Cooked Adzuki Bean Reduces High-Fat Diet-Induced Body Weight Gain, Ameliorates Inflammation, and Modulates Intestinal Homeostasis in Mice.

Adzuki bean is widely consumed in East Asia. Although the positive effects of its biologically active ingredients on obesity have been confirmed, the role of whole cooked adzuki bean in preventing obesity and the relationship between the effects and gut microbiota remain unclear. Mice were fed either a low-fat diet (LFD) or high-fat diet (HFD) with or without 15% cooked adzuki bean for 12 weeks. Cooked adzuki bean significantly inhibited weight gain and hepatic steatosis, reduced high levels of serum triacylglycerol (TG), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alleviated systemic inflammation and metabolic endotoxemia in mice fed a HFD. Importantly, cooked adzuki bean regulated gut microbiota composition, decreased the abundance of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-producing bacteria (Desulfovibrionaceae,Helicobacter,and Bilophila), and HFD-dependent taxa (Deferribacteraceae, Ruminiclostridium_9, Ruminiclostridium, Mucispirillum, Oscillibacter, Enterorhabdus, Tyzzerella, Anaerotruncus, Intestinimonas, unclassified_f_Ruminococcaceae, Ruminiclostridium_5, and Ruminococcaceae), and enriched Muribaculaceae, norank_f_Muribaculaceae, Anaeroplasma, Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group, and Lachnospiraceae to alleviate inflammation and metabolic disorders induced by HFD. These findings provide new evidence for understanding the anti-obesity effect of cooked adzuki bean.

Corrigendum: Effect of Different Processing Methods on the Millet Polyphenols and Their Anti-diabetic Potential.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.780499.].

Effect of Different Processing Methods on the Millet Polyphenols and Their Anti-diabetic Potential.

Interest in polyphenols has grown due to their beneficial effect on diabetes attenuation. Millets are ancient crops that are rich in polyphenols and used for both food and feed. They are grown worldwide and are adapted to production under dry, hot conditions. The polyphenols found in millets have anti-diabetic properties. However, millet is usually consumed after being processed by heating, germination, fermentation, and other processing methods, which may alter polyphenol content and thus affect their anti-diabetic potential. This mini-review profiles the effects of different processing methods on millet polyphenols and how changes in millet polyphenols affect the hypoglycemic effect of millet. Future studies are needed to compare the anti-diabetes potential of millet polyphenols before and after processing and to explore ways to minimize polyphenol losses and thus maintain their hypoglycemic effect in final products.

Heat-Treated Adzuki Bean Protein Hydrolysates Reduce Obesity in Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet via Remodeling Gut Microbiota and Improving Metabolic Function.

SCOPE: Heat-treated adzuki bean protein hydrolysates (APH) reduce cholesterol in vitro. However, it is unclear if APH have anti-obesity effects in vivo and, if so, the relationship between the effects and the improvement of gut microbiota composition and metabolic function. METHODS AND RESULTS: Four groups of mice are fed either a normal control diet (NCD) or a high-fat diet (HFD) with or without APH for 12 weeks. In HFD-fed mice, APH supplementation significantly alleviate fat accumulation, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, hepatic steatosis, and inflammation. In addition, APH supplementation regulate gut microbiota composition, reduce the abundance of harmful bacteria (Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1, Romboutsia, Blautia, Mucispirillum, Bilophila, and Peptococcus), enrich Lactobacillus and SCFA-producing bacteria (Lactobacillaceae, Eisenbergiella, Alistipes, Parabacteroides, Tannerellaceae, Eubacterium_nodatum_group, Acetatifactor, Rikenellaceae, and Odoribacter), and increase fecal SCFAs concentration. Importantly, APH supplementation significantly regulate the levels of serum metabolites, especially Lactobacillus-derived metabolites and tryptophan derivatives, which help to alleviate obesity and its complications. CONCLUSION: APH improve gut microbiota composition and metabolic function in mice and may help to prevent and treat obesity and related complications.

[Study on the repeated batch fermentation of lipase by immobilized Rhizopus].

Repeated batch fermentation with Rhizopus arrhizus immobilized by polyurethane was optimized in details including the time to replace, the volume of the replaced medium and the optimal composition of the medium to replace. Immobilized cells showed stability for repeated use. Immobilized cells could be used for 9 batches, lasting 140h in flask and 6 batches in 5L fermenter when the substitute culture medium consisted of (%): soybean flour 3.0, earthnut oil 0.5 and the liquid was replaced by 40% . The time for fermentation was reduced largely and the lipase productivity was 3 - 6 times as high as that in batch fermentation.