Os itinerários terapêuticos de populações vulneráveis na Covid-19: uma revisão de escopo / Los itinerarios terapéuticos de poblaciones vulnerables en la Covid-19: una revisión de alcance / The therapeutic itineraries of vulnerable populations at Covid-19: a scoping review

Com o objetivo de investigar os Itinerários Terapêuticos percorridos pela população brasileira em situação de vulnerabilidade social na busca do cuidado em saúde durante a pandemia da Covid-19, foi realizada uma revisão de escopo de julho a novembro de 2021, conforme proposta de Joanna Briggs Institute, nas bases BVS, PubMed, Embase, Scielo, PsycInfo, Scopus e Web of Science, dentro do recorte de 2020 e 2021. Foram analisados 11 artigos subdivididos em três categorias: estratégias de cuidado das populações; ofertas em saúde; e dificuldades de acesso à saúde. O resultado explicitou lacunas e potencialidades existentes nos Itinerários Terapêuticos nessa busca do cuidado em saúde e como esses aspectos ficaram mais evidentes no período pandêmico. Percebeu-se um movimento por parte dessas populações vulneráveis para superar dificuldades cotidianas que determinam as condições desfavoráveis para os cuidados em saúde.(AU)

Con el objetivo de investigar los itinerarios terapéuticos recorridos a la búsqueda de cuidado de salud por parte de la población brasileña en situación de vulnerabilidad social durante la pandemia de Covid-19, se realizó, entre julio y noviembre de 2021, una revisión de alcance, conforme propuesta del Joanna Briggs Institute, en las bases BVS, PubMed, EMBASE, Scielo, PsycInfo, Scopus y Web of Science dentro del recorte de 2020 y 2021. Se analizaron 11 artículos subdivididos en tres categorías: estrategia de cuidado de las poblaciones; ofertas de salud; y dificultades de acceso a la salud. El resultado dejó claras las lagunas y potencialidades existentes en los itinerarios terapéuticos a la búsqueda del cuidado de salud de las poblaciones en situación de vulnerabilidad social y cómo esos aspectos quedaron más en evidencia en el período de la pandemia. Se percibió un movimiento por parte de esas poblaciones para superar dificultades cotidianas que determinan las condiciones desfavorables para los cuidados de salud.(AU)

With the objective of investigate the therapeutic itineraries followed for search the health care by the brazilian population in a situation of social vulnerability during the covid-19 pandemic, a scope review was carried out from July to September 2021, as proposed by the Joanna Briggs Institute, in the BVS, PubMed, EMBASE, Scielo, PsycInfo, Scopus and Web of Science databases within the 2020 and 2021 clippings. 11 articles were analyzed and divided into three categories: strategies care of population; health offerings; difficulties in accessing healthcare. Results explained gaps and potentialities existing on therapeutic itineraries in the search for health care for populations in a situation of social vulnerability and how these aspects became more evident in this pandemic period. There was a movement of this vulnerable populations to overcome the daily difficulties that determine the unfavorable conditions for health care.(AU)

Building Data and Information Capacity in Environmental Public Health: A Best-Worst Scaling Experiment.

CONTEXT: Environmental public health practitioners rely on information technology (IT) to maintain and improve environmental health. However, current systems have limited capacity. A better understanding of the importance of IT features is needed to enhance data and information capacity. OBJECTIVE: (1) Rank IT features according to the percentage of respondents who rated them as essential to an information management system and (2) quantify the relative importance of a subset of these features using best-worst scaling. DESIGN: Information technology features were initially identified from a previously published systematic review of software evaluation criteria and a list of software options from a private corporation specializing in inspection software. Duplicates and features unrelated to environmental public health were removed. The condensed list was refined by a working group of environmental public health management to a final list of 57 IT features. The essentialness of features was electronically rated by environmental public health managers. Features where 50% to 80% of respondents rated them as essential (n = 26) were subsequently evaluated using best-worst scaling. SETTING: Ontario, Canada. PARTICIPANTS: Environmental public health professionals in local public health. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Importance scores of IT features. RESULTS: The majority of IT features (47/57) were considered essential to an information management system by at least half of the respondents (n = 52). The highest-rated features were delivery to printer, software encryption capability, and software maintenance services. Of the 26 features evaluated in the best-worst scaling exercise, the most important features were orientation to all practice areas, off-line capability, and ability to view past inspection reports and results. CONCLUSIONS: The development of a single, unified environmental public health information management system that fulfills the reporting and functionality needs of system users is recommended. This system should be implemented by all public health units to support data and information capacity in local environmental public health. This study can be used to guide vendor evaluation, negotiation, and selection in local environmental public health, and provides an example of academia-practice partnerships and the use of best-worst scaling in public health research.

Brain Tumor Database, a free relational database for collection and analysis of brain tumor patient information.

In this study, we describe the development and utilization of a relational database designed to manage the clinical and radiological data of patients with brain tumors. The Brain Tumor Database was implemented using MySQL v.5.0, while the graphical user interface was created using PHP and HTML, thus making it easily accessible through a web browser. This web-based approach allows for multiple institutions to potentially access the database. The BT Database can record brain tumor patient information (e.g. clinical features, anatomical attributes, and radiological characteristics) and be used for clinical and research purposes. Analytic tools to automatically generate statistics and different plots are provided. The BT Database is a free and powerful user-friendly tool with a wide range of possible clinical and research applications in neurology and neurosurgery. The BT Database graphical user interface source code and manual are freely available at http://tumorsdatabase.altervista.org.

Protecting privacy in a clinical data warehouse.

Peking University has several prestigious teaching hospitals in China. To make secondary use of massive medical data for research purposes, construction of a clinical data warehouse is imperative in Peking University. However, a big concern for clinical data warehouse construction is how to protect patient privacy. In this project, we propose to use a combination of symmetric block ciphers, asymmetric ciphers, and cryptographic hashing algorithms to protect patient privacy information. The novelty of our privacy protection approach lies in message-level data encryption, the key caching system, and the cryptographic key management system. The proposed privacy protection approach is scalable to clinical data warehouse construction with any size of medical data. With the composite privacy protection approach, the clinical data warehouse can be secure enough to keep the confidential data from leaking to the outside world.

Phi-square Lexical Competition Database (Phi-Lex): an online tool for quantifying auditory and visual lexical competition.

A widely agreed-upon feature of spoken word recognition is that multiple lexical candidates in memory are simultaneously activated in parallel when a listener hears a word, and that those candidates compete for recognition (Luce, Goldinger, Auer, & Vitevitch, Perception 62:615-625, 2000; Luce & Pisoni, Ear and Hearing 19:1-36, 1998; McClelland & Elman, Cognitive Psychology 18:1-86, 1986). Because the presence of those competitors influences word recognition, much research has sought to quantify the processes of lexical competition. Metrics that quantify lexical competition continuously are more effective predictors of auditory and visual (lipread) spoken word recognition than are the categorical metrics traditionally used (Feld & Sommers, Speech Communication 53:220-228, 2011; Strand & Sommers, Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 130:1663-1672, 2011). A limitation of the continuous metrics is that they are somewhat computationally cumbersome and require access to existing speech databases. This article describes the Phi-square Lexical Competition Database (Phi-Lex): an online, searchable database that provides access to multiple metrics of auditory and visual (lipread) lexical competition for English words, available at www.juliastrand.com/phi-lex .

Combined use of ESI-QqTOF-MS and ESI-QqTOF-MS/MS with mass-spectral library search for qualitative analysis of drugs.

The potential of the combined use of ESI-QqTOF-MS and ESI-QqTOF-MS/MS with mass-spectral library search for the identification of therapeutic and illicit drugs has been evaluated. Reserpine was used for standardizing experimental conditions and for characterization of the performance of the applied mass spectrometric system. Experiments revealed that because of the mass accuracy, the stability of calibration, and the reproducibility of fragmentation, the QqTOF mass spectrometer is an appropriate platform for establishment of a tandem-mass-spectral library. Three-hundred and nineteen substances were used as reference samples to build the spectral library. For each reference compound, product-ion spectra were acquired at ten different collision-energy values between 5 eV and 50 eV. For identification of unknown compounds, a library search algorithm was developed. The closeness of matching between a measured product-ion spectrum and a spectrum stored in the library was characterized by a value called "match probability", which took into account the number of matched fragment ions, the number of fragment ions observed in the two spectra, and the sum of the intensity differences calculated for matching fragments. A large value for the match probability indicated a close match between the measured and the reference spectrum. A unique feature of the library search algorithm-an implemented spectral purification option-enables characterization of multi-contributor fragment-ion spectra. With the aid of this software feature, substances comprising only 1.0% of the total amount of binary mixtures were unequivocally assigned, in addition to the isobaric main contributors. The spectral library was successfully applied to the characterization of 39 forensic casework samples.

Development of a vendor agnostic, full disclosure system for capture, display, and storage of operative systems data.

We have developed a vendor agnostic, full disclosure system for the capture, display, and storage of operative systems data. This system allows door to door capture of data from multiple sources including monitors from competing vendors, integration under a single platform, and storage for future use. Full disclosure functionality includes the ability to retrieve and display archived data including full waveform and trend physiologic data, synchronized to the surgical video and other OR devices and data sources.

An electronic patient record implementation using clinical document architecture.

Electronic patient records (EPRs) provide the means for integrated access to patient information that may be scattered across dispersed healthcare organizations that, in general, use heterogeneous systems in order to support their internal functions. XML language and Clinical Document Architecture (CDA) provides a mechanism for defining, structuring, manipulating and visualizing patient medical data using the same semantics through web. In this paper, a prototype implementation of a web-based electronic patient record (EPR) system using XML for data format and CDA for defining and structuring patient clinical documents is presented.

Mobile guidelines for pharmacologic treatment of hypertension.

Mobile health technologies provide case studies with potentially rather huge impacts. Examples are provided e.g. by guidelines involving pharmacologic treatment. Knowledge and reasoning need to interact with information management, and often involves utility of various devices. Well organised databases for pharmacological information are also necessary for successful engineering of mobile extensions in these case studies.

Imaging-documented cardiovascular signal database for assessing methods for ischaemia analysis.

A new database of cardiovascular signals has recently been developed at the CNR Institute of Clinical Physiology in a study based on patients admitted to the Coronary Care Unit for suspected ischaemic heart disease (IHD), who underwent both ECG effort stress test and echo or radionuclide diagnostic imaging procedures associated with pharmacological test of myocardial ischaemia. During stress testing, in addition to 12-lead ECG, arterial blood pressure and respiration signals are measured non-invasively and recorded. Signals and representative image frames at baseline and during ischaemia are stored in the database, which is planned to include 50 cases, annotated beat by beat and archived on CD-ROM. Each case also contains resting ECG and a comprehensive patient clinical record; if possible Holter ECG and coronary arteriography frames.

Análise espectral e de coerência de padröes do siclo sono-vígilia do EEG neonatal / Spectral analysis of pastterns coherence of sllep-awake cicle of neonatal ECG

O espectro de potência e a coerência inter-hemisférica foram estimados para segmentos dos padrões do ciclo sono-vigélia Low Voltage Irregular, Misto e High Voltage Slow. Diferenças significativas entre estes padrões foram encontradas, através da ANOVA, em uma larga faixa de frequência, principalmente para o espectro de potência até 15 Hz.

[The application of interactive multimedia software in taxonomy and biological diversity studies]. / Aplicaciones de los programas multimedia interactivos a la taxonomía y a los estudios de diversidad biológica.

To study biodiversity and to monitor changes in our biological environment high quality taxonomic and distributional data are imperative. At present access to species information and identification keys is limited by the fact that literature is scattered over a vast amount of sources. Exchange of biodiversity data between various researchers is hampered by the lack of universal documentation tools. The introduction of PC's in biological sciences rendered thousands of small and medium sized databases in hundreds of different incompatible formats. Modern multimedia computer techniques, allowing nearly unlimited storage of graphic information in addition to text, will facilitate distribution of easy accessible data. The Linnaeus II software package for biodiversity documentation is an answer to these needs as it presents a universal tool for biologists to document biodiversity and exchange standardized data. Regularly updated electronic monographs on CD-ROM will form the basis for modern, fast accessible libraries.

Aplicaciones de los programas multimedia interactivos a la taxonomia y a los estudios de diversidad biológica / The application of interactive multimedia software in taxonomy and biological diversity studies

To study biodiversity and to monitor changes in our biological environmen imperative. At present access to species information and t high quality taxonomic and distributional data are identification keys is limited by the fact that literature is scattered over a vast amount of sources. Exchange of biodiversity data between various researchers is hampered by the lack of universal documentation tools. The introduction of PC's in biological sciences rendered thousands of small and medium sized databases in hundreds of different incompatible formats. Modern multimedia computer techniques, allowing nearly unlimited storage of graphic information in addition to text, will facilitate distribution of easy accessible data. The Linnaeus II software package for biodiversity documentation is an answer to these needs as it presents a universal tool for biologists to document biodiversity and exchange standardized data. Regularly updated electronic monographs on CD-ROM will form the basis for modern, fast accessible libraries