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The outcomes of patients with sepsis are influenced by the contractile function of the right ventricle (RV), but the impact of cardiopulmonary interaction in ICU-mortality of sepsis patients remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the ICU-mortality impact of right ventricular-pulmonary artery (RV-PA) coupling in patients with sepsis. We employed echocardiography to assess patients with sepsis within the initial 24 h of their admission to the ICU. RV-PA coupling was evaluated using the tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) to pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) ratio. A total of 92 subjects were enrolled, with 55 survivors and 37 non-survivors. TAPSE/PASP ratio assessed mortality with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.766 (95% CI 0.670-0.862) and the optimal cutoff value was 0.495 mm/mmHg. We constructed a nomogram depicting the TAPSE/PASP in conjunction with IL-6 and Lac for the joint prediction of sepsis prognosis, and demonstrated the highest predictive capability (AUC = 0.878, 95% CI 0.809-0.948). In conclusion, the TAPSE/PASP ratio demonstrated prognostic value for ICU mortality in sepsis patients. The nomogram, which combines the TAPSE/PASP, IL-6, and LAC, demonstrated enhanced predictive efficacy for the prognosis of sepsis patients.
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Ecocardiografía , Ventrículos Cardíacos , Arteria Pulmonar , Sepsis , Humanos , Arteria Pulmonar/fisiopatología , Arteria Pulmonar/diagnóstico por imagen , Sepsis/mortalidad , Sepsis/fisiopatología , Sepsis/diagnóstico , Masculino , Femenino , Pronóstico , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano , Ventrículos Cardíacos/fisiopatología , Ventrículos Cardíacos/diagnóstico por imagen , Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos , Función Ventricular Derecha/fisiología , Mortalidad HospitalariaRESUMEN
Cancer immunotherapies are ineffective in nonresponding patients due to absence of immune responses. Here, we identified that dihydroartemisinin (DHA) induced immunogenic cell death (ICD) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), proved by release or surface expose of damage-associated molecular patterns and in vivo protective vaccine activity. Mechanistically, DHA can inhibit cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), leading to a buildup of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), which induces immunogenic cell death. In both Hepa1-6 and H22 tumor bearing mice, DHA exerted anti-tumor activity through increasing tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells with expression of activation makers (CD25 and CD69), secretion of intracellular cytokines (IFN-γ and TNF-α) and activated dendritic cells expressing MHCâ ¡, CD80 and CD86. In hepa1-6 tumor bearing mice, DHA decreased immunosuppressive myeloid-derived suppressor cells. Furthermore, DHA enhanced the anti-PD-1 antibody and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell-mediated tumor suppression through recruitment and activation of endogenous CD8+ T cells. Overall, we demonstrated that by inhibiting CDKs, DHA can remodel tumor micro-environment to amplify anti-tumor immune responses in HCC. These findings provide a promising therapy option for HCC patients.
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Artemisininas , Linfocitos T CD8-positivos , Carcinoma Hepatocelular , Quinasas Ciclina-Dependientes , Inmunoterapia , Neoplasias Hepáticas , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Microambiente Tumoral , Animales , Microambiente Tumoral/efectos de los fármacos , Microambiente Tumoral/inmunología , Artemisininas/farmacología , Artemisininas/uso terapéutico , Ratones , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/terapia , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/inmunología , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias Hepáticas/inmunología , Neoplasias Hepáticas/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias Hepáticas/terapia , Quinasas Ciclina-Dependientes/antagonistas & inhibidores , Quinasas Ciclina-Dependientes/metabolismo , Línea Celular Tumoral , Humanos , Inmunoterapia/métodos , Linfocitos T CD8-positivos/inmunología , Linfocitos T CD8-positivos/efectos de los fármacos , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno/metabolismo , Células Supresoras de Origen Mieloide/efectos de los fármacos , Células Supresoras de Origen Mieloide/inmunología , MasculinoRESUMEN
: CRISPR/Cas12a-based combinational screening has shown remarkable potential for identifying genetic interactions. Here, we describe an innovative method for combinational genetic screening with rapid construction of a dual-CRISPR RNA (crRNA) library using gene splicing through overlap extension PCR (SOE PCR) and the adoption of CeCas12a, which we previously identified with strict PAM recognition and low off-targeting to guarantee fidelity and efficiency. The custom-pooled SOE crRNA array (SOCA) library for double-knockout screening could be conveniently constructed in the laboratory for widespread use, and the CeCas12a-mediated high-fidelity screen displayed good performance even under a negative selection screen. By designing a SOCA dual-crRNA library that covered most of the kinase and metabolism-associated gene targets of FDA-approved drugs implicated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tumourigenesis, novel cross-talk between the two gene sets was negatively selected to inhibit HCC cell growth in vitro and in vivo and was validated using virtual double-knockdown screening based on TCGA databases. Thus, this rapid, efficient and high-fidelity double-knockout screening system is promising for systemically identifying potential genetic interactions between multiple gene sets or combinations of FDA- approved drugs for clinical translational medicine in the future.
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Sistemas CRISPR-Cas , Carcinoma Hepatocelular , Neoplasias Hepáticas , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/genética , Neoplasias Hepáticas/genética , Humanos , Sistemas CRISPR-Cas/genética , Animales , Pruebas Genéticas/métodosRESUMEN
Bio-cement is a green and energy-saving building material that has attracted much attention in the field of ecological environment and geotechnical engineering in recent years. The aim of this study is to investigate the use of bio-cement (enzyme-induced calcium carbonate precipitation-EICP) in combination with admixtures for the improvement of desert sands, which can effectively improve the mechanical properties of desert sands and is particularly suitable for sand-rich countries. In addition, the suitability of tap water in bio-cement was elucidated and the optimum ratio of each influencing factor when tap water is used as a solvent was derived. The results showed that peak values of unconfined compressive strength (maximum increase of about 130 times), shear strength (increase of 27.09%), calcium carbonate precipitation value (increase of about 4.39 times), and permeability (decrease of about 93.72 times) were obtained in the specimens modified by EICP combined with admixture as compared to the specimens modified by EICP only. The incorporation of skimmed milk powder, though significantly increasing the strength, is not conducive to cost control. The microscopic tests show that the incorporation of admixtures can provide nucleation sites for EICP, thus improving the properties of desert sand. This work can provide new research ideas for cross-fertilization between the disciplines of bio-engineering, ecology, and civil engineering.
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Carbonato de Calcio , Arena , Arena/química , Carbonato de Calcio/química , Materiales de Construcción , Clima Desértico , Fuerza CompresivaRESUMEN
While nickel-nitrilotriacetic acid (Ni-NTA) has greatly advanced recombinant protein purification, its limitations, including nonspecific binding and partial purification for certain proteins, highlight the necessity for additional purification such as size exclusion and ion exchange chromatography. However, specialized equipment such as FPLC is typically needed but not often available in many laboratories. Here, we show a novel method utilizing polyphosphate (polyP) for purifying proteins with histidine repeats via non-covalent interactions. Our study demonstrates that immobilized polyP efficiently binds to histidine-tagged proteins across a pH range of 5.5-7.5, maintaining binding efficacy even in the presence of reducing agent DTT and chelating agent EDTA. We carried out experiments of purifying various proteins from cell lysates and fractions post-Ni-NTA. Our results demonstrate that polyP resin is capable of further purification post-Ni-NTA without the need for specialized equipment and without compromising protein activity. This cost-effective and convenient method offers a viable approach as a complementary approach to Ni-NTA.
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Histidina , Polifosfatos , Histidina/química , Polifosfatos/química , Polifosfatos/metabolismo , Ácido Nitrilotriacético/química , Proteínas Recombinantes/química , Proteínas Recombinantes/aislamiento & purificación , Proteínas Recombinantes/metabolismo , Proteínas Recombinantes/genética , Humanos , Proteínas/química , Proteínas/aislamiento & purificaciónRESUMEN
Combined hyperlipidemia (CHL) manifests as elevated cholesterol and triglycerides, associated with fatty liver and cardiovascular diseases. Emerging evidence underscores the crucial role of the intestinal microbiota in metabolic disorders. However, the potential therapeutic viability of remodeling the intestinal microbiota in CHL remains uncertain. In this study, CHL was induced in low-density lipoprotein receptor-deficient (LDLR-/-) hamsters through an 8-week high-fat and high-cholesterol (HFHC) diet or a 4-month high-cholesterol (HC) diet. Placebo or antibiotics were administered through separate or cohousing approaches. Analysis through 16S rDNA sequencing revealed that intermittent antibiotic treatment and the cohousing approach effectively modulated the gut microbiota community without impacting its overall abundance in LDLR-/- hamsters exhibiting severe CHL. Antibiotic treatment mitigated HFHC diet-induced obesity, hyperglycemia, and hyperlipidemia, enhancing thermogenesis and alleviating nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), concurrently reducing atherosclerotic lesions in LDLR-/- hamsters. Metabolomic analysis revealed a favorable liver lipid metabolism profile. Increased levels of microbiota-derived metabolites, notably butyrate and glycylglycine, also ameliorated NASH and atherosclerosis in HFHC diet-fed LDLR-/- hamsters. Notably, antibiotics, butyrate, and glycylglycine treatment exhibited protective effects in LDLR-/- hamsters on an HC diet, aligning with outcomes observed in the HFHC diet scenario. Our findings highlight the efficacy of remodeling gut microbiota through antibiotic treatment and cohousing in improving obesity, NASH, and atherosclerosis associated with refractory CHL. Increased levels of beneficial microbiota-derived metabolites suggest a potential avenue for microbiome-mediated therapies in addressing CHL-associated diseases.
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The CRISPR-associated endonuclease Cas12a has become a powerful genome-editing tool in biomedical research due to its ease of use and low off-targeting. However, the size of Cas12a severely limits clinical applications such as adeno-associated virus (AAV)-based gene therapy. Here, we characterized a novel compact Cas12a ortholog, termed EbCas12a, from the metagenome-assembled genome of a currently unclassified Erysipelotrichia. It has the PAM sequence of 5'-TTTV-3' (V = A, G, C) and the smallest size of approximately 3.47 kb among the Cas12a orthologs reported so far. In addition, enhanced EbCas12a (enEbCas12a) was also designed to have comparable editing efficiency with higher specificity to AsCas12a and LbCas12a in mammalian cells at multiple target sites. Based on the compact enEbCas12a, an all-in-one AAV delivery system with crRNA for Cas12a was developed for both in vitro and in vivo applications. Overall, the novel smallest high-fidelity enEbCas12a, this first case of the all-in-one AAV delivery for Cas12a could greatly boost future gene therapy and scientific research.
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Sistemas CRISPR-Cas , Dependovirus , Edición Génica , Vectores Genéticos , Dependovirus/genética , Humanos , Edición Génica/métodos , Vectores Genéticos/genética , Animales , Células HEK293 , Terapia Genética/métodos , Proteínas Asociadas a CRISPR/metabolismo , Proteínas Asociadas a CRISPR/genética , Ratones , Endodesoxirribonucleasas/metabolismo , Endodesoxirribonucleasas/genética , Proteínas Bacterianas/genética , Proteínas Bacterianas/metabolismoRESUMEN
Tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum), a high-value crop, exhibit a unique relationship with salt, where increased levels of NaCl can enhance flavor, aroma and nutritional quality but can cause oxidative damage and reduce yields. A drive for larger, better-looking tomatoes has reduced the importance of salt sensitivity, a concern considering that the sodium content of agricultural land is increasing over time. Currently, there are no simple ways of comparing salt tolerance between plants, where a holistic approach looking at [Na+] throughout the plant typically involves destructive, single time point measurements or expensive imaging techniques. Finding methods that collect rapid information in real time could improve the understanding of salt resistance in the field. Here we investigate the uptake of NaCl by tomatoes using TETRIS (Time-resolved Electrochemical Technology for plant Root environment In situ chemical Sensing), a platform used to measure chemical signals in the root area of living plants. Low-cost, screen-printed electrochemical sensors were used to measure changes in salt concentration via electrical impedance measurements, facilitating the monitoring of the uptake of ions by roots. We not only demonstrated differences in the rate of uptake of NaCl between tomato seedlings under different growth conditions, but also showed differences in uptake between varieties of tomato with different NaCl sensitivities and the relatively salt-resistant "wild tomato" (Solanum pimpinellifolium) sister species. Our results suggest that TETRIS could be used to ascertain physiological traits of salt resistance found in adult plants but at the seedling stage of growth. This extrapolation, and the possibility to multiplex and change sensor configuration, could enable high-throughput screening of many hundreds or thousands of mutants or varieties.
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The 2-(2-aminophenyl)naphthalene molecule attracted much attention due to excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) from an amino NH2 group to a carbon atom of an adjacent aromatic ring. The ESIPT mechanisms of 2-(2-aminophenyl)naphthalene are still unclear. Herein, the decay pathways of this molecule in vacuum were investigated by combining static electronic structure calculations and nonadiabatic dynamics simulations. The calculations indicated the existence of two stable structures (S0-1 and S0-2) in the S0 and S1 states. For the S0-1 isomer, upon excitation to the Franck-Condon point, the system relaxed to the S1 minimum quickly, and then there exist four decay pathways (two ESIPT ones and two decay channels with C atom pyramidalization). In the ESIPT decay pathways, the system encounters the S1S0-PT-1 or S1S0-PT-2 conical intersection, which funnels the system rapidly to the S0 state. In the other two pathways, the system de-excited from the S1 to the S0 state via the S1S0-1 or S1S0-2 conical intersection. For the S0-2 structure, the decay pathways were similar to those of S0-1. The dynamics simulations showed that 75 and 69% of trajectories experienced the two ESIPT conical intersections for the S0-1 and S0-2 structures, respectively. Our simulations showed that the lifetime of the S1 state of S0-1 (S0-2) is estimated to be 358 (400) fs. Notably, we not only found the detailed reaction mechanism of the system but also found that the different ground-state configurations of this system have little effect on the reaction mechanism in vacuum.
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The current challenge in effectively treating atrial fibrillation (AF) stems from a limited understanding of the intricate structure of the human atria. The objective and quantitative interpretation of the right atrium (RA) in late gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (LGE-MRI) scans relies heavily on its precise segmentation. Leveraging the potential of artificial intelligence (AI) for RA segmentation presents a promising solution. However, the successful implementation of AI in this context necessitates access to a substantial volume of annotated LGE-MRI images for model training. In this paper, we present a comprehensive 3D cardiac dataset comprising 50 high-resolution LGE-MRI scans, each meticulously annotated at the pixel level. The annotation process underwent rigorous standardization through crowdsourcing among a panel of medical experts, ensuring the accuracy and consistency of the annotations. Our dataset represents a significant contribution to the field, providing a valuable resource for advancing RA segmentation methods.
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Fibrilación Atrial , Atrios Cardíacos , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Humanos , Inteligencia Artificial , Fibrilación Atrial/patología , Gadolinio , Atrios Cardíacos/diagnóstico por imagen , Atrios Cardíacos/patología , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética/métodosRESUMEN
Weeding is a key link in agricultural production. Intelligent mechanical weeding is recognized as environmentally friendly, and it profoundly alleviates labor intensity compared with manual hand weeding. While intelligent mechanical weeding can be implemented only when a large number of disciplines are intersected and integrated. This article reviewed two important aspects of intelligent mechanical weeding. The first one was detection technology for crops and weeds. The contact sensors, non-contact sensors and machine vision play pivotal roles in supporting crop detection, which are used for guiding the movements of mechanical weeding executive parts. The second one was mechanical weeding executive part, which include hoes, spring teeth, fingers, brushes, swing and rotational executive parts, these parts were created to adapt to different soil conditions and crop agronomy. It is a fact that intelligent mechanical weeding is not widely applied yet, this review also analyzed the related reasons. We found that compared with the biochemical sprayer, intelligent mechanical weeding has two inevitable limitations: The higher technology cost and lower working efficiency. And some conclusions were commented objectively in the end.
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Mono-dimensional fiber-based electronics can effectively address the growing demand for improved wearable electronic devices because of their exceptional flexibility and stretchability. For practical applications, functional fiber electronic devices need to be integrated into more powerful and versatile systems to execute complex tasks that cannot be completed by single-fiber devices. Existing techniques, such as printing and sintering, reduce the flexibility and cause low connection strength of fiber-based electronic devices because of the high curvature of the fiber. Here, we outline a twisting fabrication process for fiber electrodes, which can be woven into functional threads and integrated within textiles. The design of the twisted thread structure for fiber devices ensures stable interfacing and good flexibility, while the textile structure features easily accessible, interlaced points for efficient circuit connections. Electronic textiles can be customized to act as displays, health monitors and power sources. We detail three main fabrication sections, including the fabrication of the fiber electrodes, their twisting into electronic threads and their assembly into functional textile-based devices. The procedures require ~10 d and are easily reproducible by researchers with expertise in fabricating energy and electronic devices.
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Electrodos , Diseño de Equipo , Textiles , Dispositivos Electrónicos Vestibles , Electrónica/instrumentaciónRESUMEN
Atherigona orientalis Schiner (1868) is an acknowledged agricultural pest owing to its feeding habits and breeding locations. This insect is a tropical and subtropical pest in fruits and vegetables, in which >50 varieties of fruits and vegetables in 26 families, such as Capsicum annuum, Lycopersicon esculentum, and Cucumis melo have been attacked. Moreover, A. orientalis may also develop in rotten crops and feces or insect carcasses, which are also considered one kind of sanitary pest and medical insect. At present, the invasion ranges of A. orientalis are still increasing and more preventive and management measures are to be processed. To gain a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in olfactory reception in A. orientalis, the transcriptome of male and female antennae and legs was systematically analyzed. In total, 131 chemosensory-related genes, including 63 odorant receptors (ORs), 20 gustatory receptors (GRs), 18 ionotropic receptors (IRs), 27 odorant binding proteins (OBPs), 1 chemosensory protein (CSP), and 2 sensory neuron membrane proteins (SNMPs), were identified. The analysis focused on obtaining expression information of candidate olfactory genes at the transcriptomic level by examining the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in all samples. Totally, 41 DEGs were identified between male antennae (MA) and female antennae (FA), including 32 ORs, 5 OBPs, 1 IR, 2 GRs and 1 SNMP. In MA versus male legs (ML), 78 DEGs were identified (45 ORs, 18 OBPs, 6 GRs, 6 IRs, 1 CSP and 2 SNMPs). In FA and female legs (FL), 96 DEGs were identified (51 ORs, 21 OBPs, 9 GRs, 12 IRs, 1 CSP and 2 SNMPs). For ML and FL, 3 DEGs were identified, including 2 ORs and 1 SNMP. Our results supplement valuable insights for future research on the chemoreception mechanisms in A. orientalis.
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Antenas de Artrópodos , Perfilación de la Expresión Génica , Proteínas de Insectos , Receptores Odorantes , Transcriptoma , Masculino , Femenino , Animales , Antenas de Artrópodos/metabolismo , Proteínas de Insectos/genética , Receptores Odorantes/genética , Extremidades , Genes de InsectoRESUMEN
Growth is a crucial economic trait of all aquaculture species. It is important to explore the molecular regulation on growth, which could help improve the growth rate of species. Mining the growth-related genes is the foundation for revealing its molecular regulation on growth. Presently, the molecular regulation of growth in Procambarus clarkii is not clear, and the study on exploring growth-related genes is limited. In this study, RNA-Seq was used to compare gene expression profiles of the individuals with different growth rates involved in four groups including Big Male (BM), Big Female (BF), Small male (SM), and Small Female (SF) from one P. clarkii family, and the analyses were performed in combination with sex. Meanwhile, whole-genome resequencing data was used to get growth-specific SNP (Single Nucleotide Polymorphism)/InDel (Insertion/Deletion) sites information. Totally, we identified 16,127 genes, of which 9065 were successfully annotated in the GO database. Among these, 1328 DEGs were identified in BM vs. SM, with 357 up-regulated and 971 down-regulated. Additionally, 3507 DEGs were identified in BF vs. SF, with 241 up-regulated and 3266 down-regulated. 96 DEGs were up-regulated and 820 DEGs were down-regulated in Growth-related Group. The expression levels of nine DEGs were validated by RT-qPCR to verify the analysis results of sequencing. 684,040 growth-related SNPs and 182,050 growth-related InDels were obtained after screened. These findings provide candidate growth-related genes and growth-specific SNP/InDel sites for regulation of growth traits in P. clarkii, and new insight into the molecular regulation of P. clarkii growth.
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Perfilación de la Expresión Génica , Transcriptoma , Humanos , Femenino , Masculino , Animales , Astacoidea/genética , Genoma , RNA-SeqRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: This study assessed the predictive value of electrical activity of the diaphragm (EAdi) and the EAdi-derived monitoring index in the prognosis of patients with severe cerebral hemorrhage. METHODS: Ninety patients with severe cerebral hemorrhage were admitted to the Neurosurgery Intensive Care Unit of Yijishan Hospital from April 2019 to June 2021 and were divided into the good prognosis group (Glasgow Outcome Scale [GOS] ≥ 4) and poor prognosis group (GOS ≤ 3). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and area under the curve (AUC) were used to evaluate prediction accuracy. RESULTS: EAdi, neuro-ventilatory efficiency (NVE), and neuro-muscular efficiency (NME) in patients with good prognosis were significantly higher than those in patients with poor prognosis (4.707 µV vs 2.80 µV, P < 0.001; 141.85 ml/µV vs 66.01 ml/µV, P = 0.000; 2.57 cm H2O/µV vs 1.37 cm H2O/µV, P = 0.000). The area under the ROC curve for the EAdi score was 0.719, with sensitivity of 69.70% and specificity of 68.42% when EAdi was 3.6 µV. The AUC for NVE score was 0.793, with sensitivity of 75.76% and specificity of 75.44% when the NVE value was 95.32 ml/µV. The AUC for NME score was 0.792, with sensitivity of 69.70% and specificity of 78.95% when the NME value was 2.06 H2O/µV. The 6-month survival time of patients with higher EAdi, NVE, and NME was significantly longer than that of patients with lower EAdi, NVE, and NME CONCLUSION: EAdi, NVE, and NME can be used as indices for predicting the prognosis of patients with severe cerebral hemorrhage. TRIAL REGISTRATION NO: ChiCTR1900022861. Registered April 28, 2019, http://www.chictr.org.cn .
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Soporte Ventilatorio Interactivo , Humanos , Diafragma , Pronóstico , Curva ROC , Hemorragia Cerebral/diagnóstico , Hemorragia Cerebral/terapiaRESUMEN
We proposed a bi-functional switchable metasurface based on vanadium dioxide (VO2) and photosensitive silicon. The metasurface functions as a transmissive polarization converter in its insulating state with asymmetric transmission characteristics. It attains a remarkable polarization conversion rate (PCR) surpassing 90% and a notable maximum asymmetric transmission (AT) parameter value of 0.73. This performance is observed within the frequency range from 4.31 to 7.86 THz. Dynamic regulation of PCR and AT can be achieved by adjusting the conductivity of photosensitive silicon. To illustrate the underlying factor behind the broadband polarization conversion, the surface current distribution is analyzed at 5.96 THz and 6.08 THz. On the other hand, when VO2is in the metallic state, the metasurface transforms into a bidirectional absorber with near-perfect absorption in both illumination directions. Under forward incidence of terahertz waves, the absorption rates for the transverse electric and transverse magnetic waves are 99.3% at 3.54 THz and 93% at 3.56 THz, respectively. The physical mechanism of near-perfect absorption is explained using impedance matching theory and the electric field distribution. This research expands the applications of transmissive polarization converters within multifunctional metasurfaces, providing new avenues for their practical implementation.
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Traditional single-point measurements fail to capture dynamic chemical responses of plants, which are complex, nonequilibrium biological systems. We report TETRIS (time-resolved electrochemical technology for plant root environment in situ chemical sensing), a real-time chemical phenotyping system for continuously monitoring chemical signals in the often-neglected plant root environment. TETRIS consisted of low-cost, highly scalable screen-printed electrochemical sensors for monitoring concentrations of salt, pH, and H2O2 in the root environment of whole plants, where multiplexing allowed for parallel sensing operation. TETRIS was used to measure ion uptake in tomato, kale, and rice and detected differences between nutrient and heavy metal ion uptake. Modulation of ion uptake with ion channel blocker LaCl3 was monitored by TETRIS and machine learning used to predict ion uptake. TETRIS has the potential to overcome the urgent "bottleneck" in high-throughput screening in producing high-yielding plant varieties with improved resistance against stress.
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Peróxido de Hidrógeno , Metales , Plantas , Aprendizaje Automático , Raíces de PlantasRESUMEN
Dental pulp injury remains a clinical challenge with limited therapeutic approaches. In the present study, we sought to prove that dental pulp stromal cells (DPSCs) mitochondrial transfer could promote dental pulp injury repair and endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-mitochondrial contacts have a significant regulatory effect on mitochondrial transfer. Healthy DPSCs were co-cultured directly or indirectly with injured DPSCs in the first molar of 1-2 month SD rats or in vitro. Mitochondrial transfer was observed after 24 h of co-culture using fluorescence microscopy and live cell workstation. After co-culture for 1W, 8-OhdG immunofluorescence, mitochondrial membrane potential and total oxidant status/total antioxidant status were used to detect the mitochondrial function of injured DPSCs before and after mitochondrial transfer. Subsequently, mitochondria-ER co-transfer was regulated by modulating mitochondria-ER binding in healthy DPSCs, and the results of GRP78 and CHOP in DPSCs, and PDI immunofluorescence and haematoxylin and eosin staining of pulp tissue were analysed to clarify the effects of modulating mitochondria-ER co-transfer on endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS), and on pulp injury repair. Fluorescence microscopy and live cell workstation results showed significant mitochondrial transfer between DPSCs. Meanwhile, mitochondrial transfer significantly restored mitochondrial function in injured DPSCs. By modulating mitochondrial-ER binding, the efficiency of mitochondrial transfer between DPSCs was significantly affected and had an impact on ERS in injured cells. Mitochondrial transfer of DPSCs significantly promotes pulpal injury repair and functional recovery of damaged DPSCs, and mitochondrial transfer of DPSCs is regulated by mitochondria-ER binding.
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Pulpa Dental , Células Madre , Ratas , Animales , Células Cultivadas , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Células del Estroma , Retículo Endoplásmico , Diferenciación Celular , Proliferación CelularRESUMEN
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory disease associated with immune dysfunction. High levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) can lead to oxidative stress, release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and T-cell differentiation, thereby promoting the onset and worsening of AD. In this study, we innovatively used quaternary ammonium chitosan (QCS) and tannic acid (TA) as raw materials to design and prepare a therapeutic hydrogel(H-MnO2-Gel) loaded with hollow manganese dioxide nanoparticles (H-MnO2 NPs). In this system, the hydrogel is mainly cross-linked by dynamic ion and hydrogen bonding between QCS and TA, resulting in excellent moisture retention properties. Moreover, due to the inherent antioxidant properties of QCS/TA, as well as the outstanding H2O2 scavenging ability of H-MnO2 NPs, the hydrogel exhibits significant ROS scavenging capability. In vitro experiments have shown that H-MnO2-Gel exhibits good cellular biocompatibility. Importantly, in an AD-induced mouse model, H-MnO2-Gel significantly enhanced therapeutic effects by reducing epidermal thickness, mast cell number, and IgE antibodies. These findings suggest that H-MnO2-Gel, by effectively clearing ROS and regulating the inflammatory microenvironment, provides a promising approach for the treatment of AD.
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Quitosano , Dermatitis Atópica , Ratones , Animales , Dermatitis Atópica/tratamiento farmacológico , Dermatitis Atópica/inducido químicamente , Óxidos/farmacología , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno , Compuestos de Manganeso/farmacología , Quitosano/uso terapéutico , Peróxido de Hidrógeno , Hidrogeles/uso terapéutico , Inflamación/tratamiento farmacológicoRESUMEN
In this paper, we propose a dual-operating mode metasurface based on graphene and vanadium dioxide (VO2), which can switch operating modes by changing the temperature. At room temperature (25 °C), the metasurface can generates a polarization-insensitive electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT)-like effect that can be modulated by changing the Fermi energy level (EF) of graphene (through adding external voltage). In addition, the theoretical results derived from the two-particle model are in good agreement with the simulation results based on the finite element method. At high temperature (68 °C), the metasurface mode of operation can be changed to a dual-band absorber, providing absorption of 78.6% and 99.9% at 1.13 THz and 2.16 THz, respectively. Both absorption peaks can be dynamically tuned by changing theEFof graphene. The metasurface is also simultaneously polarization insensitive and has a wide incidence angle. The proposed metasurface can be used as a slow light device with a maximum group delay of 0.5 ps at room temperature and as a refractive index sensor with a maximum sensitivity of 0.5 THz/RIU at high temperature. The designed metasurface offers a new way for designing multifunctional terahertz devices, slow light devices, and refractive index sensors.