Violence against older people and associations with mental health: A national probability sample survey of the general population in England.

BACKGROUND: Official estimates of violence prevalence in England exclude older people. There are few studies of elder abuse and these excluded violence from acquaintances and strangers and lack comparability with younger adults. OBJECTIVES: To estimate prevalence of past-year violence victimisation in older people, identify factors associated with violence in older age, quantify the extent to which experience of violence in older people was associated with common mental disorder (CMD). STUDY DESIGN/METHODS: Analysis of a 2014 general population probability sample survey of 2570 adults aged 60+ and 4484 16-59 year olds. Modified version of the Conflict Tactics Scale measured domestic violence and List of Threatening Experiences captured bullying and serious assault. CMD were assessed using the revised Clinical Interview Schedule. Associations were examined using regression models adjusted for childhood victimisation and other adversities. RESULTS: 2.0 % (n = 52,CI:1.4-2.6) of older people experienced violence in the past year, with intimate partner violence the most prevalent form. Older people of non-white ethnicity, those who were socially isolated or lonely, and the formerly married were more likely to experience violence. Violence was associated with CMD in older people (adjusted odds ratio 2.2, CI:1.0-4.8), controlling for impairments, adversities and other factors. CONCLUSION: Violence, especially from an intimate partner, is evident in later life and strongly associated with poor mental health. Better instruments for the identification of violence and abuse in older people in research and safe enquiry in practice settings are needed, with recognition of and attention to ethnic and other inequalities among older people in exposure.

Prevalence of Self-reported Domestic Elder Abuse and Its Relation with Personality Traits of Older People and Their Family Caregivers.

BACKGROUND: Elder abuse (EA) is a serious public health issue recognized as a healthcare priority. Personality traits can influence social behaviors. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of self-reported domestic EA and its relationship with personality traits of older people and their family caregivers. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2022. The research population included older people living in the urban community of the Lorestan Province (in the western region of Iran) selected by multistage cluster sampling. In general, 998 older people and their family caregivers were sampled. The data collection tool was a three-part questionnaire: a. demographic characteristics of the older people, b. questionnaire on the incidence of elder abuse, and c. short version of the NEO Five-Factor Inventory-Revised (NEO-FFI-R) for measuring the personality traits of the older people or family caregivers. The statistical software used was Stata 14. RESULTS: The present study reported that the prevalence of EA at home was 37.78%. In the present study, older age, female gender, unmarried/single status, lower education, unemployment, and rented house characteristics were predictors of EA. High agreeableness, high extroversion, and low neuroticism reduce conflict and tension in older people with their relatives and family, which appear to be protective factors against EA. CONCLUSION: Policymakers and health experts should prepare training and screening programs to consider these factors so that older people exposed to EA can be identified more quickly and early interventions can be used to improve their health status and increase their quality of life.

Risk and protective factors of a wish to die and suicidal ideation in community-dwelling, older, Flemish adults: results of the Belgian ageing studies.

OBJECTIVES: This study aims to increase the understanding of suicidality in older adults by investigating the prevalence, characteristics, risk and protective factors of suicidal phenomena in community-dwelling older adults (60+) in Flanders, specifically of a current wish to die (WTD) and lifetime suicidal ideation and behaviour (LSIB). METHOD: Cross-sectional data from the Belgian Ageing Studies (BAS) is used (N = 3050). The BAS aims to monitor the needs and quality of life of community-dwelling older adults through a standardised survey. Statistical methods used are bivariate analyses and binary logistic regression. RESULTS: Prevalence rates of 4.8% for WTD and 8.2% for LSIB are found. LSIB is the biggest predictor of a current WTD, followed by requiring support on three domains, elder abuse, depression and subjective cognitive complaints, and elder abuse were significant risk factors for both WTD and LSIB. Limited effects of protective factors were found. CONCLUSION: Previous research regarding risk factors to be confirmed in this study, and new insights on the effect of elder abuse, subjective indicators of cognitive complaints and requiring support are added. Further research into protective factors and underlying mechanisms is required.

Disclosure and Reporting of Abuse Against Older Adults: Perspectives of Older Adults with Abuse Histories and Service Providers in Alberta, Canada.

This exploratory qualitative study seeks to understand the barriers and facilitators of disclosure and reporting of abuse against older adults by conducting interviews with older adults with lived experience of abuse and service providers working directly with this population in Alberta, Canada. Thematic analysis revealed three key themes: (1) Barriers to disclosure and reporting of abuse; (2) Facilitators to disclosure and reporting; and (3) Key tensions between service providers' and older adults' perceptions of the disclosure and reporting process. Based on these findings, we offer recommendations to increase awareness, promote disclosure, and improve services for older adults experiencing abuse.

Social Workers' Perceptions Regarding Legal Intervention for Older Adults without Significant Cognitive Decline Who Are Abused by Their Adult Child.

Social workers aiding older adults facing abuse from their adult child confront an ethical dilemma: whether to honor autonomy or prevent harm. The study explores how social workers perceive legal intervention against the older adult's will. Twenty-one aging-specialized social workers took part in semi-structured interviews using a vignette. The analysis was conducted inductively, guided by content analysis principles. Two main themes emerged, focusing on the disadvantages and benefits of legal intervention. The findings underscore that combining teleological and deontological considerations could form a foundation for developing decision-making tools to aid social workers in navigating this dilemma effectively.

"Just pee in the diaper" - a constructivist grounded theory study of moral distress enabling neglect in nursing homes.

BACKGROUND: A growing body of evidence shows that many nursing home residents' basic care needs are neglected, and residents do not receive qualitatively good care. This neglect challenges nursing staff´s professional and personal ideals and standards for care and may contribute to moral distress. The aim of this study was to investigate how nursing staff manage being a part of a neglectful work culture, based on the research question: "How do nursing home staff manage their moral distress related to neglectful care practices?" METHODS: A qualitative design was chosen, guided by Charmaz´s constructivist grounded theory. The study was based on 10 individual interviews and five focus group discussions (30 participants in total) with nursing home staff working in 17 different nursing homes in Norway. RESULTS: Nursing staff strive to manage their moral distress related to neglectful care practices in different ways: by favouring efficiency and tolerating neglect they adapt to and accept these care practices. By disengaging emotionally and retreating physically from care they avoid confronting morally distressing situations. These approaches may temporarily mitigate the moral distress of nursing staff, whilst also creating a staff-centred and self-protecting work culture enabling neglect in nursing homes. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings represent a shift from a resident-centred to a staff-centred work culture, whereby the nursing staff use self-protecting strategies to make their workday manageable and liveable. This strongly indicates a compromise in the quality of care that enables the continuation of neglectful care practices in Norwegian nursing homes. Finding ways of breaking a downward spiralling quality of care are thus a major concern following our findings.

From a humble identity to an identity of respect: lifetime abuse among Arab Israeli older women.

This study addresses the retrospective experiences of older Arab Israeli women after a lifetime of living in the shadow of intimate partner violence. Qualitative research was conducted, using in-depth, semi-structured interviews of 15 Arab Israeli older women. Underlying this study is a feminist perspective and a life course perspective. Two main themes emerged: (1) socially endorsed violence against Arab Israeli women. This took several forms: men's dominant position and women's dependence, sources of violence used against women before and after marriage, and the social education of women to accept their fate. (2) The construction of a multifaceted survival identity throughout Arab Israeli women's life and old age. This identity has a variety of dimensions, including: a submissive victim identity, a rehabilitative identity of respect in old age, and a form of split identity that combines both the rehabilitative social identity and the marginal identity still experienced within the home.

The relationship between social support and dimensions of elder maltreatment: a systematic review and Meta-analysis.

INTRODUCTION AND AIMS: Many studies have investigated the relationship between social support and the prevention of elder abuse; however, their results are somehow inconsistent in terms of the association. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the published studies on the relationship between social support and the prevention of elder maltreatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An electronic search was conducted until January 2023, using such databases as PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. The present research included cross-sectional, longitudinal, and case-control studies. Study selection, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment were conducted by two researchers independently. The Newcastle-Ottawa checklist was utilized to evaluate the quality of studies. The random effects model was employed to perform a meta-analysis. RESULTS: In total, 32 studies were included in this systematic review, out of which 26 articles were eligible for meta-analysis. The results showed that 68.75% of the studies were of high quality, and there is a significant relationship between social support and elder maltreatment. Accordingly, the lack of social support increased overall maltreatment (odds ratio: 1.24, 95% confidence interval: 1.16-1.33; I2 = 92.3%, p = 0.000)). Moreover, lack of social support had an increasing effect on the level of psychological abuse (1.55, 1.18-2.04; 88.7%, p = 0.000), physical abuse (1.31, 0.42-4.11; 76.3%, p = 0.005), and neglect (2.02, 0.86-4.72; 87.9%, p = 0.000), which shows heterogeneities among the results of the included studies. On the contrary, the lack of social support showed a decreasing effect on financial abuse (0.92, 0.70-1.21; 62.1%, p = 0.022). CONCLUSION: This systematic review provides evidence that social support in the form of structural or functional support may plays an important role in improving the quality of life of the elderly.

Do indesejável ao (in)evitável: velhice estigmatizada na pandemia da Covid-19 / From the undesirable to the (in) preventable: old age stigmatized in the Covid-19 pandemic / De lo indeseable a lo (in) evitable: vejez estigmatizada enla pandemia de Covid-19

O artigo tem por objetivo analisar as representações sociais sobre a imagem da pessoa idosa associadas a pandemia de COVID-19 nas publicações do Instagram. Caracteriza-se como um estudo exploratório, descritivo, de abordagem qualitativa, com estratégia de investigação pautada no estudo de caso. Os dados consistiram em 19 memes publicados na internet na rede social Instagram por meio da busca aleatória do maior número possível de memes, a partir do buscador "idoso" e "quarentena". A partir da Técnica de Análise de Conteúdo proposta por Bardin emergiram duas categorias analíticas: Categoria 1. Recolhimento/enclausuramento da pessoa idosa (52,63%) e Categoria 2. Impedimento/limitação da mobilidade das pessoas idosas fora de casa (47,37%). As representações sociais acerca da pessoa idosa publicadas nas redes sociais relacionadas ao caso da COVID-19 desvelaram um sentido negativo atribuído ao envelhecer e demonstram como há um processo de naturalização da estigmatização e invisibilidade da violência contra pessoas idosas. (AU)

The article aims to analyze the social representations of the image of the elderly associated with the COVID-19 pandemic in Instagram publications. It is characterized as an exploratory, descriptive study with a qualitative approach, with an investigation strategy based on the case study.The data consisted of 19 memes published on the internet on the social network Instagramthrough the random search of the largest possible number of memes, using the search engine "elderly" and "quarantine". From the Content Analysis Technique proposed by Bardin, two analytical categories emerged: Category 1. Withdrawal/enclosure of the elderly person (52.63%) and Category 2. Impediment/limitation of mobility of elderly people outside the home (47.37 %). The social representations about the elderly person published on social networks related to the case of COVID-19 revealed a negative meaning attributed to aging and demonstrate how there is a process of naturalization of stigmatization and invisibility of violence against the elderly. (AU)

El artículo tiene como objetivo analizar las representaciones sociales de la imagen del anciano asociado a la pandemia COVID-19 en publicaciones de Instagram. Se caracteriza por ser un estudio exploratorio, descriptivo con enfoque cualitativo, con una estrategia de investigación basada en el estudio de caso. Los datos consistieron en 19 memes publicados en Internet en la red social Instagram através de la búsqueda aleatoria del mayor número posiblede memes, utilizando el motor de búsqueda "ancianos" y "cuarentena". De la Técnica de Análisis de Contenidos propuesta por Bardin surgieron dos categorías analíticas: Categoría 1. Retiro/encerramiento del anciano (52,63%) y Categoría 2. Impedimento/limitación de la movilidad de los ancianos fuera del hogar (47,37%). Las representaciones sociales sobre las personas mayores publicadas en las redes sociales relacionadas con el caso de COVID-19 revelaron un significado negativo atribuido al envejecimiento y demuestran cómo hay un proceso de naturalización de la estigmatización e invisibilidad de la violencia contra las personas mayores. (AU)

Violência na velhice: representações sociais elaboradas por pessoas idosas / Violencia en la vejez: representaciones sociales elaboradas por personas mayores / Violence in old age: social representations elaborated by elderly people

Resumo Objetivo analisar as representações sociais, para homens e mulheres idosos, acerca da violência na velhice. Método estudo qualitativo baseado no referencial teórico-metodológico das representações sociais. Participaram 40 idosos usuários de Unidades de Saúde da Família em João Pessoa-PB, Brasil, através de entrevistas individuais, organizadas e submetidas ao software IRAMUTEQ, por meio da Classificação Hierárquica Descendente. Resultados a análise apontou cinco classes: Suscetibilidade da pessoa idosa; Prevenção da violência; Responsabilidade social; Expressão social da violência ao idoso; e Violência intrafamiliar. Os dados denotam que as representações da violência são expressas por fatores individuais, comunitários e relacionais/sociais, revelando algumas diferenças de gênero. Conclusões e implicações para a prática percebe-se que o gênero é elemento significativo nas representações. Enquanto os homens indicaram a necessidade de prevenção do fenômeno por meio da educação e responsabilização social, as mulheres apontaram noções subjetivas, incluindo abusos cometidos por familiares, e destacaram a relevância do profissional de saúde para a sua identificação. Tais aspectos apartam singularidades que carecem de um olhar apurado da enfermagem e demais profissionais das equipes da atenção básica, reconhecendo possíveis casos, notificando-os e agindo intersetorialmente para a interrupção das situações verificadas.

Resumen Objetivo analizar las representaciones sociales, de hombres y mujeres mayores, sobre la violencia en la vejez. Método estudio cualitativo basado en el referencial teórico-metodológico de las representaciones sociales. Los participantes fueron 40 personas mayores usuarios de Unidades de Salud de la Familia en João Pessoa-PB, Brasil, a través de entrevistas individuales, organizadas y enviadas al software IRAMUTEQ, por medio de la Clasificación Jerárquica Descendente. Resultados el análisis evidenció cinco clases: Susceptibilidad de los mayores; Prevención de la violencia; Responsabilidad social; Expresión social de la violencia contra los mayores; y Violencia intrafamiliar. Los datos muestran que las representaciones de la violencia son expresadas por factores individuales, comunitarios y relacionales/sociales, revelando algunas diferencias de género. Conclusiones e implicaciones para la práctica se percibe que el género es un elemento significativo en las representaciones. Mientras los hombres señalaron la necesidad de prevenir el fenómeno a través de la educación y la responsabilidad social, las mujeres señalaron nociones subjetivas, incluyendo los abusos cometidos por familiares, y destacaron la relevancia del profesional de la salud para su identificación. Tales aspectos separan singularidades que carecen de una mirada certera por parte de la enfermería y demás profesionales de los equipos de atención primaria, reconociendo posibles casos, notificándolos y actuando intersectorialmente para interrumpir las situaciones verificadas.

Abstract Objective to analyze the social representations, for elderly men and women, about violence in old age. Method qualitative study based on the theoretical-methodological framework of social representations. Participants were 40 elderly users of Family Health Units in João Pessoa-PB, Brazil, through individual interviews, organized and submitted to the IRAMUTEQ software, concluded by the Descending Hierarchical Classification. Results the analysis pointed to five classes: Susceptibility of the elderly; Violence prevention; Social responsibility; Social expression of violence against the elderly; and Intrafamily violence. The data show that the representations of violence are expressed by individual, community and relational/social factors, revealing some gender differences. Conclusions and implications for practice it is clear that gender is a significant element in representations. While men indicated the need to prevent the phenomenon through education and social accountability, women pointed to subjective notions, including abuses committed by family members, and highlighting the relevance of the health professional for its identification. Such aspects separate out singularities that lack an accurate look from nursing and other professionals of the primary care teams, recognizing possible cases, notifying them and acting intersectorally to interrupt the situations verified.

Lágrimas de solidão: similitudes reacionais no luto por perdas e abandono na velhice / Tears of Solitude: Reactive Similarities in the Struggle for Loss and Abandonment in Old Age / Lágrimas de Soledad: similitudes reactivas ante el luto por la pérdida y el abandono en la vejez

Este artigo aborda o luto por abandono e perdas na velhice, fundamentado na Teoria do Apego e na Psicologia do Luto. Consiste num estudo descritivo, do tipo relato de experiência, resultado da atuação num projeto de extensão realizado numa Instituição de Longa Permanência para Idosos de Fortaleza, CE, Brasil. Discute-se a caracterização do projeto EntreLAÇOS e o perfil do público atendido; o luto relacionado ao envelhecimento, ao abandono e à institucionalização, bem como intervenções em luto com idosos institucionalizados. Evidencia diferenças no luto de si mesmo pela velhice e por abandono de acordo com suas especificidades, embora se observem semelhanças nas reações emocionais entre essas perdas.

Este artículo trata sobre el duelo por abandono y pérdidas en la vejez, basado en la teoría del apego y en la psicología del dolor. Consiste en un estudio descriptivo, del tipo de informe de experiencia, resultado del desempeño en un proyecto de extensión llevado a cabo en una institución a largo plazo para ancianos en Fortaleza, CE, Brasil. Se discute la caracterización del proyecto EntreLAÇOS y el perfil del público servido; duelo relacionado con el envejecimiento, el abandono y la institucionalización; así como intervenciones de duelo con ancianos institucionalizados. Muestra diferencias en el duelo de uno mismo por la vejez y por el abandono de acuerdo con sus especificidades, aunque hay similitudes en las reacciones emocionales entre estas pérdidas.

This article addresses the mourning for abandonment and reproduction of old age, based on Theory of Attachment and on Psychology of Grief. It consists of a descriptive study, of the type of experience report, result of the performance in the extension project carried out in the Institution of Long Stay for the Elderly of Fortaleza, CE, Brazil. Discuss a characterization of the EntreLAÇOS project and the profile of the public served; mourning related to aging, abandonment and institutionalization; as well as reproduce in mourning with institutionalized elderly. Evidence of differences in ignition and abandonment according to their specificities, although there are similarities in the emotional changes between these changes.

El maltrato a los ancianos o el no mejor trato. Realidad y retos / Mistreatment or not the best treatment to the elder. Reality and challenge

Existe incongruencia en las definiciones e interpretación del abuso hacia los adultos mayores. Una definición apropiada y unificada es la que expone la Organización Mundial de la Salud, según la cual el abuso hacia el adulto mayor es cualquier acto aislado o repetitivo, o la falta de acción apropiada, ocurrida en cualquier relación de la que se espera confianza y seguridad, que causa daño o malestar a la persona mayor. El maltrato y el no mejor trato de este grupo de personas, es un problema a resolver a escala mundial. En este artículo se abordan los aspectos relacionados con el tema, algunos tipos de maltrato y causas identificadas en estudios realizados, así como la necesidad de estrategias y medidas para combatirlo, no solo en el sector salud, sino en la sociedad en general. Cuba no permanece al margen de esta problemática; la población cubana envejece y es preocupante el reto que representan las enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles en ese sentido, sobre todo el cáncer, la demencia, la discapacidad y la postración por diferentes causas, dolencias más frecuentes en las personas ancianas.

There is inconsistency in the definition and understanding of abuse to the elder. An appropriate and unified definition is presented by the World Health Organization. It states that elder abuse is any isolated or repeated act, or the absence of appropriate action, that occurs in any relation from which confidence and safety is expected and produces damage or general discomfort. Mistreatment and the not best treatment to these people is a problem to be solved worldwide. In this article issues related to the topic are approached, some types of mistreatment, causes identified in studies carried out so as strategies and actions to fight them. These aspects are presented not only for the health system but for the society as well. Cuba is not exempted of this situation; the Cuban population ages and chronic non communicable diseases are a challenge to be concerned, mainly cancer, dementia, disability and prostration due to different causes which are the most frequent illnesses in elder people.

Violência contra idosos: concepções dos profissionais de enfermagem acerca da detecção e prevenção / Violencia contra ancianos: conceptos de profesionales de enfermería sobre la detección y prevención / Violence against the elderly: the conceptions of nursing professionals regarding detection and prevention

Resumo OBJETIVO Analisar as concepções dos profissionais de enfermagem atuantes em Unidades Básicas de Saúde quanto à detecção e prevenção de idosos violentados. MÉTODOS Estudo descritivo, exploratório, qualitativo. Realizado em duas UBS, Mossoró/RN, utilizando roteiro de entrevista semiestruturada, em março a agosto de 2013. Amostra composta por quatro enfermeiros e seis técnicos de enfermagem. Realizada análise de conteúdo. RESULTADOS Identificaram-se 4 categorias: Estratégias utilizadas para identificar a violência contra o idoso; Tipos de violências contra o idoso; Conduta utilizada após constatação de uma suspeita de violência; SUS e a problemática da violência contra o idoso. Muitos profissionais reconhecem/desconfiam dos possíveis casos, entretanto, não sabem como proceder. A dimensão do problema exige que sejam realizadas intervenções pragmáticas no meio clínico e no contexto social. CONCLUSÕES Há necessidade de educação permanente para profissionais e maior comunicação entre as instâncias responsáveis pela denúncia e acolhimento.

Resumen OBJETIVO Analizar los conceptos de enfermeros activos en unidades básicas de la salud sobre la detección y prevención del maltrato hacia personas ancianas. MÉTODOS Estudio exploratorio, descriptivo y cualitativo, realizado en dos UBS, en Mossoro/RN, por medio de entrevistas semiestructuradas entre marzo y agosto de 2013. Se realizó el estudio con cuatro enfermeros y seis técnicos de enfermería. Se llevó a cabo el análisis de contenido. RESULTADOS El análisis se divide en 4 categorías: Estrategias utilizadas para identificar la violencia contra ancianos; Tipos de violencia contra personas mayores; Acción utilizada luego de detectarse la violencia; y SUS y el tema de la violencia contra ancianos. Muchos profesionales reconocen/desconfían de los posibles casos, sin embargo, no saben cómo proceder. La magnitud del problema requiere de intervenciones pragmáticas que se lleven a cabo en el ámbito clínico y en el contexto social. CONSIDERACIONES FINALES Existe la necesidad de una educación continua para profesionales y una mayor comunicación entre los organismos responsables de la queja y acogida.

Abstract OBJECTIVE To analyze the conceptions of the nursing professionals working in Basic Health Units regarding the detection and prevention of violence against the elderly. METHODS Descriptive, exploratory, qualitative study. Performed in two BHUs in Mossoró/RN, using a semi-structured interview script, from March to August of 2013. Sample composed of four nurses and six nursing technicians. The content analysis, pre-analysis, material exploration, and treatment of results were performed. RESULTS Four categories were identified: Strategies used to identify violence against the elderly; Types of violence against the elderly; Conduct used after finding a suspicion of violence; SUS and the problem of violence against the elderly. Many professionals recognize/distrust possible cases, however, they do not know how to proceed. The dimension of the problem requires that pragmatic interventions be performed in the clinical setting and in the social context. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS There is a need for continuing education for professionals and greater communication between the bodies responsible for reporting and embracement.

Representações sociais da violência contra mulheres rurais para um grupo de idosas / Representaciones sociales de la violencia contra mujeres rurales para un grupo de ancianas / Social representations of violence against women for a group of rural elderly

Resumo OBJETIVO Compreender as representações sociais da violência contra mulheres rurais, na perspectiva de idosas, considerando geração e gênero como influência nesse agravo. MÉTODOS Estudo qualitativo, fundamentado na Teoria das Representações Sociais. Realizado com 12 mulheres rurais idosas de um município do Rio Grande do Sul em julho e agosto de 2013.Os dados obtidos por meio de técnica projetiva e entrevistas semiestruturadas foram analisados através do referencial das Representações Sociais e análise de conteúdo. RESULTADOS De um lado, as idosas representam a violência como distante, ancorada em atos extremos de agressão. Por outro, a representam como presente em suas relações, mostrando-se vulneráveis à dominação dos homens no contexto de vida e trabalho. CONCLUSÕES Revelou-se a invisibilidade da violência contra mulheres idosas no contexto rural, onde a figura masculina se sobrepõe à feminina.

Resumen OBJETIVO Comprender las representaciones sociales de la violencia contra mujeres rurales, en la perspectiva de ancianas, teniendo en cuenta generación y género como influencia en ese agravio. MÉTODOS Estudio cualitativo, basado en la teoría de la Representación Social. Realizado con 12 mujeres rurales ancianas, en una ciudad en Rio Grande do Sul en julio y agosto de 2013. Los datos obtenidos por medio de técnica proyectiva y entrevistas semiestructuradas fueron analizados a través del referencial de las Representaciones Sociales y análisis de contenido. RESULTADOS Por un lado, las ancianas representan la violencia como distante, anclada en actos extremos de agresión. Por otro, la representan como presente en sus relaciones, mostrándose vulnerables a la dominación de los hombres en el contexto de vida y trabajo. CONCLUSIÓN Se reveló la invisibilidad de la violencia contra las mujeres mayores en el medio rural, donde la figura masculina se superpone a la hembra.

Abstract OBJECTIVE Understand the social representations of violence against rural women, from the perspective of the elderly, considering how the generation and gender influence this aggravation. METHODS Qualitative study, based on the Theory of Social Representations.It was carried out with 12 elderly rural women from a city of Rio Grande do Sul, in July and August of 2013. The data obtained through a projective technique and semi-structured interviews has been analyzed through the reference of the Social Representations and content analysis. RESULTS On one hand, the elderly represent violence as distant distress, anchored in extreme acts of aggression. On the other hand, they represent it as present in their relationships, showing themselves vulnerable to the domination of men in the context of life and work. CONCLUSIONS It was revealed the invisibility of violence against elderly women in the rural context, where the male figure overlaps with the female.

Maus-tratos a idosos: perfil das vítimas, vínculo com o agressor e atuação dos profissionais / Ill-treament of the elderly: profile of the victims, bond with the aggressor and work of professionals

O envelhecimento populacional vem aumentando nos últimos anos e, associado a isso, tem-se o aumento das doenças crônicas, dependência e os maus-tratos aos idosos. O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar quais as causas de maus-tratos em idosos, onde ocorrem e quais as pessoas responsáveis por esses maus-tratos e a atuação dos profissionais em relação a isso. Trata-se de estudo qualitativo e de revisão de literatura baseada em publicações nacionais e internacionais publicadas num recorte temporal de 13 (treze) anos. Os dados apontam que, as vítimas que mais sofrem com maus-tratos/ violência são as mulheres, a violência física é a mais relatada, seguida da violência psicológica, a pessoa que mais pratica os tipos de maus-tratos/violência contra o idoso são os fi lhos seguidos pelos demais membros da família, o local onde mais ocorrem os abusos é no domicílio e os profissionais de saúde precisam de qualificação para identificar maus-tratos/violência no idoso. Conclui-se que a avaliação dos riscos relacionados aos maus-tratos contra os idosos é imprescindível, pois através dessa avaliação a assistência adequada poderá ser prestada.

Population aging has increased in recent years and associated with this, there is the increase in chronic diseases, addiction and mistreatment of the elderly. The objective of this study was to identify the causes of ill-treatment in the elderly, where they occur and what the people responsible for this abuse and the work of professionals in this regard. This is a qualitative study and literature review based on national and international publications published in a time frame of thirteen (13) years. The data indicate that the victims who suffer most from abuse / violence are women, physical violence is the most reported, followed by psychological violence, the person who most practical types of abuse / violence against the elderly are the children followed by other family members, where most abuses occur is in the home and health professionals need skills to identify abuse / violence in the elderly. It is concluded that the risk assessment related to mistreatment of the elderly is essential, because through this assessment appropriate assistance can be provided.

Viver a velhice em ambiente institucionalizado / Living old age in an institutional environment

A maior sobrevida do ser humano, muitas vezes, associada a enfermidades crônicas, próprias do processo de envelhecer, torna a institucionalização do idoso cada vez mais comum. O objetivo do estudo foi conhecer o processo de viver a velhice em um ambiente institucionalizado. A pesquisa foi qualitativa, com participação de oito idosos institucionalizados. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de entrevista com questões norteadoras, observação participante e diário de campo. A análise dos dados se deu mediante a técnica de análise de conteúdo. A média de idade do grupo era de 77,62 anos e oito anos de internação, com nível primário de escolaridade. Dentre os motivos da institucionalização foram citados os conflitos familiares e o abandono. Os idosos destacaram que viver a velhice nesse ambiente é conviver com a perda e a quebra dos laços familiares, sem liberdade, autonomia e independência, mas é também ter acesso a serviços de saúde e cuidados diários, que não possuíam fora da ILPI. Viver a velhice em uma Instituição de Longa Permanência limita as possibilidades de o idoso manter-se independente, fator fundamental para sua saúde, o que nos remete a considerar que o estado e a sociedade precisam assumir um papel mais pró-ativo no cuidado desses idosos criando mecanismos para que a assistência integral à saúde desse segmento seja garantida.

The longer survival of the human being, often associated with the number of chronic diseases, natural of the aging process, makes the institutionalization of the elderly increasingly common. The objective of this study was to know the process of living in an institutionalized environment. The research was qualitative, with the participation of eight elderly people. Data collection was conducted through interviews with leading questions, participant observation and field diary. The data and analysis was performed using the technique of content analysis. The age average of the group was 77.62 years and eight years of living in institution, with the primary level of schooling. Among the reasons cited for institutionalization were the family conflict and abandonment. The elderly people highlighted that living the old age in this environment means to live with the loss and the breaking of family ties, without freedom, autonomy and independence. However, they also consider that it means to have access to health services and daily care that they did not have outside of Long-Term Care Institution for Elders. Living in a long-term institution restricts the ability of the elderly to remain independent, that is a fundamental factor to their health, this leads us to believe that the state and society need to take a more proactive role in the care of the elderly and to create mechanisms so that full time health assistance to this age group is guaranteed.

Idosos vítimas de violência: fatoressociodemográficos e subsídios para futuras intervenções / Elderly victims of violence: sociodemographic factors and subsidies for future interventions

A literatura em Psicologia indica que a prevalência de violência contra idosos é maior na esfera doméstica do que em outros contextos, mas é subnotificado. Nesse sentido, é necessário identificar indicadores sociais que são associados à violência. O presente estudo teve como objetivo levantar qual o tipo mais comum de violência contra idosos, comparar o perfil dos idosos que sofreram violência doméstica com idosos da população geral e levantar quais foram seus principais agressores. Foram analisados 712 prontuários de um serviço de disque-denúncia de uma cidade no interior de São Paulo. Os resultados apontam que a maioria dos casos envolvia negligência ou abandono. O perfil dos idosos vítimas de violência era significativamente diferente da população geral de idosos em relação a sua escolaridade, estado civil e etnia. Os principais denunciados foram seus filhos. Estes dados podem subsidiar o preparo de intervenções capazes de reduzir a prevalência de casos de violência contra idosos...

Research in psychology indicates that the prevalence of elder abuse is higherin the domestic sphere than in other contexts, but it is under-reported. Assuch, the identification of social indicators associated with this form ofviolence is needed. This study aimed to compare the sociodemographic profile of elderly people who suffered abuse with data for the general population of elderly people. We analyzed 712 medical records registered in a hotline service in a city in the interior of the state of Sao Paulo, Brazil. The results indicate that most of the cases involved neglect (43%) or abandonment (42%). The profile of the elderly who suffered abuse was significantly different from the general population of seniors with respect to their educational level, marital status and ethnicity. The primary perpetrators were their adult children. These data provide information that can contribute to the preparation of interventions to reduce the prevalenceof elder abuse...

Sentimentos e atitudes de crianças em relação aos maus tratos a pessoas idosas / Children's feelings and attitudes regarding elder abuse / Sentimientos y actitudes de niños en relación a malos tratos a personas ancianas

O estudo objetivou conhecer sentimentos e atitudes de crianças em relação aos maus tratos contra idosos. Estudo de abordagem qualitativa para o qual foram entrevistadas 52 crianças de sete a dez anos de idade utilizando-se de questões abertas. As respostas foram gravadas, transcritas e realizou-se análise de conteúdo, modalidade temática. Foram identificados dois grandes temas: Reação das crianças diante dos maus tratos aos idosos, tema no qual a categoria mais citada foi "ajudando de alguma forma", seguida de "não sabendo o que fazer temendo represálias" e "reagindo da mesma maneira com o agressor"; Sentimento das crianças diante dos maus tratos aos idosos, no qual as categorias foram "ficando triste/chateado", "reconhecendo o idoso como frágil" e "não identificando o sentimento". Explorar percepções das crianças sobre tema de relevância social como os maus tratos aos idosos torna possível que profissionais de saúde desenvolvam estratégias para informá-las e instrumentalizá-las sobre o assunto...

The objective of this study was to understand children's feelings and attitudes regarding elder abuse. This qualitative study was performed with 52 children of ages between seven and ten years, who were interviewed using open questions. The answers were recorded, transcribed and submitted to thematic content analysis. Two large themes were identified: The children's reaction in face of elder abuse, a theme in which the most stated category was "doing something to help", followed by "not knowing what to do due to the fear of punishment" and "reacting the same way against the assailant"; The children's feelings in face of elder abuse, which comprised the categories "becoming sad/upset", "recognizing the elder as frail" and "not being able to identify the feeling". By exploring children's perceptions regarding themes with social relevance, such as elder abuse, permits healthcare professionals to develop strategies to inform and support them regarding the issue...

Se objetivó conocer sentimientos y actitudes de niños en relación a malos tratos contra ancianos. Estudio cualitativo, para el que fueron entrevistados 52 niños de siete a diez años, utilizándose preguntas abiertas. Las respuestas fueron grabadas, transcriptas, y se realizó análisis de contenido, modalidad temática. Se identificaron dos grandes temas: Reacción de los niños ante los malos tratos a ancianos, tema en el cual la categoría más citada fue "ayudando de alguna forma", seguida de "no sabiendo qué hacer, temiendo represalias" y "reaccionando de la misma manera con el agresor"; y Sentimiento de los niños ante los malos tratos a ancianos, en el cual las categorías fueron "entristecido/enojado", "reconociendo al anciano como frágil" y "no identificando el sentimiento". Explorar percepciones de los niños sobre tema de relevancia social como malos tratos a ancianos hace posible que los profesionales de salud desarrollen estrategias para informarlos e instrumentalizarlos sobre el asunto...

Sentidos associados à violência para idosos e profissionais / Meanings associated with violence for elderly and professionals / Significados asociados con la violencia a las personas mayores y profesionales

Objetivos: Conhecer os sentidos associados à violência segundo os idosos e os profissionais. Métodos: Pesquisa exploratória comabordagem qualitativa, realizada no serviço de curadoria do cidadão/delegacia especializada, na cidade de João Pessoa-PB, através deuma entrevista semiestruturada com 30 idosos e 4 profissionais que atendem o idoso vitimado. Os dados obtidos das entrevistas foram processados pelo programa informático Alceste 4.8. Resultados: Os dados foram constituídos por um corpus correspondente a 34 entrevistas, com 86,87 por cento de aproveitamento, apontando para duas grandes classes: sentidos atribuídos a violência pelos idosos;profissionais e impacto da violência na vida do idoso segundo os sujeitos entrevistados. Conclusão: Os maus-tratos e a negligência contraos idosos constituem um grave problema, ainda não diagnosticado em toda a sua extensão, sobretudo no âmbito familiar e institucional,merecendo, portanto, maior atenção de órgãos governamentais e não governamentais.