[Mechanism of Puerariae Thomsonii Radix in treatment of mild dyslipidemia: based on clinical metabolomics and proteomics].

This study aims to explore the potential metabolic pathways and targets of Puerariae Thomsonii Radix in the clinical treatment of mild dyslipidemia. UPLC-Q-TOF-MS and EASY-nLC-timsTOF-Pro2 were employed to perform metabolomic and proteomic analyses of the plasma samples collected from the patients with mild dyslipidemia at baseline and after 12 weeks of treatment with Puerariae Thomsonii Radix. The multivariate statistical analysis was carried out for comparison between groups, and the correlation analysis was performed for the metabolites and proteins closely related to mild dyslipidemia with the blood lipid indexes. The possible pathways and targets for mitigating mild dyslipidemia were screened out by the Gene Ontology(GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG) enrichment analysis. The results showed that 56 differential metabolites and 78 differential proteins in the plasma of patients were associated with Puerariae Thomsonii Radix treatment. In addition, changes were detected for the proteins or metabolites(ApoB-100, 9,10-DHOME, GAPDH, PGK1, PGAM1, ENO1, etc.) involved in lipoprotein, lipid, and glucose metabolism and the proteins or metabolites(oxidized phospholipid, PLA2G7, LTA4H, etc.) related to inflammation and oxidative stress. Puerariae Thomsonii Radix may down-regulate the overexpression of ApoB-100, activate the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α/γ(PPARα/γ), promote the catabolism of fat and glycerol, and alleviate the oxidative stress mediated by oxidized phospholipids and leukotriene B4(LTB4) in the treatment of mild dyslipidemia.

A Literature Review of Blood-Disseminated P. marneffei Infection and a Case Study of this Infection in an HIV-Negative Child with Comorbid Eosinophilia.

BACKGROUND: The typical manifestations of Penicillium marneffei (nowadays Talaromyces marneffei) infection in children without human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) remain unclear. The current work presents the case of a child without an underlying disease who was infected with P. marneffei comorbid with eosinophilia. CASE PRESENTATION: A 2-year-old male was infected with P. marneffei. A physical examination revealed a high-grade fever, ulcerated lesions in the oral mucosa, anemia, pruritic erythematous papules on the sac and thigh and watery diarrhea. A chest enhanced computed tomography scan showed multiple small, nodular, high-density shadows in the lungs, multiple lymphadenectasis in the hilum of the lungs and mediastinum, and liquid in the right pleural cavity. The patient's plasma was negative for HIV. Routine blood tests initially indicated that the patient had leucopenia; however, later tests indicated that he had leukocytosis. This peak was caused by a significant increase in eosinophils. The total IgE and specific allergen levels were normal. The stool was negative for parasite eggs. Aspergillus antigen (galactomannan, GM) levels were significantly increased and were present in the serum for a relatively long period. CONCLUSIONS: Eosinophilia can occur during P. marneffei infection, and this finding might provide additional information on the activity of this intracellular parasite. In addition, GM detection might be useful for monitoring the effect of antifungal treatments; however, this theory requires more data for verification.