Isolated Tear of Coracobrachialis: An Unusual Presentation of Glenohumeral Internal Rotation Deficit.

An isolated injury to the coracobrachialis is an exceedingly uncommon occurrence, with only a handful of case reports documented in the literature. The majority of the reported cases attribute the injury to either direct trauma to the affected area or the contraction of the muscle, leading to the rupture of the muscle belly. In this article, we reported a case of indirect traumatic partial rupture of the coracobrachialis muscle, accompanied by a substantial hematoma at the proximal myotendinous junction had an unusual presentation of glenohumeral internal rotation deficit. To the best of our knowledge, no other case of isolated coracobrachialis injury has been reported in a bowler/cricketer.

Delayed bladder rupture following blunt trauma: A case report and literature review.

Delayed bladder rupture, rare condition following trauma, can result from primary laceration or secondary rupture at the lesion site in the bladder wall. Delayed treatment increases mortality. We report the case of a 43-year-old female who presented with an 8-day history of blunt trauma and a 2-day abdominal discomfort. After using point-of-care ultrasound for abdominal paracentesis to confirm the diagnosis, the patient was transferred to the operating room to suture the ruptured bladder. After nine days, she was discharged free of symptoms. This case report and literature review stress the importance of prompt and appropriate intervention for delayed bladder rupture.

Bilateral patellar tendon repair with suture bridge augmentation: A case report.

We describe the case of a 37-year-old male who presented with simultaneous bilateral patellar tendon rupture without any associated risk factors. Additionally, this is the first reported use of the suture bridge technique with patellar and tibial suture anchors in repairing bilateral proximal patellar tendon rupture. At 12-month follow-up, the patient had normal alignment, no effusion, and symmetric quadriceps strength.

Differences in total plaque burden between plaque rupture and plaque erosion: A combined computed tomography angiography and optical coherence tomography study.

BACKGROUNDS: Coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA) allows for the assessment of atherosclerotic plaque burden across the entire coronary vasculature. No studies have examined the relationship between the underlying pathology of the culprit lesion and total plaque burden in patients with acute coronary syndromes. The aim of this study was to compare the total plaque burden between patients with plaque rupture versus plaque erosion. METHODS: A total of 232 patients who presented with their first non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome and underwent both CTA and optical coherence tomography imaging before intervention were selected. Quantitative analysis was performed using semi-automated software (Autoplaque version 3.0, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center). An attenuation of <30 Hounsfield units defined low-density non-calcified plaque (LDNCP). All 3 vessels were assessed using the modified 17-segment American Heart Association model for coronary segment classification. RESULTS: Among 232 patients, 125 (53.9%) had plaque rupture and 107 (46.1%) had plaque erosion. Total plaque burden (48.2 [39.8-54.9] % vs. 44.1 [38.6-50.0] %, P â€‹= â€‹0.006), total non-calcified plaque (NCP) burden (46.6 [39.1-53.3] % vs. 43.0 [37.6-49.2] %, P â€‹= â€‹0.013), total LDNCP burden (2.3 [1.4-3.0] % vs. 1.7 [1.2-2.6] %, P â€‹= â€‹0.016), and total calcified plaque (CP) burden (0.8 [0.1-1.6] % vs. 0.4 [0.0-1.4] %, P â€‹= â€‹0.047) were significantly greater in patients with culprit plaque rupture than in those with culprit plaque erosion. CONCLUSION: Patients with plaque rupture, compared with those with plaque erosion, had a greater total plaque burden, NCP burden, LDNCP burden, and CP burden. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: URL: https://www. CLINICALTRIALS: gov; Unique identifier: NCT04523194.

Clinical and radiological outcome of acute quadriceps tendon repair at 2 - year follow-up.

PURPOSE: Though previous studies on surgical quadriceps tendon repair reported good to satisfactory results its impact on knee extensor strength and patellofemoral joint is unknown. The purpose of the study was to assess the clinical and functional outcome by quantifying subjective knee related outcome, isokinetic extensor strength complemented by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). METHODS: For this retrospective clinical trial twenty-one patients with a mean age of 59.1 (±14.9) years were carried out for follow-up evaluation. For clinical outcome numeric rating scale for pain (NRS), Kujala anterior knee pain score, Knee osteoarthritis outcome score (KOOS) with its subscores, Tegener Activity Score (TAS), Isokinetic extensor strength testing (ISO) and the Limb symmetry index (LSI) were utilized. Muscle volume (Vmqf), atrophy and cartilage status were assessed on MRI. Tendon integrity and implant loosening were evaluated. Statistical analysis was carried out using Student´s t-test, Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficient. RESULTS: Mean follow-up was 56.2 (± 17.5) months. Clinical outcomes in mean were as follows: NRS 1.7 (±2.0), Kujala score 75.8 (± 15.8) points; KOOS 62.9 (±30.6) % (Subscores: (KOOSPain 84 (± 18.3)%, KOOSSymptoms 63.4 (± 15.3) %, KOOSADL 79.8% (± 19.4)%, KOOSSports&Rec 61.5 (± 28.8))%, TAS 3.7 (± 1.2). Mean ISO difference was 3.7 (±32.3) %). 41.2% of patients had an LSI < 90% and showed non-significantly (p > 0.05) better outcomes in NRS, Kujala score and KOOS than patients with LSI < 90%. ISO correlated with better subjective outcome (r > 0.5) but not with MRI findings. Vmqf asymmetry > 10% was seen in 41,2% of patients. Degenerative muscle and cartilage changes were few and low grade. One tendon showed partial retear. Patients showed no signs of implant loosening. CONCLUSION: Distal quadriceps tendon repair leads to satisfactory subjective outcome in patients with low to moderate activity levels. Tendon integrity was reliably restored. However, extensor strength deficits remain in more than 40% of patients. Atrophy signs of advanced fatty infiltration were recorded in 15% and patellofemoral cartilage defects in 20% of all patients, indicating that previous assessment tools do not display functional outcome adequately.

Novel Biomarkers: Soluble Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator Receptor and Procalcitonin- and Histological Chorioamnionitis after Preterm Premature Rupture of Membranes.

Fetal inflammatory response syndrome or infection after preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM) increases neonatal morbidity in preterm deliveries. Biochemical markers from the amniotic fluid (AF) have been used to evaluate possible intra-amniotic infection during the asymptomatic phase after PPROM. This study aimed to describe whether soluble urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) or procalcitonin (PCT) from AF or maternal sera could reveal fetal inflammatory response or infection after PPROM. AF and maternal serum samples were collected weekly after PPROM (23+ 0 - 34+ 6 gestational weeks) until delivery from twenty women and two women with possible chorioamnionitis with intact membranes. Levels of suPAR, PCT, interleukin-6 (IL-6), glucose, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and bacterial PCR were determined from AF and suPAR and PCT and IL-6 from maternal sera. Fetal infection or inflammation response were determined by the histology of the placenta after delivery. AF glucose was significantly lower and AF LDH higher in the fetal site histologic chorioamnionitis (HCA) group, while AF suPAR concentrations tended to be higher in this group. AF suPAR correlated significantly with AF glucose and LDH. Based on receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, AF glucose had the best predictability for fetal site histological chorioamnionitis. The findings of AF PCT were insignificant considering HCA. AF glucose had the highest accuracy in predicting fetal site histologic chorioamnionitis. AF suPAR may be a promising marker; however, our findings were limited by a small study population.

In-hospital outcomes of repair and hysterectomy for uterine rupture: A nationwide observational study.

OBJECTIVE: Uterine rupture, though rare, poses significant risks to both mother and child. Its occurrence varies globally, with a noted 0.015% prevalence in Japan. This condition usually requires surgical intervention, either as uterine repair or hysterectomy. Past studies, largely single-center and outdated, offer limited insights into these treatment options. To assess and compare the clinical outcomes of repair and hysterectomy for uterine rupture among patients included in a large inpatient database in Japan. STUDY DESIGN: We analyzed the Diagnosis Procedure Combination inpatient database from July 2010 to March 2022. Patients with uterine rupture who underwent uterine repair or hysterectomy were extracted. Patient characteristics, in-hospital care, and outcomes were compared between the uterine repair group and the hysterectomy group. Main outcomes are reoperation during hospitalization, total volume of blood transfusion, complications (bowel injury, urinary tract injury, wound infection, deep vein thrombosis, or pulmonary embolism), maternal mortality, and postoperative length of stay. RESULTS: We identified 644 patients with uterine rupture. Of those, 287 (44.6 %) underwent uterine repair and 357 (55.4 %) underwent hysterectomy. The hysterectomy group was significantly older, had significantly more comorbidities, and had a significantly higher prevalence of consciousness impairment than the uterine repair group. Compared with the uterine repair group, the hysterectomy group required significantly more in-hospital care and had a significantly greater incidence of reoperation (1.0 % versus 6.4 %; P<0.001). Other complications were not significantly different between the groups. The hysterectomy group had significantly more blood transfusions and a significantly longer postoperative length of hospital stay than the uterine repair group. The results remained consistent even after the adjusted analysis. CONCLUSION: This study highlights the differences between repair and hysterectomy for uterine rupture, providing valuable insights for clinical decision-making in these cases.

A Case of Spontaneous Splenic Rupture After a Hemicolectomy on Anticoagulation.

Spontaneous or atraumatic splenic rupture (ASR) is a rare but life-threatening condition that requires swift recognition and intervention. We report the case of a 66-year-old female with a history of hypothyroidism, appendiceal goblet cell adenocarcinoma, and new-onset atrial fibrillation (Afib) requiring anticoagulation. She initially presented with right upper quadrant abdominal pain. She had previously undergone an appendectomy followed by a right hemicolectomy to achieve clear surgical margins after the appendiceal carcinoma diagnosis. In the post-anesthesia care unit, she developed Afib and was started on therapeutic anticoagulation. Cardiac catheterization later revealed three-vessel coronary artery disease, prompting a transition from heparin to apixaban. Three days later, the patient suddenly experienced left shoulder pain and was found to be diaphoretic and hypotensive. Three days post-catheterization, the patient developed sudden left shoulder pain, along with diaphoresis and hypotension. An initial concern for post-catheterization myocardial infarction was ruled out. A subsequent CT of the abdomen and pelvis revealed a large splenic hematoma with rupture and hemoperitoneum, necessitating emergent open splenectomy. Post-operatively, the patient required intensive care monitoring and transfusion support before being discharged to a long-term acute care facility. ASR is typically associated with identifiable pathological conditions; however, this case highlights the complexity of multifactorial etiologies. It emphasizes the need to consider ASR in patients presenting with sudden left shoulder pain and hemodynamic instability, particularly when anticoagulation therapy or recent abdominal surgery are factors. This case underscores the importance of a high index of suspicion and timely intervention to prevent fatal outcomes. Further research is warranted to explore the relationship between anticoagulation therapy and ASR.

Traumatic vitreous hemorrhage and choroidal rupture after needleless Dermojet injection to the eyebrow.

Purpose: In this case report, we discuss a case of ocular insult following a needle-less Dermojet injection to the brow region. Observations: Initial examination revealed pin-point sites of injector contact over the right brow, a dense temporal subconjunctival hemorrhage, a temporal area of commotio retinae, and a vitreous hemorrhage localized to the inferotemporal quadrant of the retina obscuring the view to the retina behind it. The potential for a concealed penetrating globe injury or retinal break was of significant concern. Conservative management was opted with close follow-up. Over a 10-week period, the patient's symptoms and signs improved, and final assessment showed an extramacular choroidal scar indicative of choroidal rupture. Risks of the development of choroidal neovascularization were communicated and a plan for diligent follow up was given. Conclusions and importance: We recommend against using high-pressure, needle-less systems in the periorbital area due to vision-threatening risks, urging caution among healthcare professionals.

Sudden death due to aortic rupture in New Zealand sheep.

CASE HISTORY: Over a period of 2 months in the spring and early summer of 2021, 13 cases of sudden death in cull ewes due to aortic rupture were diagnosed at a small number of New Zealand abattoirs. CLINICAL FINDINGS: In 12/13 (92%) cases, a large blood clot was present in the thorax, and in one case the blood clot was seen in the tissues dorsal to the heart. There were no obvious signs of external trauma. The pluck (heart and lungs) or fixed aorta was submitted for histological examination in seven cases and in all of these, a tear in the aorta was found. Comparing the microscopic appearance of the proximal aorta in these seven cases to three clinically normal ewes from unaffected farms, the aortic wall thickness appeared thinner in the case ewes than the unaffected ewes. Subjectively, there was increased collagen in the tunica media in 3/7 and decreased elastin fibres in 5/7 case ewes compared to the control ewes. Further investigations on the index farm (where the first cases originated), found that the mean liver and serum Cu concentrations in 10 similarly aged, clinically normal ewes were within the normal reference range for New Zealand sheep. Similarly, the liver Cu concentrations of the seven case ewes were within the normal reference range. DIAGNOSIS: Aortic rupture due to an unknown aetiology. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Clinicians should be aware of this condition as a differential diagnosis for sudden death in older sheep and to assist the Ministry for Primary Industries in establishing the extent of this problem in New Zealand.

Reconstruction of Chronic Soft Tissue Mallet Fingers: Outcomes of Step-Plasty vs. Purse-String Suture.

After failed conservative therapy or in the absence of any intervention, a rupture of the digital subcutaneous extensor tendon at the distal interphalangeal (DIP) joint, known as mallet finger, may lead to a chronic extension deficit due to excessive scarring and tendon elongation. Various surgical techniques to restore the extension of the distal phalanx have been proposed, but an optimal approach has not yet been established. To tighten the extensor tendon, a purse-string suture can be applied. Although it has shown efficacy, it can result in significant bulging and scar formation. Using the "abbreviato" technique, the elongated part of the extensor tendon is excised, and the tendon is re-sutured. Also, tenodesis has been described, particularly in pediatric cases. In this retrospective follow-up study, we aimed to investigate if the step-plasty procedure previously described by Baumeister provides comparable, if not superior, functional and aesthetic outcomes compared to existing techniques for patients with chronic mallet finger. In this retrospective study, a consecutive series of 68 patients with chronic mallet fingers was enrolled. Patients were treated surgically using step-plasty of the respective extensor tendon. After skin incision and tenolysis, the elongated extensor tendon was incised in a Z-like fashion and stepwise resected in the transverse portion of the Z. The functional and aesthetic effects of this step-plasty technique were compared with results of 44 patients previously treated using purse-string sutures of the extensor tendon and evaluated using Crawford's and Levante's criteria. In all patients undergoing the step-plasty procedure, the extension deficit was significantly reduced from an average of 42 degrees preoperatively to 11 degrees postoperatively. In contrast, the control group treated by purse-string sutures showed a slightly higher postoperative extension deficit of 15 degrees. According to Levante's criteria, the results of our step-plasty procedure were significantly better than those achieved with purse-string sutures. Our study demonstrated that the treatment of older or chronic subcutaneous extensor tendon ruptures using the step-plasty technique led to a significant reduction in extension deficits. According to Levante's criteria, the postoperative outcome was significantly better in comparison to the purse-string suture technique. Additionally, no skin resection was required to improve the extension capability of the distal finger joint, compared to established surgical procedures.

Spontaneous Rupture of Mature Teratoma at the Cerebellar Vermis Comorbid With Dermal Sinus Tract and Subcutaneous Lipoma.

Intracranial teratoma, a subtype of non-germinomatous germ cell tumors, is rare in adults. Clinical presentation of intracranial teratomas varies according to where they grow. In particular, cases of spontaneous ruptures of intracranial teratoma are sporadic. This study reports the case of an adult with a spontaneously ruptured mature teratoma in the cerebellar vermis, which was comorbid with a dermal sinus tract and subcutaneous lipoma. Before surgery, because the images were atypical of a teratoma, the patient was misdiagnosed as having vascular malformation rupture and bleeding in the cerebellar vermis. Due to the patient's level of consciousness dropping drastically to a coma, a craniotomy was performed. During the surgery, the tumor was observed to be a mixed cystic and solid mass. The liquid in the cyst was dark green and with a fatty component. The solid part had a tough texture and comprised hair, fat, cartilage, and calcification components. Post-surgery multipoint biopsy proved that it was a mature teratoma and that it was connected to a subcutaneous lipoma through the dermal sinus tract across the occipital bone. After proactive treatment, the patient's prognosis was favorable.

Development and Validation of a Risk Predictive Model for Small Intracranial Aneurysms in Adults Over a Five-Year Period.

Objective The optimal management of a small intracranial aneurysm (sIA) remains a challenge due to the lack of a size-specific risk predictive model for aneurysm rupture. We aimed to develop and validate a nomogram-based risk predictive model for sIA. Methods A total of 382 patients harboring 215 ruptured and 167 unruptured small intracranial aneurysms (uSIAs) (≤ 7 mm) were recruited and divided into training and validation cohorts. Risk factors for the construction of a nomogram were selected from clinical and aneurysmal features by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and multivariate logistic regression. The nomogram for risk of rupture was evaluated in both the training and validation cohorts for discrimination, calibration, and clinical usefulness. Results Hyperlipidemia (odds ratio (OR)=2.74, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.322~5.956, P=0.008), the presence of a daughter dome (OR=3.068, 95%CI=1.311~7.598, P=0.012), larger size-to-neck ratio (SN) (OR=1.807, 95%CI=1.131~3.063, P=0.021) and size ratio (SR) (OR=2.221, 95%CI=1.262~4.025, P=0.007) were selected as independent risk factors for sIA rupture and used for construction of nomogram. Internal validation by bootstrap sampling showed the Concordance index (C index) of 0.756 for the nomogram. The calibration by the Hosmer-Lemeshow test showed a P value of 0.847, indicating the model was well-fitted. Additionally, decision curve analysis (DCA) demonstrated that the predictive model has good clinical usefulness, providing net benefits across a range of threshold probabilities, thus supporting its application in clinical decision-making. Conclusion The risk prediction model can reliably predict the risk of sIA rupture, which may provide an important reference for optimizing the therapeutic strategy.

Mycotic superior mesenteric artery aneurysm with impending rupture due to infective endocarditis.

A 49-year-old woman with tachycardia was referred to our institution. Transthoracic echocardiography revealed severe mitral regurgitation, and surgery was planned. While awaiting surgery, she developed a fever. Transthoracic echocardiography and transesophageal echocardiography revealed vegetation on the mitral valve leaflet. Blood cultures were positive for Streptococcus anginosus. She was diagnosed with infective endocarditis, and antibiotics were administered. She experienced sudden abdominal pain 26 days after hospitalization. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography scan revealed a mycotic superior mesenteric artery aneurysm with impending rupture without intestinal ischemia, and aneurysm resection was performed. Mitral valve replacement was performed on postoperative day 10, with uneventful postoperative healing.

A case of right atrial thrombus in the Chiari network after blunt cardiac rupture.

Background: The Chiari network mostly causes no symptoms but may occasionally be involved in thrombus formation in the right atrium. We present a case of right atrial thrombus discovered in the postoperative course of blunt cardiac rupture. Case Presentation: A 19-year-old female injured in a motor vehicle accident was transported to the hospital in a state of shock. Echocardiography revealed pericardial effusion. Cardiopulmonary arrest was imminent, so a clamshell thoracotomy was performed. A laceration at the right atrial junction of the superior vena cava was observed and sutured. Echocardiography on post-injury day 6 showed a floating thrombus in the right atrium. Anticoagulation therapy was started, the thrombus was reduced, and the patient was discharged on day 27 without sequelae. Six months later, echocardiography showed a filamentous structure and the presence of the Chiari network. Conclusion: Right intra-atrial thrombi are rare and may warrant a search of the Chiari network in conditions where hypercoagulation is anticipated.

Timing of four or more scheduled cesarean sections.

OBJECTIVE: With the increasing number of cesarean sections worldwide, the need to determine the gestational age for scheduled cesarean sections has increased. The literature needs clear information, especially about cesarean sections four or more times. Our study aims to determine the ideal gestational week for mothers and babies in patients who are not in labor and who will have four or more cesarean sections. METHODS: In our retrospective study, the records of 2318 pregnant women were accessed, and those with singleton pregnancies, without medication use during pregnancy, and without any complicated pregnancies, such as newly defined preeclampsia, diabetes, and thyroid disease, and those over 18 years of age were included. All of the cesarean sections were under scheduled conditions (no beginning of labor and no pain/contraction). The exclusion criteria were patients with vaginal dilatation and effacement, a history of uterine rupture, and a diagnosis of placental adhesion spectrum disorder. Maternal and neonatal outcomes were evaluated. RESULTS: Although there was no significant difference in neonatal outcomes according to gestational week, regardless of the number of cesarean sections, transient tachypnea of the newborn increased significantly in scheduled cesareans performed at the 37th week compared with other weeks (p < 0.01). The results can be expected at 39 weeks and above. CONCLUSION: As a result, patients should not undergo cesarean section before 39 weeks unless they are in labor, and it seems safe to wait until 39 weeks.

Acute peritonitis caused by a ruptured urachal cyst accompanied by omphalitis in an adult: a case report and literature review.

Omphalitis is an infection of the umbilicus that can cause inflammation to spread. Omphalitis is rare in adults; however, it can occasionally occur owing to urachal remnants. A 61-year-old male patient with abdominal pain and umbilical pus was admitted to the emergency room. Abdominal computed tomography revealed peritonitis with multiple intra-abdominal abscesses. The patient was diagnosed with peritonitis resulting from urachal cyst rupture. Laparoscopic drainage of the abscesses and excising of the umbilicus and intra-abdominal fistula tract were performed. Antibiotics were administered, and the patient was discharged uneventfully. The rarity of peritonitis caused by infection and urachal cyst rupture can make diagnosing omphalitis challenging. Therefore, in this case report and literature review, we discuss the diagnosis and treatment of complicated omphalitis, which rarely progresses to peritonitis owing to ruptured urachal cysts.

Oxytocin with calcium vs. oxytocin for induction of labor in women with term premature rupture of membranes: A randomized controlled trial: Oxytocin with calcium gluconate for labor induction.

BACKGROUND: Intravenous calcium administration has shown promise in enhancing uterine contractions and reducing blood loss during cesarean section, but this regimen has not been compared in vaginal labor induction. OBJECTIVE: To determine the efficacy of oxytocin combined with calcium versus oxytocin alone for inducing labor among women with term premature rupture of membranes (PROM). STUDY DESIGN: This single-blind, randomized control trial was conducted between October 2022 and May 2023 in a tertiary university hospital. Patients diagnosed with PROM were randomly allocated into two groups. The intervention group received a bolus of 10 mL of calcium gluconate followed by a continuous infusion of oxytocin via a pump (n = 210), whereas the control group received only oxytocin infusion (n = 218). The primary outcome was successful vaginal deliveries within 24 hours of labor induction. Secondary outcomes included the interval from labor induction to delivery, vaginal delivery blood loss, and maternal and neonatal complications. RESULTS: Baseline characteristics, including maternal age, BMI, Bishop score before labor induction, were comparable between groups. The rate of vaginal delivery within 24 hours of labor induction was statistically higher in the intervention group (79.52% vs. 70.64%; P = 0.04). Participants in intervention group experienced a shortened interval between induction and delivery (10.48 h vs. 11.25h; P = 0.037), and demonstrated a higher success rate in induction of labor assessed by the onset of active phase (93.80% vs. 87.61%; P = 0.04) without increasing the cesarean rate. Reduced hemorrhage was presented in the intervention group (242.5ml vs. 255.0ml; P = 0.0015) while the maternal and neonatal outcomes were comparable between groups. CONCLUSION: The co-administration of calcium and oxytocin in labor induction among pregnancies with PROM was more efficient and safer than oxytocin alone. Our research suggests that the combination therapy of calcium and oxytocin may offer significant advantages during the process of labor induction and result in better outcomes.

Comparative transcriptomic analysis of articular cartilage of post-traumatic osteoarthritis mouse models.

Animal models of post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA) recapitulate the pathological changes observed in human PTOA. Here, skeletally mature C57Bl6 mice were subjected to either the rapid-onset, non-surgical, mechanical anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture or surgical destabilisation of the medial meniscus (DMM) models. Transcriptome profiling of micro-dissected cartilage at day 7 and 42 post-ACL and DMM procedure respectively, showed that the two models were comparable and highly correlative (Spearman R =0.82, p<2.2E-16). Gene ontology enrichment analysis identified similarly enriched pathways, which were overrepresented by anabolic terms. To address the transcriptome changes more completely in the ACL model we also performed small RNA-seq, describing the first microRNA profile of this model. miR-199-5p was amongst the most abundant yet differentially expressed microRNAs and its inhibition in primary human chondrocytes led to a comparable transcriptome response to that observed in both human 'OA damaged vs intact cartilage' and murine DMM cartilage datasets. CELSR1, GIT1, ECE1 and SOS2 were all experimentally verified as novel miR-199-5p targets. Together, these data support the use of the ACL rupture model as a non-invasive companion to DMM.