RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The linkage between psoriasis and hypertension has been established through observational studies. Despite this, a comprehensive assessment of the combined effects of psoriasis and hypertension on all-cause mortality is lacking. The principal aim of the present study is to elucidate the synergistic impact of psoriasis and hypertension on mortality within a representative cohort of adults residing in the United States. METHODS: The analysis was conducted on comprehensive datasets derived from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Study spanning two distinct periods: 2003-2006 and 2009-2014. The determination of psoriasis status relied on self-reported questionnaire data, whereas hypertension was characterized by parameters including systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mmHg, diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg, self-reported physician diagnosis, or the use of antihypertensive medication. The assessment of the interplay between psoriasis and hypertension employed multivariable logistic regression analyses. Continuous monitoring of participants' vital status was conducted until December 31, 2019. A four-level variable amalgamating information on psoriasis and hypertension was established, and the evaluation of survival probability utilized the Kaplan-Meier curve alongside Cox regression analysis. Hazard ratios (HRs) and their associated 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were computed to scrutinize the correlation between psoriasis/hypertension and all-cause mortality. RESULTS: In total, this study included 19,799 participants, among whom 554 had psoriasis and 7,692 had hypertension. The findings from the logistic regression analyses indicated a heightened risk of hypertension among individuals with psoriasis in comparison to those devoid of psoriasis. Throughout a median follow-up spanning 105 months, 1,845 participants experienced all-cause death. In comparison to individuals devoid of both hypertension and psoriasis, those with psoriasis alone exhibited an all-cause mortality HR of 0.73 (95% CI: 0.35-1.53), individuals with hypertension alone showed an HR of 1.78 (95% CI: 1.55-2.04), and those with both psoriasis and hypertension had an HR of 2.33 (95% CI: 1.60-3.40). In the course of a stratified analysis differentiating between the presence and absence of psoriasis, it was noted that hypertension correlated with an elevated risk of all-cause mortality in individuals lacking psoriasis (HR 1.77, 95% CI: 1.54-2.04). Notably, this association was further accentuated among individuals with psoriasis, revealing an increased HR of 3.23 (95% CI: 1.47-7.13). CONCLUSIONS: The outcomes of our investigation demonstrated a noteworthy and positive association between psoriasis, hypertension, and all-cause mortality. These findings indicate that individuals who have both psoriasis and hypertension face an increased likelihood of mortality.
Asunto(s)
Hipertensión , Psoriasis , Humanos , Psoriasis/complicaciones , Psoriasis/mortalidad , Masculino , Hipertensión/complicaciones , Hipertensión/mortalidad , Femenino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Prospectivos , Adulto , Anciano , Factores de Riesgo , Estados Unidos/epidemiología , Modelos de Riesgos Proporcionales , Encuestas NutricionalesRESUMEN
The effects of oat ß-glucan (OG) combined with ultrasound-assisted treatment on thermal aggregation behavior of silver carp myofibrillar protein (MP) under low salt concentration were investigated. The particle size and turbidity of MP were increased to higher levels by OG participation or ultrasound treatment during the two-stage heating. Both OG and ultrasonic treatment promoted the unfolding of MP structure, evidenced by the gradual decrease of α-helix content and fluorescence intensity, as well as the increase of ß-sheet content, surface hydrophobicity and sulfhydryl content. Compared to solely OG or ultrasonic treatment, the combination of OG and ultrasound further promoted the unfolding of MP and more sulfhydryl groups were exposed in the pre-heating stage, which was conducive to strengthen the chemical forces between MP molecules. Additionally, AFM analysis revealed that the apparent morphology of the OG combined with ultrasonic treated group exhibited a smoother surface and a more uniform distribution of aggregates.
Asunto(s)
Carpas , Calor , Interacciones Hidrofóbicas e Hidrofílicas , beta-Glucanos , Animales , beta-Glucanos/química , Proteínas de Peces/química , Avena/química , Proteínas Musculares/química , Agregado de Proteínas , Cloruro de Sodio/química , Tamaño de la PartículaRESUMEN
We aimed to unveil the underlying pathogenic mechanisms of skin cancer in relation to metabolic factors and pathway mechanisms. This study utilized the TwoSample Mendelian randomization (MR) method to investigate the causal relationship between 1400 plasma metabolites and skin cancer. The primary method employed was the inverse variance weighting (IVW). Through IVW analysis, we found 105 plasma metabolites associated with Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC), with the highest association observed for Prolylglycine levels (OR [95% CI]: 1.1902 [1.0274, 1.3788]). For Malignant Melanoma of Skin (MSS), 68 plasma metabolites were linked, with the highest causal relationship seen for 3-Hydroxybutyrate levels (OR [95% CI]: 1.0030 [1.0013, 1.0048]). Regarding actinic keratosis (AK), and the highest association observed for Hexadecadienoate (16:2n6) levels (OR [95% CI]: 1.3302 [1.0333, 1.7125]). Glycerol to palmitoylcarnitine (16: n6) levels (OR [95% CI]: 1.3302 [1.0333, 1.125]) were found to be significant for BCC and AK. Palmitoylcarnitine (C16) had the most positive causal effect for BCC (OR [95% CI]: 1.1777 [1.0493, 1.3218]), while 5-hydroxy-2-methylpyridine sulfate levels had the highest effect for AK (OR [95% CI]: 1.1788 [1.0295, 1.3498]). And 4-guanidinobutanoate levels had the largest positive causal effect (OR [95% CI]: 1.0857 [1.0417, 1.1317]) for BCC, and X-11880 levels for MSS (OR [95% CI]: 1.0013 [1.0000, 1.0025]). The study revealed a positive association between hereditary Glycerol to palmitoylcarnitine (C16) and 5-hydroxy-2-methylpyridine sulfate levels with the risk of developing BCC and AK. Additionally, 4-guanidinobutanoate levels and X 11880 levels were found to be positively associated with the risk of BCC and MMS.
Asunto(s)
Carcinoma Basocelular , Análisis de la Aleatorización Mendeliana , Neoplasias Cutáneas , Humanos , Neoplasias Cutáneas/sangre , Neoplasias Cutáneas/genética , Neoplasias Cutáneas/epidemiología , Carcinoma Basocelular/sangre , Carcinoma Basocelular/genética , Carcinoma Basocelular/epidemiología , Melanoma/sangre , Melanoma/genética , Melanoma/epidemiología , Queratosis Actínica/sangre , Queratosis Actínica/genética , Ácido 3-Hidroxibutírico/sangre , Predisposición Genética a la Enfermedad , Melanoma Cutáneo MalignoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Tumor cells have the ability to invade and form small clusters that protrude into adjacent tissues, a phenomenon that is frequently observed at the periphery of a tumor as it expands into healthy tissues. The presence of these clusters is linked to poor prognosis and has proven challenging to treat using conventional therapies. We previously reported that p60AmotL2 expression is localized to invasive colon and breast cancer cells. In vitro, p60AmotL2 promotes epithelial cell invasion by negatively impacting E-cadherin/AmotL2-related mechanotransduction. METHODS: Using epithelial cells transfected with inducible p60AmotL2, we employed a phenotypic drug screening approach to find compounds that specifically target invasive cells. The phenotypic screen was performed by treating cells for 72 h with a library of compounds with known antitumor activities in a dose-dependent manner. After assessing cell viability using CellTiter-Glo, drug sensitivity scores for each compound were calculated. Candidate hit compounds with a higher drug sensitivity score for p60AmotL2-expressing cells were then validated on lung and colon cell models, both in 2D and in 3D, and on colon cancer patient-derived organoids. Nascent RNA sequencing was performed after BET inhibition to analyse BET-dependent pathways in p60AmotL2-expressing cells. RESULTS: We identified 60 compounds that selectively targeted p60AmotL2-expressing cells. Intriguingly, these compounds were classified into two major categories: Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) inhibitors and Bromodomain and Extra-Terminal motif (BET) inhibitors. The latter consistently demonstrated antitumor activity in human cancer cell models, as well as in organoids derived from colon cancer patients. BET inhibition led to a shift towards the upregulation of pro-apoptotic pathways specifically in p60AmotL2-expressing cells. CONCLUSIONS: BET inhibitors specifically target p60AmotL2-expressing invasive cancer cells, likely by exploiting differences in chromatin accessibility, leading to cell death. Additionally, our findings support the use of this phenotypic strategy to discover novel compounds that can exploit vulnerabilities and specifically target invasive cancer cells.
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias del Colon , Mecanotransducción Celular , Humanos , Línea Celular Tumoral , Detección Precoz del Cáncer , Neoplasias del Colon/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias del Colon/genéticaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Endothelial cells are constantly exposed to mechanical forces in the form of fluid shear stress, extracellular stiffness, and cyclic strain. The mechanoresponsive activity of YAP (Yes-associated protein) and its role in vascular development are well described; however, whether changes to transcription or epigenetic regulation of YAP are involved in these processes remains unanswered. Furthermore, how mechanical forces are transduced to the nucleus to drive transcriptional reprogramming in endothelial cells is poorly understood. The YAP target gene, AmotL2 (angiomotin-like 2), is a junctional mechanotransducer that connects cell-cell junctions to the nuclear membrane via the actin cytoskeleton. METHODS: We applied mechanical manipulations including shear flow, stretching, and substrate stiffness to endothelial cells to investigate the role of mechanical forces in modulating YAP transcription. Using in vitro and in vivo endothelial depletion of AmotL2, we assess nuclear morphology, chromatin organization (using transposase-accessible chromatin sequencing), and whole-mount immunofluorescent staining of the aorta to determine the regulation and functionality of YAP. Finally, we use genetic and chemical inhibition to uncouple the nuclear-cytoskeletal connection to investigate the role of this pathway on YAP transcription. RESULTS: Our results reveal that mechanical forces sensed at cell-cell junctions by the YAP target gene AmotL2 are directly involved in changes in global chromatin accessibility and activity of the histone methyltransferase EZH2, leading to modulation of YAP promotor activity. Functionally, shear stress-induced proliferation of endothelial cells in vivo was reliant on AmotL2 and YAP/TAZ (transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif) expression. Mechanistically, uncoupling of the nuclear-cytoskeletal connection from junctions and focal adhesions led to altered nuclear morphology, chromatin accessibility, and YAP promotor activity. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings reveal a role for AmotL2 and nuclear-cytoskeletal force transmission in modulating the epigenetic and transcriptional regulation of YAP to maintain a mechano-enforced positive feedback loop of vascular homeostasis. These findings may offer an explanation as to the proinflammatory phenotype that leads to aneurysm formation observed in AmotL2 endothelial deletion models.
Asunto(s)
Proteínas Adaptadoras Transductoras de Señales , Transactivadores , Proteínas Adaptadoras Transductoras de Señales/genética , Proteínas Adaptadoras Transductoras de Señales/metabolismo , Transactivadores/metabolismo , Mecanotransducción Celular , Células Endoteliales/metabolismo , Epigénesis Genética , CromatinaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To quantify the trends in systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP) among adults in Shenzhen from 1997 to 2018. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTINGS: The data were collected from all districts in Shenzhen, China in the years of 1997, 2009 and 2018 by multistage cluster sampling procedure. PARTICIPANTS: Participants were residents aged 18-69 years in Shenzhen, China. A total of 26 621 people were included: 8266 people in 1997, 8599 people in 2009 and 9756 people in 2018. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: All participants were surveyed about their sociodemographic and lifestyle information. BP was measured by trained physicians using a mercury sphygmomanometer. Hypertension was defined as systolic BP of at least 140 mm Hg and diastolic BP of at least 90 mm Hg, self-reported use of antihypertensive medications or both. Hypertension control was defined as systolic BP values of less than 140 mm Hg and diastolic BP values of less than 90 mm Hg. RESULT: Age-adjusted mean systolic BP increased from 117±16 mm Hg to 123±15 mm Hg (p<0.001) in males, and from 113±18 mm Hg to 115±16 mm Hg (p<0.001) in females from 1997 to 2018. Diastolic BP among males increased from 75 mm Hg (SD=11) to 79 mm Hg (SD=11) and increased from 71 mm Hg (SD=10) to 73 mm Hg (SD=10) among females between 1997 and 2018 (p<0.001). Rate of hypertension rose rapidly from 17.71% (95% CI: 16.60% to 18.90%) in 2009 to 24.01% (95% CI: 22.84% to 25.22%) in 2018 among males (p<0.001), whereas the prevalence among females remained stable at around 13.5% (p=0.98). Both awareness and treatment rates of hypertension among males and females showed a decreased trend between 2009 and 2018, while no significant changes were observed for control rates. CONCLUSIONS: The mean systolic BP and diastolic BP among adults in Shenzhen increased from 1997 to 2018, and no improvements in hypertension awareness, treatment and control rates were found.
Asunto(s)
Hipertensión , Adulto , Masculino , Femenino , Humanos , Presión Sanguínea , Estudios Transversales , Hipertensión/tratamiento farmacológico , Antihipertensivos/uso terapéutico , Antihipertensivos/farmacología , China/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
Background: Thrombocytopenia, a common complication of coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery, is particularly prevalent among elderly individuals. This study developed a risk prediction model utilizing preoperative and intraoperative variables to identify high-risk elderly patients prone to developing thrombocytopenia. Methods: The patients were retrospectively recruited from Beijing Anzhen Hospital between February 2019 and December 2020. Postoperative thrombocytopenia was defined as a postoperative platelet (PLT) count <100×109/L as measured within 7 days after surgery. The entire population was randomly split into derivation and validation sets in a 7:3 ratio. The derivation set underwent variable screen by the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression method. To evaluate the predictive ability of the model for thrombocytopenia, decision curve analysis (DCA) and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were generated in the derivation and validation sets. Results: A total of 1,773 patients were recruited in this study, with random assignment to either the derivation set (1,242 cases) or the validation set (531 cases). LASSO regression was utilized the risk factors associated with thrombocytopenia, resulting in selection of preoperative baseline variables: body mass index (BMI), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), preoperative PLT, and use of beta-blocker, and intraoperative variables: red blood cell (RBC) transfusion, plasma transfusion, use of intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) and cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), reoperation for bleeding, washed RBC transfusion volume, and use of epinephrine. The logistic regression was employed to establish the risk prediction. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) for the derivation set was 0.900 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.880-0.920], while for the validation cohort, it was 0.897 (95% CI: 0.866-0.928). Conclusions: The model incorporating significant preoperative and intraoperative variables exhibited good predictive performance for thrombocytopenia in elderly patients undergoing CABG surgery.
RESUMEN
The effects of different edible fungi on the flavor profiles of fish soups were analyzed by sensory evaluation, non-volatile and volatile flavor compounds. The sensory attributes of fish soups were modified by adding edible fungi, with the highest total scores obtained for AAFS and DFS. Compared with pure fish soup, the amounts of free amino acids, nucleotides, organic acids and inorganic ions were increased with fungi addition, especially AAFS. The different mushroom fish soups could be clearly distinguished by E-nose analysis, and a total of 52 flavor compounds, mainly composed of aldehydes (27), ketones (11), alcohols (8), esters (4), and others (2), were then identified by GC-IMS. Eventually, fish soup samples were classified into three groups based on OPLS-DA analysis: â (LEFS), â ¡ (BFS and BEFS) and â ¢ (ABFS, AAFS and DFS). The results showed that Agrocybe aegerita had high suitability for improving the flavor of Large yellow croaker soups.
RESUMEN
Association of distinct inflammatory profiles with short-term mortality is little known in type A aortic dissection (TAAD). Latent class analysis was used to identify distinct inflammatory profiles based on leukocyte, neutrophils, monocyte, lymphocytes, platelet, fibrinogen, D-dimer, neutrophils-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-lymphocyte ratio, and lymphocyte-monocyte ratio. We identified 193 patients with median age of 56 (IQR 47-63) years and 146 males. Patients were divided as hyper-inflammatory profiles (84 [43.5%]) and hypo-inflammatory profiles (109 [56.5%]). Although baseline characteristics were not different, hyper-inflammatory patients had higher 6-month mortality (20 [23.8%] vs. 11 [10.1%]; P = 0.014) and 30-day mortality (18 [21.4%] vs. 9 [8.3%], P = 0.009) than hypo-inflammatory patients. After adjustment for potential confounders, hyper-inflammatory profiles remain associated with higher risk of 6-month mortality than hypo-inflammatory profiles (adjusted OR 2.427 [95%CI 1.154, 5.105], P = 0.019). Assessment of preoperative inflammatory profiles adds clarity regarding the extent of inflammatory response to TAAD aetiopathologies, highlighting individual anti-inflammatory pharmacotherapy for TAAD. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04398992.
Asunto(s)
Disección Aórtica , Relevancia Clínica , Masculino , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Disección Aórtica/diagnóstico por imagen , Linfocitos , Fenotipo , Estudios RetrospectivosRESUMEN
In order to develop a reliable and rapid method for meat freshness detection, nanocellulose (TOCNF) prepared via the TEMPO (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine oxidation) oxidation method was used as raw material to prepare hydrogels using Zn2+ coordination and binding. Physicochemical properties such as water absorption and porosity were analyzed. It was further used to select suitable hydrogels for the preparation of indication labels after anthocyanin adsorption, and it was applied in the freshness detection of fresh minced pork. Five percent TOCNF (w/w) aqueous solution was homogenized by high shear for 4 min, and 20% (w/w) zinc chloride solution was added to it, so that the concentration of zinc ions could reach 0.25 mol/L. After standing for 24 h, the hydrogel was obtained with good water absorption and a porous three-dimensional network structure. The activation energies of volatile base nitrogen (TVBN) and anthocyanin indicating label color changes were 59.231 kJ/mol and 69.453 kJ/mol, respectively. The difference between the two is within 25 kJ/mol, so the prepared indicator label can accurately visualize the shelf life of fresh pork.
RESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: Knowledge is limited regarding the significance of pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP) in predominantly congenital mitral valve regurgitation (MR)-based intracardiac abnormalities. METHODS: From a prospective cohort, we included 200 patients with congenital MR regardless of other associated intracardiac abnormalities (mean age 60.4 months, 67% female, systolic PAP (sPAP) 54.2 mm Hg) surgically repaired in 2012-2019 and followed up to 2020 (median 30.0 months). Significant pulmonary hypertension (PH) was defined as sPAP >50 mm Hg at rest or mean PAP >25 mm Hg on right heart catheterization. By perioperative sPAP changes, patients were stratified as group I (pre-normotension to post-normotension), group II (pre-hypertension to post-normotension), or group III (pre-hypertension to post-hypertension). Primary outcomes were the recurrence of MR (defined as the regurgitation grade of moderate or greater) and the progression of MR (defined as any increase in the magnitude of regurgitation grade after surgery). Cox proportional hazard and Kaplan-Meier curve were performed. RESULTS: There was no association between preoperative PH and the recurrent MR (adjusted hazard ratios [aHR]: 1.146 [95% CI: 0.453-2.899]) and progressive MR (aHR: 1.753 [95% CI: 0.807-3.804]), respectively. There were no significant differences among group I, group II, and group III in the recurrent MR but in the progressive MR. A dose dependency was identified for preoperative sPAP with recurrent MR (aHR: 1.050 [95% CI: 1.029-1.071]) and progressive MR risks (aHR: 1.037 [95% CI: 1.019-1.055]), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Preoperative higher sPAP is associated with worse outcomes, warranting heightened attention to the identification of perioperative sPAP.
Asunto(s)
Hipertensión Pulmonar , Insuficiencia de la Válvula Mitral , Prehipertensión , Humanos , Femenino , Preescolar , Masculino , Pronóstico , Presión Arterial , Estudios Prospectivos , Resultado del Tratamiento , Prehipertensión/complicaciones , Válvula Mitral/cirugía , Hipertensión Pulmonar/complicaciones , Estudios RetrospectivosRESUMEN
Photodegradation behavior of a new fungicide isopyrazam in water under simulated sunlight and ultraviolet (UV) irradiation was studied. The photolysis half-life (t1/2) of isopyrazam in purified water was 195 h under simulated sunlight, which was decreased to 46-88 h, 28-51 h, and 13-18 h in the presence of NO3-, Fe3+, and riboflavin, respectively. UV irradiation accelerated the photolysis of isopyrazam with a half-life of 30 min and revealed varied degradation rates in acidic (0.011 min-1), neutral (0.024 min-1), and alkaline solutions (0.022 min-1). Nine transformation products under simulated sunlight and UV were found, and photolytic pathways were proposed to include cleavage of C-N bonds, hydroxylation, nitration, demethylation, dehydrofluorination, and photoisomerization. The acute toxicity of defluorinated isopyrazam (TP 4) and the chronic toxicity of isomerized isopyrazam (TP 9) to aquatic organisms were approximately twice that of isopyrazam. These findings provide insights into environmental risk assessment and management of water pollution.
Asunto(s)
Fungicidas Industriales , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua , Fotólisis , Cinética , Fungicidas Industriales/toxicidad , Fungicidas Industriales/química , Agua/química , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua/químicaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The scrotum is considered as an uncommon site for tinea, hence there is a lack of knowledge about the clinical characteristics, pathogenic agents and the skin microbiome changes of tinea scrotum. OBJECTIVE: We sought to analyze the clinical features, pathogenic agents and skin microbiome of tinea scrotum. METHODS: A two-center prospective observational study was carried out in outpatient dermatology clinics in Zhejiang, China, from September 2017 to September 2019. The diagnosis of tinea scrotum was confirmed by direct microscopy. Clinical and mycological data were collected. The composition of microbial communities of patients with tinea scrotum was analyzed and compared with healthy controls. RESULTS: A total of 113 patients with tinea scrotum were included. Tinea scrotum was either presented with isolated lesions (9/113, 8.0%) or accompanied by tinea of other sites (104/113, 92.0%). Tinea cruris was detected in 101 cases (89.38%). Fungal culture was positive in 63 cases, among which Trichophyton rubrum was grown in 60 cases (95.2%) and Nannizzia gypsea was cultured in 3 cases (4.8%). The skin microbiome in scrotum lesions from 18 patients showed increased abundance of Trichophyton compared with 18 healthy individuals, while Malassezia was decreased. No significant difference in bacterial diversity was found. CONCLUSIONS: Tinea scrotum was often companied by superficial fungal infections of other skin sites, with tinea cruris being the most common condition. Instead of N. gypsea, T. rubrum was the most frequently identified pathogen for tinea scrotum. In general, tinea scrotum exhibited changes in the fungal communities of the skin with increased Trichophyton and decreased Malassezia abundance.
Asunto(s)
Microbiota , Tiña Cruris , Tiña , Masculino , Humanos , Tiña Cruris/patología , Escroto/microbiología , Tiña/microbiología , Piel/patología , TrichophytonRESUMEN
The effect of oat ß-glucan (OG) combined with ultrasound treatment on the gelation properties of silver carp surimi with different salt contents was investigated. The results demonstrated that the gelation properties of surimi gels at high salt concentration were superior than those at low salt level. The addition of OG or ultrasound treatment could significantly enhance the texture properties, gel strength and water holding capacity (WHC) of gel samples, regardless of salt contents. The ultrasound treatment improved the whiteness of surimi gels, whereas the OG addition slightly declined the whiteness. Both OG addition and ultrasound treatment markedly reduced the total sulfhydryl content (total SH) and strengthened the hydrophobic interactions, forming the more uniform and denser gel network structures, hence more water was captured in network structures and became immobilized. Moreover, the combined treatment of OG and ultrasound showed synergic action on the gelation properties of surimi, and the gel strength and WHC of low-salt surimi gel treated by the combination of OG and ultrasound were even superior than that of high-salt gel without OG by traditional heating.
Asunto(s)
Carpas , Proteínas de Peces , Animales , Proteínas de Peces/química , Manipulación de Alimentos/métodos , Productos Pesqueros/análisis , Geles/química , AguaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Polysaccharides are the most widely used additives to enhance the quality of surimi gels. Oat ß-glucan (OG), a functional polysaccharide, is known to affect the gelation characteristics of surimi. However, it has been rarely reported. Therefore, the effect of OG at different levels on gelling properties, protein conformation, and microstructures of silver carp surimi gels were investigated. RESULTS: An increase in the OG content from 0 to 1.0% significantly improved the hardness, springiness, chewiness, puncture properties, storage modulus, and loss modulus of surimi gels. Moreover, the incorporation of OG (0-1.0%) facilitated the unfolding of proteins, resulting in the conformational transformation from α-helix to ß-sheet and ß-turn. Consequently, surimi-OG gels displayed a denser network structure with smaller and more uniform voids. Furthermore, partial free water in the gel network was converted into immobile water, increasing the water-holding capacity. However, a further increase in the OG concentration (1.0-2.0%) resulted in a looser and more uneven network structure with large and numerous cavities. In addition, the whiteness of composite gels decreased with increasing content of OG. CONCLUSION: The addition of 1.0% OG dramatically improved the gelation performance of silver carp surimi, providing a theoretical foundation for the exploitation and manufacture of functional surimi products. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Asunto(s)
Carpas , Proteínas de Peces , Animales , Proteínas de Peces/química , Manipulación de Alimentos/métodos , Geles/química , Conformación Proteica , Agua , Productos Pesqueros/análisisRESUMEN
A burgeoning body of research has shown that authoritarian leadership (AL) embodies the characteristics of "light" and "dark," meaning that it does not always have a negative impact on employees' creative activities. However, studies explaining this potential positive effect are insufficient. To extend the AL and creativity literature, we draw on self-determination theory and event system theory, and elicit discipline-focused AL and appointment event criticality to examine whether, when, and how authoritarian leaders affect employee creativity positively. With time-lagged data collected from 435 employees and their direct leaders in China, we found that discipline-focused AL has an indirect positive effect on employee creativity through creative self-efficacy. Additionally, appointment event criticality strengthens the positive relationship between discipline-focused AL and creative self-efficiency, and the indirect impact of discipline-focused AL on employee creativity through creative self-efficiency. The theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
RESUMEN
The potential effects of yeast ß-glucan (YG) on heat-induced gel properties, microstructure and flavor adsorption capacity of fish myosin at different NaCl concentrations were investigated in this study. The incorporation of YG significantly improved the texture properties, gel strength, water holding capacity (WHC), storage modulus and loss modulus of myosin gels, especially at a high salt level, whereas the whiteness declined. Furthermore, myosin gels containing YG displayed a more compact and ordered three-dimensional network structure, accompanied by the increasing immobilization of water in gels. The binding abilities of gels to selected flavor compounds at high salt content were inferior to those at the low salt content. Regardless of the salt level, YG addition boosted the flavor binding capacity of gels, which might be attributed to the unfolding of the protein conformation by exposing more flavor-binding sites, as well as the porous sponge structure of YG with unique adsorption capacity.
Asunto(s)
beta-Glucanos , Adsorción , Animales , Peces , Geles/química , Miosinas , Saccharomyces cerevisiae , Agua/químicaRESUMEN
Objective: The aim of the current study was to evaluate association of education attainment and guideline-directed medications therapy (GDMT) in patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Method: HFrEF patients were enrolled, and baseline characteristics were recorded. Based on highest educational attainment, patients were divided into low and high education attainment groups. Data on GDMT use at admission, discharge and follow-up were collected and between-group differences were evaluated. Results: A total of 336 patients were recruited, and 59.8% (n = 201) were defined as low education attainment. Patients with low education attainment were older and more likely to be female, obese and smokers. In addition, they had a higher prevalence of hypertension and valvular heart disease. Patients with low education attainment also had lower physical and mental component scores (PCS, 50.5 ± 6.4 vs. 56.3 ± 7.8), (MSC, 48.4 ± 6.0 vs. 54.7 ± 5.6) but higher serum NT-proBNP levels (1148.6 ± 233.4 vs. 1050.8 ± 205.6 pg/mL). Significant differences in GDMT use at admission, discharge and follow-up were observed. In the unadjusted model, high education attainment was associated with 2-fold odds of GDMT use at discharge. With adjustment for covariates, the high education attainment group remained significantly associated with being 22% more likely to receive GMDT at discharge. Similar findings were observed in associations between high education attainment and GDMT use at follow-up. After adjustment for PCS and MCS, high education attainment was still significantly associated with GDMT use at follow-up, with odds ratio of 1.13 and a 95% confidence interval of 1.08-1.28. Conclusion: HFrEF patients are under-treated. Education attainment is significantly associated with GDMT use at discharge and follow-up.
RESUMEN
To demonstrate the trends of hypercholesterolemia change in Shenzhen, China from 1997 to 2018. Participants were residents aged 18 to 69 years in Shenzhen, China, and were recruited using multi-stage cluster sampling. All participants were surveyed about their socio-demographics, lifestyle, occupation, mental health, and social support. Physical measurements and blood samples for subsequent measurements were collected according to a standardized protocol. A total of 26,621 individuals participated in the three surveys with 8,266 in 1997, 8,599 in 2009, and 9,756 in 2018. In both women and men, there was a significant downward linear trend in age-adjusted mean high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) from 1997 to 2018 (women: 0.17 ± 0.06, p = 0.008 vs. men: 0.21 ± 0.04, p < 0.001). In contrast, the age-adjusted total triglycerides and total cholesterol in both sexes have demonstrated an increasing trend in the past two decades. However, no significant changes in age-adjusted low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) in both men and women between 2009 and 2018 were found (women: 0.00 ± 0.02, p = 0.85 vs. men 0.02 ± 0.03, p = 0.34). The age-adjusted prevalence of hypercholesterolemia observed a rapid rise from 1997 to 2009 and appeared to be stabilized in 2018, which was similar to the trend of the prevalence of high total triglycerides in women. Changes in trends were varied by different types of lipids traits. Over the observed decades, there was a clear increasing trend of prevalence of low HDL-C (<1.04 mmol/L) in both sexes (women: 8.8% in 1997 and doubled to reach 17.5% in 2018 vs. men was 22.1% in 1997 and increased to 39.1% in 2018), particularly among younger age groups. Hence, a bespoke public health strategy aligned with the characteristics of lipids epidemic considered by sex and age groups needs to be developed and implemented.
Asunto(s)
Hipercolesterolemia , Hipertrigliceridemia , China/epidemiología , Colesterol , HDL-Colesterol , Femenino , Humanos , Hipercolesterolemia/epidemiología , Hipertrigliceridemia/epidemiología , Masculino , TriglicéridosRESUMEN
Dendrobium officinale, a minor crop with medicinal and edible value, is increasingly consumed by people, but the pesticide residues on it have received little attention. In this work, field trials were conducted under good agricultural practice conditions to investigate the residues of chlorothalonil, SDS-3701, metalaxyl, and dimethomorph in D. officinale; then the evolution of these pesticides after household processing was studied. The results indicated that chlorothalonil, SDS-3701, metalaxyl, and dimethomorph were 2.41-30.12, 0.20-1.23, 0.07-0.80, and 0.19-7.90 mg kg-1 , respectively, in stems at recommended preharvest interval (30 days). Washing and soaking removed the pesticides in fresh stems with processing factors 0.41-1.14 and 0.12-1.13, respectively. In the brewing test, the transfer rates of pesticides in dry stems decreased from the first time (4.27-95.40%) to the third time (3.89-15.57%). Intake risk assessments were also conducted, and the risk quotients were no more than 27.02% for all compounds in different samples, which indicated acceptable risks for consumers. As effective risk-reducing home-processing methods, washing, soaking, and multiple brewing were suggested in this work, hoping to help consumers with diet safety.