiently to central Tb( M) ion. The emission decay curves reveal a monoexponential behaviour yielding the lifetime values of 0.287 ms for 1 and 0.439 ms for 2. The quantum yields of luminescence are 9.28% for 1 and 7.07% for 2.

Hepatitis B virus basal core promoter mutations A1762T/G1764A are associated with genotype C and a low serum HBsAg level in chronically-infected HBeAg-positive Chinese patients.

The present study was aimed to obtain baseline information of basal core promoter A1762T/G1764A and precore G1896A mutations of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in 192 HBeAg-positive chronically-infected Chinese patients, who were potential candidates for antiviral treatment. The detection of these mutations (including minor mutant subpopulations) was achieved by direct sequencing, whose sensitivity for minor mutant subpopulations identification was confirmed by clone sequencing. Patients enrolled were infected with either genotype B (46.35%) or C (53.65%) HBV identified by routine tests in our laboratory. The A1762T/G1764A or G1896A mutations were detected in 125specimens (125/192, 65.10%), in which 77 (77/125, 61.60%) existed as subpopulations. The A1762T/G1764A mutations were found to be more prevalent in genotype C than that in genotype B HBV [62.14% (64/103) vs. 20.22% (18/89), P<0.0001]. There is no statistically significant link between G1896A and genotypes. The emergence of A1762T/G1764A mutations was also found to be associated with an older age, an elevated ALT/AST level, and a lower HBsAg level in serum [wild-type vs. mutant: 4.57 (3.46-5.42) vs. 3.93 (2.51-5.36), P<0.0001]. In conclusion, HBV basal core promoter mutations A1762T/G1764A are associated with genotype C and a low serum HBsAg level in chronically-infected HBeAg-positive Chinese patients.

Profile of HBV antiviral resistance mutations with distinct evolutionary pathways against nucleoside/nucleotide analogue treatment among Chinese chronic hepatitis B patients.

BACKGROUND: Antiviral drug-resistant HBV mutants under a variety of treatment protocols are complex and only partly understood. Here, a population-based cross-sectional study was performed to analyse the profile of resistance mutations in distinct evolutionary pathways refractory to different nucleoside/nucleotide analogues (NAs). METHODS: Serum samples of 199 chronic hepatitis B patients undergoing NA treatment from five hospitals in four northern cities of China were obtained between January 2007 and July 2009. The genotypic resistance of HBV in these samples was characterized. The full-length HBV reverse transcriptase region was amplified, sequenced and analysed with particular focus on the following NA-resistant changes: rtL80, rtI169, rtV173, rtL180, rtA181, rtT184, rtA194, rtS202, rtM204, rtN236 and rtM250. RESULTS: Among 199 HBV isolates, 30 (15.08%) and 169 (84.92%) were genotypes B and C, respectively, and 65 (32.66%) harboured NA-resistant mutations. The prevalence of mutations at rtM204 was 34.33% in 134 patients who had received or who had been exposed to lamivudine-based therapy. Five cases of rtN236 mutations were detected exclusively among 75 patients receiving adefovir-dipivoxil-based therapies. A total of 19 cases of multidrug resistance rtA181 mutations were observed in those with lamivudine-, adefovir-dipivoxil- or telbivudine-based treatment (186 cases), but not in those undergoing entecavir treatment (13 cases). Mutations were not found at rtI169, rtT184, rtA194 or rtS202. rtM204 mutations (27 rtM204I, 15 rtM204V and 5 rtM204I/V cases) were detected at the highest frequency among 65 mutants (72.30% [47/65]) and found to display 16 combination mutation patterns, in which rtM204I and rtM204V were significantly associated with rtL80I/V and rtL180M, respectively (P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: One-third of the studied population harboured NA-resistant HBV with complicated mutation patterns. Monitoring HBV genotypic resistance mutation markers and patterns is therefore shown to be beneficial for optimizing antiviral therapies and for avoiding clinical deterioration.