Evaluating complementaries among urban water, energy, infrastructure, and social Sustainable Development Goals in China.

Urban areas' performance in water, energy, infrastructure, and socio-economic sectors is intertwined and measurable through Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 6-13. Effective synergy among these is critical for sustainability. This study constructs an indicator framework that reflects progress towards these urban SDGs in China. Findings indicate underperformance in SDGs 8-11, suggesting the need for transformative actions. Through network analysis, the research reveals complementarities among these SDGs. Notably, the SDG space divides into socio-economic and ecological clusters, with SDG 6 (Clean Water and Sanitation) central to both. Additionally, SDG 8 (Decent Work and Economic Growth) and SDG 9 (Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure) act as bridges, while greater synergies exist between SDG 12 (Responsible Consumption and Production) and SDG 13 (Climate Action). An in-depth view at the indicator-level shows a core-periphery structure, emphasizing indicators like SDG 6.2 (Wastewater Treatment Rate) and SDG 6.6 (Recycled Water Production Capacity per capita) as pivotal. This study confirms the urban SDG space's stability and predictiveness, underscoring its value in steering well-aligned policy decisions for sustainable growth.

Micro-bacterial assessment of disposable gowns with a focus on green endoscopy in gastrointestinal endoscopy procedures: A Japanese pilot study for healthcare waste reduction.

Objective: This study aimed to implement green endoscopy through the microbiological assessment of gowning techniques during endoscopy to reduce carbon emissions and separate medical waste. Methods: Twenty-five patients who performed esophagogastroduodenoscopy from March to May 2024 were included in this study. Four sections of the isolation gowns (anterior, posterior, right, and left) were cut into 2 cm2 after endoscopy, and the rate of microbial contamination was examined using the stamp method. Results: The endoscopic examination time was 8 min (6-12), and endoscopy was performed by 10 expert endoscopists, six endoscopists, and nine residents. The overall isolation gown contamination rate was 56%, with 25%, 20.8%, 20.8%, and 33.3% in the front, back, as well as right and left arms, respectively. The rates of isolation gown contamination rates in the expert endoscopists, endoscopists, and residents groups were 30%, 50%, and 77.8%, respectively, with a higher rate in the residents group. Regardless of the physician's performance, bacterial detection was consistently higher in the left arm (42.9% vs. 40% vs. 25%; p = 0.093). The detected bacteria comprised 58% Gram-positive and 42% Gram-negative organisms, including those from tap water used for endoscopy bacteria and obtained from the participant's skin or mouth. No pathogenic organisms were detected. Conclusions: The bacteria detected in disposable gowns after gastrointestinal endoscopy were non-pathogenic. Thus, our findings suggest that changing all personal protective equipment of respective endoscopes might not be essential. We advocate for green endoscopy to achieve sustainable development goals and reduce medical waste.

Optimizing sustainable development in arid river basins: A multi-objective approach to balancing water, energy, economy, carbon and ecology nexus.

The ongoing water crisis poses significant threats to the socioeconomic sustainability and ecological security of arid and semi-arid river basins. Achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) within a complex socio-ecological nexus requires effective and balanced resource management. However, due to the intricate interactions between human societies and environmental systems, the tradeoffs and synergies of different SDGs remain unclear, posing a substantial challenge for collaborative management of natural resources. Here we introduce a gray fractional multi-objective optimization (GFMOP) model to balance multi-dimensional SDGs through a novel water-energy-economy-carbon-ecology nexus perspective. The model was applied to a typical arid river basin in Northwest China, where thirty-two scenarios were explored, considering factors such as shared socioeconomic pathways, carbon removal rates, water conveyance efficiencies, and ecological requirements. The results reveal a strong tradeoff between marginal benefit and carbon emission intensity, indicating that improving the economic efficiency of water use can simultaneously reduce emissions and protect the environment. Given the immense power generation potential, wind power development should be prioritized in the future, with its share in the energy structure projected to increase to 23.3% by 2060. Furthermore, promoting carbon capture technologies and expanding grassland coverage are recommended to achieve regional carbon neutrality, contributing 39.5% and 49.1% to carbon absorption during 2021-2060, respectively. Compared with traditional single-objective models, GFMOP demonstrates a superiority in uncovering interrelationships among multiple SDGs and identifying compromised alternatives within the compound socio-ecological nexus. The model also provides detailed strategies for resource allocation and pollutant control, offering valuable guidance to policymakers and stakeholders in pursuing sustainable and harmonious watershed management.

The Grenada Learning and Memory Scale: Psychometric features and normative data in Caribbean preschool children.

OBJECTIVE: Neuropsychological assessment of preschool children is essential for early detection of delays and referral for intervention prior to school entry. This is especially pertinent in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), which are disproportionately impacted by micronutrient deficiencies and teratogenic exposures. The Grenada Learning and Memory Scale (GLAMS) was created for use in limited resource settings and includes a shopping list and face-name association test. Here, we present psychometric and normative data for the GLAMS in a Grenadian preschool sample. METHODS: Typically developing children between 36 and 72 months of age, primarily English speaking, were recruited from public preschools in Grenada. Trained Early Childhood Assessors administered the GLAMS and NEPSY-II in schools, homes, and clinics. GLAMS score distributions, reliability, and convergent/divergent validity against NEPSY-II were evaluated. RESULTS: The sample consisted of 400 children (190 males, 210 females). GLAMS internal consistency, inter-rater agreement, and test-retest reliability were acceptable. Principal components analysis revealed two latent factors, aligned with expected verbal/visual memory constructs. A female advantage was observed in verbal memory. Moderate age effects were observed on list learning/recall and small age effects on face-name learning/recall. All GLAMS subtests were correlated with NEPSY-II Sentence Repetition, supporting convergent validity with a measure of verbal working memory. CONCLUSIONS: The GLAMS is a psychometrically sound measure of learning and memory in Grenadian preschool children. Further adaptation and scale-up to global LMICs are recommended.

Linkages between Soil Security and One Health: implications for the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals.

Soil provides multiple and diverse functions (e.g., the provision of food and the regulation of carbon), which underpin the health of animals, humans, the environment and the planet. However, the world's soils face existential challenges. To this end, the concept of Soil Security was developed, compelled to: "maintain and improve soils worldwide so that they can continue to provide food, fiber and fresh water, contribute to energy and climate sustainability and help to maintain biodiversity and the overall protection of ecosystem goods and services." In parallel, the concept of One Health likewise works across the human-animal-environment interface, highly relevant for the goals of Soil Security. In this review, we evaluated the roles which both the Soil Security and One Health concepts have served in the literature between 2012 and 2023 and explore the potential linkages between both concepts. We outline that both concepts are used in disparate fields, despite considerable overlap in aims and objectives. We highlight the Soil Health concept as a potential connector between Soil Security and One Health. Overall, we argue that both Soil Security and One Health are highly complementary fields of scientific inquiry with solid leverage for translation into policy and practice. However, there is a need to define One Health dimensions, as has been done for Soil Security. As such, we proffer five measurable dimensions for One Health, the "5Cs"-Capacity, Condition, Capital, Connectivity and Codification-to allow for an overall measure of One Health. Finally, we advocate for a biosphere-focused framework to collectively make progress toward the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals and other global existential challenges.

Navigating the sea level rise: Exploring the interplay of climate change, sea level rise, and coastal communities in india.

This research article investigates the intricate interplay between climate change, global sea level rise (SLR), and the impacts of sea level rise on the coastal regions of India. Through an interdisciplinary approach, this paper provides an overview of the global consequences of SLR on coastal communities, exploring economic, social, and environmental impacts on agriculture, communities, and coastal areas. The study examines the displacement of communities and its impact on food security, infrastructure, tourism, and ecological loss based on a comprehensive literature review. This paper emphasizes the sustainable preservation of coastal ecosystems and the development of climate-resilient infrastructure. This research aims to offer a detailed understanding of the evolving landscape of coastal livelihoods, providing valuable insights for adaptive strategies, policy formulation, and sustainable development. Ultimately, this article contributes to the scientific discourse by shedding light on the complex dynamics between climate change, SLR, and coastal communities, guiding efforts toward a resilient and sustainable future. The insights are drawn from secondary data resources, including books, scholarly journals, and reports from organizations such as the IPCC and NOAA. Based on a thorough review of the relevant literature, it critically examines the existing and potential consequences of sea level rise induced by climate change.

Digital economy, technological progress, and carbon emissions in Chinese provinces.

The 2023 work report of the Chinese government underscores a pivotal transition towards a "dual-control" policy, prioritizing the management of carbon emissions. This study provides an in-depth analysis of the interplay between the digital economy, technological progress, and their impact on the total volume and intensity of carbon emissions across 30 Chinese provinces from 2013 to 2021. Our findings reveal that while the expansion of the digital economy and technological progress contribute to an increase in the total carbon emissions, they also markedly decrease carbon intensity, paving the way for sustainability. Additionally, the research uncovers the positive externalities of the digital economy on carbon emission intensity and the spillover effects of technological progress on both emissions and intensity. The integration of the digital economy in industrial restructuring and the uptake of green technologies are identified as instrumental in mitigating carbon emissions. These insights underscore the potential of policy strategies that leverage the digital economy and technological innovation to meet the "dual-control" policy objectives and foster sustainable development.

Assessment of the compliance with minimum quality standards by public primary healthcare facilities in Nigeria.

Achieving universal health coverage (UHC) and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) by 2030 relies on the delivery of quality healthcare services through effective primary healthcare (PHC) systems. This necessitates robust infrastructure, adequately skilled health workers and the availability of essential medicines and commodities. Despite the critical role of minimum standards in benchmarking PHC quality, no global consensus on these standards exists. Nigeria has established minimum standards to enhance healthcare accessibility and quality, including the Revised Ward Health System Strategy (RWHSS) by the National Primary Health Care Development Agency (NPHCDA). This paper outlines the evolution of PHC minimum standards in Nigeria, evaluates compliance with RWHSS standards across all public PHC facilities, and examines the implications for ongoing PHC revitalization efforts. The study used a cross-sectional descriptive design to assess compliance across 25 736 public PHC facilities in Nigeria. Data collection involved a national survey using a standardized assessment tool focussing on infrastructure, staffing, essential medicines and service delivery. Compliance with RWHSS minimum standards was found to be below 50% across all facilities, with median compliance scores of 40.7%. Outreach posts had a median compliance of 32.6%, level 1 facilities 31.5% and level 2+ facilities 50.9%. Key findings revealed major gaps in health infrastructure, human resources and availability of essential medicines and equipment. Compliance varied regionally, with the North-west showing the highest number of facilities but varied performance across standards. The lessons learned underscore the urgent need for targeted interventions and resource allocation to address the identified deficiencies. This study highlights the critical need for regular, comprehensive compliance assessments to guide policy-makers in identifying gaps and strengthening PHC systems in Nigeria. Recommendations include enhancing monitoring mechanisms, improving resource distribution and focussing on infrastructure and human resource development to meet UHC and SDG targets. Addressing these gaps is essential for advancing Nigeria's healthcare system and ensuring equitable, quality care for all.

Revisiting a decade of inequality in healthcare financial burden in Cambodia, 2009-19: trends, determinants and decomposition.

BACKGROUND: Out-of-pocket healthcare expenditure (OOPHE) without adequate social protection often translates to inequitable financial burden and utilization of services. Recent publications highlighted Cambodia's progress towards Universal Health Coverage (UHC) with reduced incidence of catastrophic health expenditure (CHE) and improvements in its distribution. However, departing from standard CHE measurement methods suggests a different storyline on trends and inequality in the country. OBJECTIVE: This study revisits the distribution and impact of OOPHE and its financial burden from 2009-19, employing alternative socio-economic and economic shock metrics. It also identifies determinants of the financial burden and evaluates inequality-contributing and -mitigating factors from 2014-19, including coping mechanisms, free healthcare, and OOPHE financing sources. METHODS: Data from the Cambodian Socio-Economic Surveys of 2009, 2014, and 2019 were utilized. An alternative measure to CHE is proposed: Excessive financial burden (EFB). A household was considered under EFB when its OOPHE surpassed 10% or 25% of total consumption, excluding healthcare costs. A polychoric wealth index was used to rank households and measure EFB inequality using the Erreygers Concentration Index. Inequality shifts from 2014-19 were decomposed using the Recentered Influence Function regression followed by the Oaxaca-Blinder method. Determinants of financial burden levels were assessed through zero-inflated ordered logit regression. RESULTS: Between 2009-19, EFB incidence increased from 10.95% to 17.92% at the 10% threshold, and from 4.41% to 7.29% at the 25% threshold. EFB was systematically concentrated among the poorest households, with inequality sharply rising over time, and nearly a quarter of the poorest households facing EFB at the 10% threshold. The main determinants of financial burden were geographic location, household size, age and education of household head, social health protection coverage, disease prevalence, hospitalization, and coping strategies. Urbanization, biased disease burdens, and preventive care were key in explaining the evolution of inequality. CONCLUSION: More efforts are needed to expand social protection, but monitoring those through standard measures such as CHE has masked inequality and the burden of the poor. The financial burden across the population has risen and become more unequal over the past decade despite expansion and improvements in social health protection schemes. Health Equity funds have, to some extent, mitigated inequality over time. However, their slow expansion and the reduced reliance on coping strategies to finance OOPHE could not outbalance inequality.

Green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles for the industrial biofortification of (Pleurotus pulmonarius) mushrooms.

Zinc malnutrition is major health problem in children and women of reproductive age (WRA) in developing countries. This study aimed to find nutritionally balanced food at an affordable cost. For this purpose, Pleurotus pulmonarius (Mushroom) is fortified with zinc oxide nano particles (ZnO-NPs) synthesized from Nigella sativa seed extract. ZnO-NPs were characterized using UV visible and FTIR Spectroscopy, SEM-EDX, XRD, PSA and Zeta potentials. ZnO-NPs were sprayed in different concentrations on substrate used for the cultivation of P. pulmonarius. Cultivated mushroom fruiting bodies were dried and powdered. Bio absorption of zinc was calculated using atomic absorption spectroscopy. Zinc absorption increased by enhancing the number of nano particles spraying on lingo-cellulosic substrate. The controlled bag had 2.27 ± 0.00 mg of zinc content per 2 g of mushroom powder. The minimum amount (3.46 ± 0.16 mg/2 g of mushroom) of zinc micronutrient was absorbed by the bag having 50 mg spray of ZnO-NPs per Kg of the wheat straw. Maximum amount of bio accumulation was done by bag having 5000 mg spray of ZnO-NPs (10.46 ± 0.08 mg/2 g of mushrooms powder). Zinc fortification had a significant (p < 0.05) effect on the uptake of zinc by fruiting bodies. ZnO-NPs at the concentration of 200 mg per kilogram of substrate gave optimized value of biological efficiency [B.E] (40.2 % ± 0.25), while B.E decreased with the increase in ZnO-NPs spray due to bio accumulation of zinc with increased concentration of ZnO-NPs spray.

Flood risk assessment under the shared socioeconomic pathways: a case of electricity bulk supply points in Greater Accra, Ghana.

This study evaluates flood susceptibility and risk on Bulk Supply Points in the Greater Accra region (GAR) using a Frequency Ratio model based on 15 flood conditioning factors. The model explores the influence of natural, meteorological and anthropogenic factors on flooding occurrences under the Shared Socioeconomic Pathway (SSP) scenarios and assesses flood risks at Bulk Supply Points (BSPs). Flood susceptibility mapping was conducted for both current and future periods under various SSP scenarios. Results reveal that elevation, slope, soil type, distance from urban areas, and SPI are the most influential factors contributing to flooding susceptibility in the region. The current flood map, about 37% of the total area of GAR categorized under the moderate flood-susceptible zone category followed by about 30% categorized under the low flood-vulnerable zone. However, about 16% was categorized under the very high flood-vulnerable zone. The study projects increasing flood susceptibility under the SSP scenarios with intensification under SSP2 and SSP3 scenarios. For instance, the areas categorized as high and very high flood susceptibility zones are projected to expand to approximately 32% and 26% each by 2055 under SSP3. The study also assesses flood risks at Bulk Supply Points (BSPs), highlighting the escalating susceptibility of power assets to flooding under different scenarios. For instance, in the very high scenario, flooding is estimated to reach 640 h in 2045 and exceed 800 h in 2055-more than double the 2020 baseline. The analysis shows the bulk supply points face increasing flood susceptibility, with risks escalating most sharply under the severe climate change SSP3 and SSP5 scenarios. Over 75% of BSPs are expected to fall in the low- to medium-risk categories across SSPs while more than 50% of BSPs are within medium- to high-risk categories in all scenarios except SSP1, reflecting the impact of climate change. SSP3 and SSP5 stand out with over 60% of BSPs facing high or very high flooding risks by 2055. It indicates moderate resilience with proper adaptation but highlights potential disruptions in critical infrastructure, such as BSPs, during persistent flooding. The findings of the study are expected to inform Ghana's contributions towards addressing Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 7, 11 and 13 in Ghana.

Actionable insights for human factors and ergonomics to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals: mapping past advancements and proposing future strategic paths.

Despite significant strides in linking Human Factors and Ergonomics (HFE) and sustainability, research lacks precision in debating HFE's role, especially concerning the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This paper maps concrete contributions of HFE to the SDGs, offering strategic actions for target achievement. The methodological approach involved the application of PRISMA to define a sample, SciMAT and VOSviewer for visual and temporal thematic mapping, deductive content analysis and categorical analysis. The results show that there is an already rich and unique set of contributions across a wide range of SDGs, not just the most common related to HFE, SDG8 (Decent work). The importance of HFE is highlighted in various aspects, such as the sustainable adoption of industry 4.0 technologies (SDG9) and the development of sustainable production (SDG12), energy (SDG7) and urban (SDG11) systems. Strategic actions specifying targets for each mapped SDG are offered for policymakers, industry professionals and researchers.

This paper maps concrete contributions of HFE to the SDGs, including aspects such as sustainable adoption of industry 4.0 technologies and the development of sustainable production, energy and urban systems. Policymakers, industry professionals and researchers can benefit from the strategic pathways offered to further advance the SDGs.

Implementing the service-learning methodology in nursing education: A case study.

INTRODUCTION: Nurses play a crucial role in global health promotion, and innovative teaching strategies are vital to addressing modern educational challenges. Service-learning, a credit-based approach, integrates community service with academic learning, enhancing students' understanding of course content while fostering civic values. Although established in the United States of America and growing in Europe, most studies on service-learning focus on student learning outcomes, often overlooking its impact on the communities served. AIMS: The purpose of this study is to test whether the service-learning practice of nursing students teaching a pharmacology curriculum topic to school children promotes knowledge of the topic in both the nursing students and the school children. DESIGN: This research involves two pretest-posttest quantitative analyses and two satisfaction surveys. PARTICIPANTS: Seventy-six nursing students participated during the 2022-2023 academic year, and 69 primary school pupils received the service-learning intervention. RESULTS: Post-test scores of nursing students were significantly higher than pre-test scores (p = 0.0009). The percentage of correct answers post-intervention was significantly higher than pre-intervention (p < 0.0001). Additionally, 98.7 % of nursing students found the service-learning experience beneficial for learning, and 94.7 % reported increased social awareness. For the school children, the percentage of correct responses after the service-learning experience was statistically significantly higher than before the activity (p < 0.0001). The percentage of correct answers from pupils in each primary grade (fourth, fifth, and sixth) was statistically significantly higher after the application of the learning experience compared to before (p < 0.0001, p < 0.0001, and p < 0.001, respectively). The satisfaction survey indicated high acceptance of the methodology among both nursing students and school pupils. CONCLUSIONS: Service-learning enhances knowledge of the pharmacology topic in both nursing students and school children.

Biotechnological trends and optimization of Arachis hypogaea residues valorization: A bibliometric analysis and comprehensive review.

This review thoroughly explores the valorization of Arachis hypogaea (groundnut) residues for producing high-value bioproducts such as biofuels, biocatalysts, biochar, and nanomaterials through processes like pyrolysis, gasification, and enzymatic conversion. Optimization techniques, including Response Surface Methodology (RSM), Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs), and Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference Systems (ANFIS), have led to significant enhancements in bioproduct yields. A detailed bibliometric analysis spanning from 2000 to the present highlights key research trends and influential contributors, reflecting the increasing global focus on groundnut residue valorization. The study emphasizes the environmental and economic benefits, such as improved waste management, reduced greenhouse gas emissions, and contributions to a circular bioeconomy. It advocates for policy frameworks that support these biotechnological advancements and recommends further research on process scalability, long-term stability, and life cycle assessments to ensure the environmental and economic viability of groundnut residue utilization in sustainable development.

Rain Gardens and Rain Gauges: Students Get Hands on With Data While Evaluating Green Infrastructure at Their School.

Two modules were designed for high school science students to investigate the performance of a rain garden installed on school property. The rain garden, a green infrastructure system which allows soil infiltration, was installed to reduce impacts to urban streams and can increase the community's resilience to flooding. By involving students in the analysis of this mitigation strategy, students learned new technical skills, gained varied experiences in collecting and analyzing data, were exposed to new STEM careers, and learned about local issues that impact their community while collaborating with local professionals. In each module, students used their authentic data to address research questions. In the first module, students conducted a land survey and calculated the volumetric capacity of the rain garden. In the second module, students collected rainfall data using rain gauges and analyzed various aspects of rainfall collection. Although these modules were focused on a rain garden already installed on school property, they can be implemented at schools without this mitigation strategy present. The surveying module can easily be applied to measure any land surface feature, and the rain gauge module can be implemented anywhere as it is focused on rainfall collection.

Air passenger carbon offset and carbon neutrality strategies: Implementation mechanism by convolutional neural network.

To more effectively address the issue of carbon emissions in the aviation industry, this study first analyzes the current development status of carbon offset and carbon neutrality strategies in the aviation industry, as well as examines the existing relevant research findings. Then, optimizations are made to the Convolutional Neural Network to improve the accuracy and efficiency of the prediction model. These optimizations include architectural improvements, the use of attention mechanisms to more accurately focus on important features, as well as the adoption of multiscale feature extraction and advanced optimization algorithms to enhance the model's learning ability and convergence speed. These comprehensive improvements not only enhance the model's generalization ability but also significantly improve its applicability in complex environments. Finally, by comparing the performance of Transformer Networks, Graph Convolutional Networks, Capsule Networks, Generative Adversarial Networks, Temporal Convolutional Networks, and the proposed optimization algorithm on datasets of airline carbon emissions and fuel usage, the performance of the proposed optimization algorithm is validated through comparison of accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score calculated from the data. Simultaneously, simulation experiments are conducted to validate the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed optimization algorithm by comparing prediction stability, strategy adaptability, response time, and long-term effectiveness. The experimental results show that the accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score of the proposed optimized model reach up to 0.942, 0.967, 0.951, and 0.934 respectively, all higher than those of the compared models, validating the good performance of the proposed optimized model. In the comparison of simulation experiments, the scores of prediction stability and strategy adaptability of the proposed optimized model reach up to 0.944 and 0.953 respectively, much higher than those of other models. The response time is only 0.04s when the data volume is 1000, and the computational advantage of the proposed optimized model becomes more apparent with the increase in data volume. In the comparison of long-term effectiveness, the advantage of the proposed optimized model in this aspect also becomes more obvious with the increase in data volume. Through simulation experiments, the performance of the model in actual application scenarios is further evaluated to ensure its practicability. Therefore, this study not only provides a new optimization tool for carbon emission strategies in the aviation industry but also has certain significance for research on environmental sustainability.

The impact of environmental, social and governance disclosure on stock prices: Empirical research in Vietnam.

The aims of this research is to evaluate the impact of Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) information disclosure (using both financial and non-financial information) on stock prices of businesses in Vietnam; From there, propose recommendations to promote transparent practices and information disclosure about ESG of businesses related activities; Contribute to developing sustainable investment goals in businesses, and the financial market in general. Based on the (Ohlson, 1995) [40] valuation model, and developed by Barth and Clinch (2009) [41] the research was conducted empirically in 30 listed companies in Vietnam in the period 2019-2022. Research results based on the GLS method show that ESG positively impacts stock prices. Additionally, this paper conducted an in-depth analysis of each individual pillar and found that the environmental pillar was considered the most meaningful to market participants. However, the correlation between ESG and stock prices is weakened for environmentally sensitive businesses. This study also makes a valuable contribution to the current literature on non-financial information reporting by using manually collected data and investigating the effects of ESG reporting on market participants in the public system voluntary information disclosure system of an emerging market like Vietnam.

How to improve drought resilience to guarantee regional sustainable development.

Drought is a pressing environmental issue with profound socio-economic impacts. Frequent drought disasters around the world have brought huge impacts and challenges, severely constraining the sustainable development of cities. How to improve drought resilience to guarantee regional sustainable development has become a hot research topic. In this study, we developed a comprehensive framework to assess drought resilience in China, analyzing its spatiotemporal evolution characteristics, uncovering the underlying impact mechanisms, and projecting future resilience trends across different regions of the country. Over the past 12 years, the average drought resilience level in China has risen by 14.4 %. Central and eastern coastal provinces demonstrated higher resilience levels, contrasting with the western inland regions' lower resilience. A significant positive spatial correlation was observed in China's drought resilience, with high-value clusters emerging in the southeastern and northeastern regions. Among the sub-resilience dimensions, social resilience had the most substantial impact. The prediction model suggests that the drought resilience level will increase modestly by 6.2 % across provinces, maintaining the spatial pattern of higher resilience in the eastern coastal areas and the southern and northern extremities, with lower resilience in the central region. Our findings underscore the significance of understanding regional variations in drought resilience to inform targeted and efficient policy interventions.

Responding to the Impact of Climate Change on Adolescent and Young Adult Health: A Position Paper of the Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine and the International Association for Adolescent Health.

The Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine and the International Association for Adolescent Health recognize that climate change impacts multiple dimensions of health and well-being for adolescents and young adults. According to the World Health Organization, climate change is one of the top 10 health threats facing humanity. No aspect of adolescent health is spared from the consequences of climate change: food and housing insecurity, heat-related morbidity and mortality, water-borne diseases, infectious diseases, including sexually transmitted infections and HIV, mental health disorders, gender-based violence, conflict, internal displacement, and migration are all impacted. Vulnerable populations, such as adolescents and young adults, and those living in lower- to middle-income countries and environmental justice communities, are the ones whose health will be most affected. The Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine and the International Association for Adolescent Health call for urgent action in alignment with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals and the Convention on the Rights of the Child to avert the irreversible consequences of climate change. Health professionals and health-care organizations can and should help lead global climate action along with youth, supporting mitigation and adaptation strategies that protect young people. Adolescent health professionals and organizations must advocate for climate justice and equitable resources, urge health systems to mitigate their adverse impacts on the environment, advocate for health organizations to focus on green investments, be leaders in climate education of the next generation of adolescent health professionals, and focus research on equitable strategies to reduce climate harms.