Overexpression of GOLPH3 is associated with poor survival in Non-small-cell lung cancer.

As a highly conserved protein of the Golgi apparatus, Golgi phosphoprotein 3 (GOLPH3) has been shown to be involved in tumorigenesis. This study aims to explore the expression and significance of GOLPH3 in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We found that GOLPH3 expression was significantly elevated in NSCLC tissues when compared with adjacent lung tissues (p<0.01). Moreover, GOLPH3 expression was significantly associated with histological type (p<0.01), differentiation (p<0.01), and lymph node metastasis (p<0.05). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that overall survival of patients with high expression of GOLPH3 was significantly shorter (n=100, p<0.05). In addition, GOLPH3 knock-down in two independent NSCLC cell lines inhibited cell viability through the induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. In conclusion, GOLPH3 is closely related to the progression in NSCLC and could be served as a potential prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for NSCLC.

Deep first formal concept search.

The calculation of formal concepts is a very important part in the theory of formal concept analysis (FCA); however, within the framework of FCA, computing all formal concepts is the main challenge because of its exponential complexity and difficulty in visualizing the calculating process. With the basic idea of Depth First Search, this paper presents a visualization algorithm by the attribute topology of formal context. Limited by the constraints and calculation rules, all concepts are achieved by the visualization global formal concepts searching, based on the topology degenerated with the fixed start and end points, without repetition and omission. This method makes the calculation of formal concepts precise and easy to operate and reflects the integrity of the algorithm, which enables it to be suitable for visualization analysis.