[Enthalpies: Evidence and theory applied to sterilization practice]. / Base de données Enthalpies : évidence et théorie appliquée à la pratique en stérilisation.

OBJECTIVES: In order to share their knowledge, sterilization unit managers publish the results of their work in journals or at scientific conferences. The aim of Enthalpies is to list all such work in a single database. The work presented describes the construction of this database and the assessment of its feasibility for the washing step. METHODS: The first step was to carry out a literature review. Only articles published over 10years (2013-2023) in connection with the ten-year washing stage were included. Then, each publication was categorized, coded, graded and summarized by a pharmacist-internal pair. All this data was collated in an Excel® spreadsheet, and from the data categorization a tree structure was created, enabling the interface between the user and the platform hosting Enthalpies to be understood. RESULTS: Eighty-one publications were identified. These were categorized into 6 themes and 27 sub-themes. A reading grid was drawn up for each publication. Genially®, an online platform, was chosen to host our database. CONCLUSION: Enthalpies was not designed to issue recommendations for best practice. However, by collating published scientific data, this tool can be used to assist decision-making. It represents an innovative solution for providing a literature review in the field of hospital sterilization.

[French national standard for the treatment of squamous cell carcinoma of upper aero-digestive tract - General principles of treatment]. / Référentiel national de traitement des carcinomes épidermoïdes des voies aérodigestives supérieures ­ Principes généraux de traitement.

OBJECTIVES: The management of upper aerodigestive tract cancers is a complex specialty. It is essential to provide an update to establish optimal care. At the initiative of the INCa and under the auspices of the SFORL, the scientific committee, led by Professor Béatrix Barry, Dr. Gilles Dolivet, and Dr. Dominique De Raucourt, decided to develop a reference framework aimed at defining, in a scientific and consensus-based manner, the general principles of treatment for upper aerodigestive tract cancers applicable to all sub-locations. METHODOLOGY: To develop this framework, a multidisciplinary team of practitioners was formed. A systematic analysis of the literature was conducted to produce recommendations classified by grades, in accordance with the standards of the French National Authority for Health (HAS). RESULTS: The grading of recommendations according to HAS standards has allowed the establishment of a reference for patient care based on several criteria. In this framework, patients benefit from differentiated care based on prognostic factors they present (age, comorbidities, TNM status, HPV status, etc.), conditions of implementation, and quality criteria for indicated surgery (operability, resectability, margin quality, mutilation, salvage surgery), as well as quality criteria for radiotherapy (target volume, implementation time, etc.). The role of medical and postoperative treatments was also evaluated based on specific criteria. Finally, supportive care must be organized from the beginning and throughout the patients' care journey. CONCLUSION: All collected data have led to the development of a comprehensive framework aimed at harmonizing practices nationally, facilitating decision-making in multidisciplinary consultation meetings, promoting equality in practices, and providing a state-of-the-art and reference practices for assessing the quality of care. This new framework is intended to be updated every 5 years to best reflect the latest advances in the field.

The Experience of Pregnancy-Related Lumbopelvic Pain: A Qualitative Evidence Synthesis.

Background. Pregnancy-related lumbopelvic pain is common and can impact quality of life. Purpose. To synthesize existing qualitative research on people's experiences of pregnancy-related lumbopelvic pain in pregnancy and during the postpartum period. Method. A keyword search of four electronic databases between 2000 and 2022 was completed. Included studies were appraised and synthesized using a meta-ethnographic approach. Findings. Twenty-three studies were included. Analysis identified four core themes: (1) uncertainties about pregnancy-related lumbopelvic pain, (2) struggles to attain achieve treatment and pain management, (3) profound activity consequences, and (4) emotional wellbeing, relationship, and identity impacts of pregnancy-related lumbopelvic pain. Implications. The occupational therapy role with this population has not to our knowledge yet been described. Given the centrality of occupational disruption to the experience of this population we argue that developing and evaluating occupational therapy interventions to address functional, work, parenting and wellbeing outcomes for this population is warranted and should be prioritized.

Anatomy of the biceps brachii osseous footprint: study of 100 radii and literature review.

Biceps brachii (BB) tendon rupture is frequent in young males and may require surgical repair. Non-anatomic reinsertion leads to loss of strength in supination. The main aim of the present study was to describe the anatomy of the osseous footprint of the distal BB tendon. The dimensions of the footprint of the distal BB insertion were analyzed in 100 dry cadaver radii, using MicroScribe 3D software. Insertion area, assimilated to an ellipse, was calculated from 4 points (medial, lateral, cranial and caudal) determining the two axes of the ellipse. Mean footprint length, width and area were 18 mm (range, 7-24 mm), 9 mm (range, 4-15 mm), and 129 mm2 (range, 46-266 mm²), respectively. Intra- and inter-observer correlation coefficients were satisfactory: κ = 0.75 and κ = 0.7, respectively. The present study reported BB footprint dimensions in 100 radii, providing a basis to guide surgical treatment of distal BB tendon rupture. Non-anatomical restoration of the BB tendon footprint leads to poorer clinical and biomechanical results; precise knowledge of the footprint is necessary for anatomical repair.

[Impact of adapted physical activity on joint pain induced under adjuvant hormone therapy for breast cancer: A review of the literature]. / Impact de l'activité physique adaptée sur les douleurs articulaires induites sous hormonothérapie adjuvante du cancer du sein : une revue de la littérature.

Hormone therapy provides an excellent survival rate after cancer but has many side effects, including joint pain in one out of two women. This leads about 13 % of women to stop their treatment within the first 6 months, impacting on its effectiveness, survival and the risk of recurrence. In order to better manage pain and quality of life, physical activity is highly recommended. In this context, the present review proposes a state of the art on the effects of adapted physical activity, based on the works referenced in PubMed. These studies show that physical activity has proved its worth in the primary prevention of cancer and is being evaluated in secondary prevention, particularly in the reduction of adverse effects. Overall, there is a reduction in joint pain, an improvement in quality of life and fatigue. Physical activity also plays a role in tertiary prevention. Paradoxically, oncologists and educators often note a reduction in the practice of physical activity due to fear of the onset of pain. It seems necessary to reinforce communication with patients and health professionals and to recommend the practice of physical activity in an appropriate setting.

[Comparison of mortality of lung cancer resections in France to other European countries]. / Comparaison de la mortalité des résections pulmonaires en France aux autres pays Européens.

BACKGROUND: France is characterized by the dispersion of its technical surgical platforms, and it seemed interesting for us to obtain information on quality of care compared to other European countries, which often have different organizations and practices. The objective of the study was to compare the 30-day mortality of patients operated on for bronchial cancer in France with that of other European countries. METHOD: We conducted a literature review on practices in different European countries. The terms used for the selection were: lung cancer surgery, 30-day mortality in different hospitals in European countries. RESULTS: We selected 9 articles corresponding to 9 European countries. The correlation coefficient between the number of lung resections per year and the population of the country was 0.967. The linear regression model between number of annual lung resections and population showed that except for Great Britain, most of the countries were close to the linear regression line. Germany and France had a mortality rate of 2.887% and 2.937% respectively, whereas the average is 2.13%. Following sensitivity analysis, the mortality rates for Germany and France remained higher than the average. CONCLUSION: France is among the European countries with the highest postoperative mortality rates. These results should induce surgical teams to adopt quality-of-care measures focusing on outcome analysis.

Effets d'un programme de développement des compétences psychosociales en milieu scolaire : Le PROgramme de Développement Affectif et Social (PRODAS) : Revue de la littérature.

OBJECTIF: Le Programme de Développement Affectif et Social (PRODAS) est un programme de développement des compétences psychosociales des enfants ou adolescents mis en œuvre depuis 2005 en milieu scolaire par une association française (le Planning familial). L'objectif de cet article était de synthétiser les connaissances sur les effets de ce programme, afin de contribuer à l'étude de sa transférabilité. MÉTHODES: La revue de littérature réalisée a porté sur des études datant de 1970 à 2017. Ont été interrogées les bases de données : ScienceDirect, PsycNET, ERIC, PsycINFO, erudit, ISIDOR, Cochrane. Les mots clés utilisés étaient « Human Development Program ¼ ou « PRODAS ¼. RÉSULTATS: Une amélioration, le plus souvent significative, des compétences émotionnelles et sociales des enfants et des adolescents était rapportée. Une relation de type dose-effet était également suggérée par certains résultats. Peu de données étaient disponibles chez les jeunes enfants (école maternelle) et aucune étude n'explorait les effets du programme à long terme. CONCLUSION: Cette synthèse a permis de mettre en lumière les principaux effets du PRODAS. Toutefois, considérant que ce programme est un des seuls à s'adresser aux enfants dès 4 ans en France, de futures études portant sur des enfants d'écoles maternelles, avec un suivi à long terme, seraient utiles pour compléter les données sur l'efficacité d'un tel programme.

[Roles and impacts of the pharmacist in the management of insomnia: A literature review]. / Rôles et impacts du pharmacien dans la prise en charge de l'insomnie : une revue de la littérature.

BACKGROUND: Insomnia is a common sleep disorder that affects a large portion of the population in a situational, recurrent, or chronic way. In Canada, it is estimated that 13% of the population suffers from it. OBJECTIVE: The primary objective of this literature review is to identify and describe studies dealing with the role and impact of the management of insomnia by a pharmacist. METHOD: PubMed®, EMBASE® and CINALH Complete were searched to extract articles published between January 1st, 1990 and May 28, 2020. Studies on the role and impact of management of insomnia by a pharmacist, in French and English, descriptive or quantitative, with or without control group were included. Articles that did not deal with insomnia as the primary topic or where insomnia is a secondary condition were excluded, conference abstracts and studies showing no concrete results. The following variables were extracted: author, type of study, duration, location, sample size and characteristics of participants, description of pharmacist interventions, limits and biases, outcomes assessed and results. The quality of the pharmacists' interventions description was evaluated with DEPICT2. RESULTS: Our review identified eight articles published from 2006 to 2018 evaluating 14 types of outcomes and 41 separate outcomes. A total of 37% (7/19) of the quantitative outcomes had statistically significant positive results, regarding insomnia qualification, symptoms and adequate use. Six studies were conducted in community pharmacy. The quality score varied between 8 and 10 out of 11. CONCLUSION: There is little data on the role and impact of the management of insomnia by a pharmacist. The pharmacist can have a positive impact, particularly when practicing in a community pharmacy. Given the limited data and the prevalence of insomnia, it appears relevant to invest in pharmaceutical evaluative research for this condition.

[Evaluation of the ethics of pharmaceutical practice: A literature review]. / Évaluation de l'éthique des pratiques pharmaceutiques : une revue de la littérature.

INTRODUCTION: Ethics are at the heart of pharmacy practice. METHOD: This is a literature review. The main objective is to carry out a review of studies relating on the evaluation of ethics in pharmacy practice. Documentary research on Pubmed was carried out from 1990 to 2020. All studies relating to pharmaceutical ethics that may be applied to the pharmacy practice in pharmacies or in health establishments and that conducted a qualitative or quantitative evaluation of pharmaceutical ethics (e.g. surveying pharmacists or pharmacy students, using a measurement tool, quantifying or qualifying a perception or behaviour) were included. RESULTS: The studies come mainly from Anglo-Saxon countries (29/38). Studies related to pharmacy practice, mainly target pharmacists (n=27) and pharmacy students (n=16), and more often have a quantitative component of (n=28). The main ethical dilemmas observed dealt with emergency oral contraception (EOC), voluntary termination of pregnancy with drugs, euthanasia, commercial practices of the pharmaceutical industry, refusal to dispense a prescription in a broader context and plagiarism or dishonesty in academic settings. CONCLUSION: Few studies have been conducted on the review of ethics of pharmacy practices from 1990 to 2020. Pharmacy students and practicing pharmacists are regularly exposed to ethical dilemmas and respond to these dilemmas with due consideration, taking into account six principles, eight values and other factors. Exposure to these dilemmas creates inaction, stress and distress. A few possible solutions have been identified.

[Physical activity after breast cancer diagnosis and survival: A systematic review]. / Activité physique après diagnostic de cancer du sein et survie : revue de la littérature.

INTRODUCTION: The benefits of physical activity (PA) in breast cancer are currently recognized in primary prevention. The World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF) and then the National Cancer Institute (INCa) have reported conflicting results regarding the impact of post-diagnosis PA on breast cancer outcomes. The aim of this systematic review is to assess the association between PA after breast cancer diagnosis and overall mortality, specific mortality and risk of breast cancer recurrence in the literature. METHODS: Randomized trials, prospective cohorts and meta-analyses studying post-diagnosis PA and overall mortality, breast cancer mortality or risk of recurrence after breast cancer published between January 1, 2014 and October 1, 2019 were included. The articles selected by the INCa report prior to 2014 were included in the literature review. RESULTS: Eighteen articles have been selected. Studies unanimously concluded that overall mortality was reduced by post-diagnosis PA practice. For specific mortality, 5 meta-analyses showed a significant decrease in breast cancer mortality and 2 found a decrease in the risk of recurrence. CONCLUSION: Post-diagnosis PA reduces overall mortality and appears to impact specific breast cancer mortality and risk of recurrence. However, these results need to be confirmed by larger randomized trials.

[CNGOF-SFT Expert Report and Guidelines for Smoking Management during Pregnancy-Short Text]. / Rapport d'experts et recommandations CNGOF-SFT sur la prise en charge du tabagisme en cours de grossesse­texte court.

OBJECTIVES: To provide up-to-date evidence-based guidelines for the management of smoking cessation during pregnancy. METHODS: Systematic review of the international literature. We identified papers published between January 2003 and April 2019 in Cochrane PubMed, and Embase databases with predefined keywords. All reports published in French and English relevant to the areas of focus were included and classified according the level of evidence ranging from 1 (highest) to 4 (lowest). The strength of the recommendations was classified according to the Haute Autorité de santé, France (ranging from A, highest to C, lowest). RESULTS: "Counseling", involving globally all kind of non-pharmacological interventions, has a modest benefit on smoking cessation, birth weight and prematurity. Moderate physical activity did not show a significant effect on smoking cessation. The systematic use of feedback by measuring the expired air carbon monoxide concentration do not influence smoking abstinence but it may be used in establishing a therapeutic alliance. The use of self-help interventions and health education are recommended in helping pregnant smokers quit. The prescription of nicotine replacement therapies (NRT) may be offered to any pregnant woman who has failed stopping smoking without medication This prescription can be initiated by the health care professional taking care of the pregnant woman in early pregnancy. There is no scientific evidence to propose the electronic cigarette for smoking cessation to pregnant smokers; it is recommended to provide the same advice and to use methods that have already been evaluated. The use of waterpipe (shisha/narghile) during pregnancy is associated with decreased fetal growth. It is recommended not to use waterpipe during pregnancy. Breastfeeding is possible in smokers, but less often initiated by them. Although its benefit for the child's development is not demonstrated to date, breastfeeding allows the mother to reduce or stop smoking. The risk of postpartum relapse is high (up to 82% at 1 year). The main factors associated with postpartum abstinence are breastfeeding, not having a smoker at home, and having no symptoms of postpartum depression. CONCLUSIONS: Smoking during pregnancy concerns more than hundred thousand women and their children per year in France. It is a major public health burden. Health care professionals should be mobilized for reducing or even eradicating it.

Self-Report Tools for Assessing Physical Activity in Community-Living Older Adults with Multiple Chronic Conditions: A Systematic Review of Psychometric Properties and Feasibility.

Identifier l'outil d'autodéclaration de l'activité physique (AP) le plus adapté pour l'évaluation de l'AP chez les personnes âgées vivant dans la communauté qui sont atteintes de multiples maladies chroniques (MMC). L'AP peut avoir une influence positive sur la santé physique et psychologique de cette population. Bien qu'il existe des outils d'auto-évaluation de l'AP, les propriétés psychométriques et la faisabilité de l'utilisation de ces outils chez les personnes âgées avec MMC sont peu connues. Une revue systématique des études publiées entre 2000 et 2018 portant sur les propriétés psychométriques et la faisabilité de 18 outils d'auto-évaluation élaborés pour les personnes âgées vivant en communauté (≥ 65 ans) a été réalisée en vue de déterminer leur pertinence pour les personnes âgées atteintes de MMC. L'évaluation des données disponibles sur les propriétés psychométriques et la faisabilité des 18 outils d'auto-évaluation de l'activité physique a permis d'établir que l'Échelle d'évaluation de l'activité physique chez les personnes âgées (Physical Activity Assessment Scale for the Elderly; PASE) est l'outil d'auto-évaluation le plus adapté, qui devrait être recommandé pour la population de personnes âgées avec MMC.The purpose of this study was to identify the self-report physical activity (PA) tool best suited for assessment of PA in community-dwelling older adults with multiple chronic conditions (MCC). PA can positively influence physical and psychological health in this population. Although self-report PA tools exist, little is known about the psychometric properties and feasibility of using these tools in older adults with MCC. A systematic literature review from 2000 to 2018 was conducted of studies reporting on the psychometric properties and feasibility of 18 self-report PA tools for community-dwelling older adults (≥ 65 years) to determine the suitability of these tools for use in older adults with MCC. Based on an assessment of the available evidence for the psychometric properties and feasibility of 18 different self-report PA tools, the Physical Activity Assessment Scale for the Elderly (PASE) is recommended as the best-suited self-report PA tool for older adults with MCC.

[Pervasive refusal syndrome in children]. / Le syndrome de refus global de l'enfant.

Pervasive refusal syndrome is a rare clinical disorder affecting children and teenagers. It is characterised by social withdrawal and opposition which significantly affects how patients function and their treatment. The twenty or so cases reported in literature help to specify the main diagnostic and therapeutic elements. Early recognition of pervasive refusal syndrome is essential in order to treat these young patients as effectively as possible.

[The oncology care pathway and its transitions, an exploratory literature review]. / La trajectoire de soins oncologiques et ses transitions, revue exploratoire de la littérature.

A literature review was undertaken to describe the experience of people with cancer with regard to the different transitions of their care pathway. It enables all these transitions to be identified, documented and mapped out. The aim is to improve the quality of the care provided to this vulnerable population, all along the pathway.

[Acellular dermal matrix and synthetic mesh in implant-based immediate breast reconstruction: Current concepts]. / Matrices dermiques acellulaires et matrices synthétiques : évolution des pratiques en reconstruction mammaire immédiate par prothèse.

The use of acellular dermal matrices and synthetic meshes is gaining popularity in direct-to-implant breast reconstruction, allowing the complete coverage of the prosthesis with greater pocket control and improved cosmesis. In this concise review, we present the advantages of acellular dermal matrices and resorbable or nonresorbable synthetic meshes in implant-based breast reconstruction, we discuss the risk of postoperative complications, and we raise their contribution in the growing interest of prepectoral breast reconstruction.

[State of play of teenage pregnancies]. / État des lieux des grossesses adolescentes.

Teenage pregnancy represents a global risk. In France, in 2016, 1.14% of pregnancies concerned 15-17 year olds. Rare in our societies, they are socially condemned. A medical-psychological-sociological literature review shows that, beyond the contraceptive failure or the accidental nature evoked, it is essential to spot high risk situations and focus on the meaning behind these teenage pregnancies.

[Diving and asthma: Literature review]. / Plongée sous-marine et asthme : revue de littérature.

INTRODUCTION: Scuba diving has long been contraindicated for asthmatics. Recommendations are evolving towards authorisation under certain conditions. Our objective was to review the literature on the risks associated with scuba diving among asthmatics and about recommendations on this subject. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We used the MEDLINE and LiSSa databases, until June 2018, in French, English or Spanish language, with the keywords "asthma AND diving" and "asthme plongée" respectively. References to the first degree were analyzed. RESULTS: We have included 65 articles. Risk of bronchospasm is well documented, particularly in cold and/or deep water, or in the event of exposure to allergens (compressor without filter). Nonasthmatic atopic divers may be at greater risk of developing bronchial hyper-reactivity. Although the theoretical risk exists, epidemiological studies do not seem to show an over-risk of barotrauma, decompression sickness or arterial gas embolism in asthmatics. French, British, American, Spanish and Australian societies agreed on the exclusion of patients with moderate to severe persistent asthma, FEV1<80%, active asthma in the last 48hours, exercise/cold asthma and poor physical fitness. CONCLUSION: A diver's examination should include a triple assessment: asthma control, number of exacerbations and treatment compliance. Homogenizing the recommendations would improve the framework for the practice of diving among asthmatics and allow larger studies in this population. Communicating the current recommendations remains important to divers, dive instructors and doctors in the context of the development of scuba diving.

Senior Centres in Canada and the United States: A Scoping Review.

ABSTRACTSenior centres have been identified as a "focal point" for delivering services to the rapidly growing older adult populations in Canada and the United States. Despite this important role, academic research studying senior centres has been limited. This scoping review identified English-language empirical research studies focusing on senior centres that were published in an academic journal in 2000 or later. A total of 58 studies were identified (n = 51 American and n = 7 Canadian). The majority of the articles focused on themes related to the participation of individuals at senior centres; a smaller number focused on themes related to the senior centre environment. Based on the findings, it is suggested that future research focus on benefits of senior centre programming, with specific focus on needs of baby boomers; key factors related to funding, space, and staffing; and the characteristics and role of senior centres in the Canadian context.

[Using cancer case identification algorithms in medico-administrative databases: Literature review and first results from the REDSIAM Tumors group based on breast, colon, and lung cancer]. / Recherche d'algorithmes d'identification des cancers dans les bases médico-administratives : premiers résultats des travaux du groupe REDSIAM Tumeurs sur les cancers du sein, du côlon-rectum et du poumon.

BACKGROUND: The development and use of healthcare databases accentuates the need for dedicated tools, including validated selection algorithms of cancer diseased patients. As part of the development of the French National Health Insurance System data network REDSIAM, the tumor taskforce established an inventory of national and internal published algorithms in the field of cancer. This work aims to facilitate the choice of a best-suited algorithm. METHOD: A non-systematic literature search was conducted for various cancers. Results are presented for lung, breast, colon, and rectum. Medline, Scopus, the French Database in Public Health, Google Scholar, and the summaries of the main French journals in oncology and public health were searched for publications until August 2016. An extraction grid adapted to oncology was constructed and used for the extraction process. RESULTS: A total of 18 publications were selected for lung cancer, 18 for breast cancer, and 12 for colorectal cancer. Validation studies of algorithms are scarce. When information is available, the performance and choice of an algorithm are dependent on the context, purpose, and location of the planned study. Accounting for cancer disease specificity, the proposed extraction chart is more detailed than the generic chart developed for other REDSIAM taskforces, but remains easily usable in practice. CONCLUSIONS: This study illustrates the complexity of cancer detection through sole reliance on healthcare databases and the lack of validated algorithms specifically designed for this purpose. Studies that standardize and facilitate validation of these algorithms should be developed and promoted.

Cell-assisted lipotransfer: Current concepts.

Autologous fat transfer, or lipofilling, is a common technique used for soft tissue reconstruction. It has been used for many years, but the technique is associated with a significant graft resorption rate (20% to 80%). To improve the fat graft survival rate, several methods have been tested, and one has appeared more promising: cell-assisted lipotransfer (CAL). In the CAL method, fat is enriched with adipose-derived stromal cells (ASC), contained in the stromal vascular fraction (SVF) obtained after enzymatic digestion of fat or after cell culture to improve the fat survival rate. In this concise review, we present the clinical indications, and the technical principles of CAL, as well as a presentation of ASC. To conclude, we present the main results (efficacy, complications and safety) obtained from different studies of this technique.