Bio-inspired Mechanically Responsive Smart Windows for Visible and Near-Infrared Multiwavelength Spectral Modulation.

Mechanochromic light control technology that can dynamically regulate solar irradiation is recognized as one of the leading candidates for energy-saving windows. However, the lack of spectrally selective modulation ability still hinders its application for different scenarios or individual needs. Here, inspired by the generation of structure color and color change of living organisms, a simple layer-by-layer assembly approach toward large-area fabricating mechanically responsive film for visible and near-infrared multiwavelength spectral modulation smart windows is reported here. The assembled SiO2 nanoparticles and W18O49 nanowires enable the film with an optical modulation rate of up to 42.4% at the wavelength of 550 nm and 18.4% for the near-infrared region, separately, and the typical composite film under 50% stretching shows ≈41.6% modulation rate at the wavelength of 550 nm with NIR modulation rate less than 2.7%. More importantly, the introduction of the multilayer assembly structure not only optimizes the film's optical modulation but also enables the film with high stability during 100 000 stretching cycles. A cooling effect of 21.3 and 6.9 °C for the blackbody and air inside a model house in the real environmental application is achieved. This approach provides theoretical and technical support for the new mechanochromic energy-saving windows.

Five-Year Outcomes of Bioresorbable Stent Therapy for Coronary Heart Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Background: The efficacy of bioresorbable vascular scaffolds (BVS) compared to metallic stents for the treatment of coronary heart disease remains controversial. The analysis of clinical outcomes at five years following the initial treatment has yet to be reviewed. This study sought to assess the five-year outcomes in randomized controlled trials of BVS in the treatment of coronary heart disease using a systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods: A systematic database search was conducted from their inception to June 30th, 2023 using various Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms including: "Coronary Disease", "Bioresorbable stent", "Randomized controlled trials". Results: After a rigorous selection process, a total of five high-quality articles were finally included in this study. Each trial demonstrated a low risk of bias. After 5 years, bioresorbable stents showed outcomes similar to conventional metal stents in terms of cardiac mortality. However, they were inferior in terms of lesion revascularization rates, in-stent thrombosis rates, target lesion failure, target vessel failure, and myocardial infarction. Conclusions: While bioresorbable stents are comparable to metallic stents in terms of cardiac mortality rates, they exhibit significant drawbacks that warrant clinical consideration.

Diffuse hyperpigmentation with guttate hypopigmentation: a new pigmentary disorder.

Diffuse hyperpigmentation with guttate hypopigmentation (DHGH) is a new acquired pigmentary disorder. Only a few cases have previously been reported in the Chinese population, in Chinese. To summarise the clinical, dermoscopic, and histopathological findings of DHGH in the English literature, to improve the recognition and management of this condition. This was a retrospective study to summarise the clinical, dermoscopic, and pathological findings of nine cases of DHGH. All nine patients with DHGH were female. The age at onset varied from 6 to 24 years (median 17 years). Patients were generally in good health without systemic disease. The lesions were often generalised to the trunk and extremities without any discomfort. Typical lesions were characterised by multiple uniform hypopigmented spots, 2-5 mm in diameter, irregularly distributed over diffuse hyperpigmentation. Dermoscopy revealed multiple blurred patchy areas of brownish pigmentation, sparse linear and dotted vessels, and perifollicular pigmentation on a white to bright white background, surrounded by brown hyperpigmentation. Histopathological findings included mild abnormal pigment of the epidermis, focal vacuolar degeneration of the basal cells, mild pigment incontinence and perivascular lymphocytic infiltration in the dermis. DHGH is a new entity with distinctive clinical manifestations that differ from those of other known pigmentary disorders. So far, DHGH has only been reported in the Chinese population. It may not be uncommon and has not received much attention due to the few reports. The aetiology and pathogenesis of DHGH are still unknown and require further investigation.

RACGAP1 knockdown synergizes and enhances the effects of chemotherapeutics on ovarian cancer.

Among the three most prevalent cancers affecting the female reproductive system, ovarian cancer (OV) ranks as the second most frequently diagnosed. It is important to investigate the genomic complexity of OV to develop diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Through the utilization of bioinformatics analysis, it was determined that RacGTPase Activating Protein 1 (RACGAP1) holds significant significance in the field of OV chemotherapeutics, an aspect that has not been thoroughly explored in prior investigations. In our study, a notable increase in RACGAP1 expression was detected in ovarian cancer, demonstrating a robust association with clinicopathological features and patient prognosis. In vivo and in vitro testing revealed that RACGAP1 acts synergistically with chemotherapeutics to enhance their effects on ovarian cancer. Furthermore, an interaction between RACGAP1 and the subunit G2 of the condensin II complex, known as non-SMC condensin II complex subunit G2 (NCAPG2), has been identified. Our findings may provide new insight for improving therapeutic strategies for OV.

Identification and Validation of a Novel Anoikis-Related Gene Signature for Predicting Survival in Patients With Serous Ovarian Cancer.

Background: Ovarian cancer is an extremely deadly gynecological malignancy, with a 5-year survival rate below 30%. Among the different histological subtypes, serous ovarian cancer (SOC) is the most common. Anoikis significantly contributes to the progression of ovarian cancer. Therefore, identifying an anoikis-related signature that can serve as potential prognostic predictors for SOC is of great significance. Methods: We intersected 308 anoikis-related genes (ARGs) and identified those significantly associated with SOC prognosis using univariate Cox regression. A LASSO Cox regression model was constructed and evaluated using Kaplan-Meier and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses in TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas) and GSE26193 cohorts. We conducted quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) to assess mRNA levels and applied bioinformatics to investigate the correlation between risk groups and gene expression, mutations, pathways, tumor immune microenvironment (TIME), and drug sensitivity in SOC. Results: Among 308 ARGs, 28 were significantly associated with SOC prognosis. A 13-gene prognostic model was established through LASSO Cox regression in TCGA cohort. High-risk group had poorer prognosis than low-risk group (median overall survival (mOS): 34.2 vs. 57.1 months, hazard ratio (HR): 2.590, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.159 - 6.00, P < 0.001). The area under the curve (AUC) values of 0.63, 0.65, and 0.74 reflected the predictive performance for 3-, 5-, and 8-year overall survival (OS) in GSE26193 validation cohort. Functional enrichment, pathway analysis, and TIME analysis identified distinct characteristics between risk groups. Drug sensitivity analysis revealed potential drug advantages for each group. Furthermore, qPCR validation once again confirmed the effectiveness of the risk model in SOC patients. Conclusions: We developed and validated a robust ARG model, which could be used to predict OS in SOC patients. By systematically analyzing the correlation between the risk score of the ARGs signature model and various patterns, including the TIME and drug sensitivity, our findings suggest that this prognostic model contributes to the advancement of personalized and precise therapeutic strategies. Nevertheless, further validation studies and investigations into the underlying mechanisms are warranted.