In-vitro and in-vivo antidiabetic activity of aerial parts of Aitchisonia rosea supported by phytochemical and GC-MS analysis.

Medicinal plants contain a wide variety of bioactive phytoconstituents which can serve as new therapeutic agents for several diseases. This study examines the antidiabetic potential of Aitchisonia rosea in alloxan-induced diabetic rats and identifies its bioactive phytoconstituents using GC-MS. In vitro, antidiabetic potential was established using the α-amylase inhibition assay. In vivo, antidiabetic potential was investigated by employing the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). GC-MS analysis was used to identify the bioactive phytoconstituents. The in vitro and in vivo tests showed that the aqueous extract of A. rosea possesses better antidiabetic potential. The α-amylase inhibition assay highlighted an IC50 value of 134.87µg/ml. In an oral glucose tolerance test, rats given an aqueous A. rosea extract significantly lowered their blood sugar levels significant reduction in the blood glucose concentration was observed in the oral glucose tolerance test in rats treated with the aqueous A. rosea extract. GC-MS investigation revealed many phytoconstituents, with serverogenin acetate and cycloheptasiloxane tetradecamethyl being important antidiabetic agents. This study found anti-diabetic properties in A. rosea extract. The phytochemical and GC-MS investigation also found serverogenin acetate and cycloheptasiloxane tetradecamethyl, which could be used to develop new antidiabetic drugs.

Chemical composition and anti-angiogenic activity of the essential oil from Blumea eriantha D.C.

Blumea eriantha D.C is a weed from Asteraceae family and is reported to have anticancer activity. The essential oil from the aerial parts was extracted by steam distillation method with the yield of 0.36%. Through GC-MS analysis of the oil, seventeen compounds could be identified by comparing with linear retention indices with the library. Out of the seventeen compounds ß-Caryophylline oxide was isolated by column chromatography with gradient elution and the structure was determined through FT-IR, MS, 1HNMR, 13 C NMR and DEPT. The oil was evaluated for its effect on angiogenesis using Chorioallantoic Membrane Assay (CAM Assay). The concentration dependent antiangiogenic effect was observed with IC 50 value of 19.28 ppm.

Rapid characterization of non-volatile phenolic compounds reveals the reliable chemical markers for authentication of traditional Chinese medicine Xiang-ru among confusing Elsholtzia species.

The aerial parts of Mosla chinensis Maxim. and Mosla chinensis cv. 'Jiangxiangru' (MCJ) are widely utilized in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), known collectively as Xiang-ru. However, due to clinical effectiveness concerns and frequent misidentification, the original plants have increasingly been substituted by various species within the genera Elsholtzia and Mosla. The challenge in distinguishing between these genera arises from their similar morphological and metabolic profiles. To address this issue, our study introduced a rapid method for metabolic characterization, employing high-resolution mass spectrometry-based metabolomics. Through detailed biosynthetic and chemometric analyses, we pinpointed five phenolic compounds-salviaflaside, cynaroside, scutellarein-7-O-D-glucoside, rutin, and vicenin-2-among 203 identified compounds, as reliable chemical markers for distinguishing Xiang-ru from closely related Elsholtzia species. This methodology holds promise for broad application in the analysis of plant aerial parts, especially in verifying the authenticity of aromatic traditional medicinal plants. Our findings underscore the importance of non-volatile compounds as dependable chemical markers in the authentication process of aromatic traditional medicinal plants.

Exploring the anti-inflammatory, sedative, antidiabetic, and antioxidant potential in in-vitro and in-vivo models and phenolic profiling of Atractylis aristata Batt.

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Atractylis aristata batt., as an endemic plant from the Asteraceae family, holds a significant position in the Ahaggar region of southern Algeria's traditional medicine. The aerial parts of Atractylis aristata was used to cure inflammation, fever, and stomach disorders. AIM OF THE STUDY: The objective of the present investigation was to ascertain the overall bioactive components and phytochemical components and examine the antioxidant, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, acute toxicity, and sedative properties of the crude extract obtained from the aerial portions of Atractylis aristata (AaME). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The AaME's antioxidant activity was assessed by the use of pyrogallol autoxidation, (1,1 diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) (DPPH), 2,2'-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), and reducing power (RP) techniques. 1 mg/mL of AaME was used to evaluate the antidiabetic activity by applying the enzyme α-amylase inhibitory power test. At the same time, the bovine serum albumin (BSA) denaturation method was employed to quantify the in vitro anti-inflammatory activity at different concentrations (1.5625, 0.78125, 0.390625, 0.1953125 and 0.09765625 mg/mL). In contrast, following the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) guideline No. 423, which covers acute oral toxicity testing protocols, the limit dosage test was employed to assess in vivo acute toxicity. At the dose of 0.08 mg/mL, the carrageenan-induced paw edema approach was used to assess the anti-inflammatory efficacy in vivo, and the sedative activity was carried out at the dose of 0.08 mg/mL using the measurement of the locomotor method. Different bioactive compounds were identified within AaME using LC-MS/MS and HPLC-UV analysis. RESULTS: The acute toxicity study showed no fatalities or noticeable neurobehavioral consequences at the limit test; this led to their classification in Globally Harmonized System (GHS) category Five, as the OECD guideline No 423 recommended. At a concentration of 0.08 mg/mL (2000 mg/kg), AaME showed apparent inhibition of paw edema and a significant (p = 0.01227) reduction in locomotor activity compared to the control animals. Our findings showed that AaME exhibited considerable antioxidant (IC50 = 0.040 ± 0.003 mg/mL (DPPH), IC50 = 0.005 ± 5.77 × 10-5 mg/mL (ABTS), AEAC = 91.15 ± 3.921 mg (RP) and IR% = 23.81 ± 4.276 (Inhibition rate of pyrogallol) and rebuts antidiabetic activities (I% = 57.6241% ± 2.81772). Our findings revealed that the maximum percentage of BSA inhibition (70.84 ± 0.10%) was obtained at 1.562.5 mg/mL. Thus, the AaME phytochemical profile performed using phytochemical screening, HPLC-UV, and LC-MS/MS analysis demonstrated that A. aristata can be a valuable source of chemicals with biological activity for pharmaceutical manufacturers. CONCLUSION: The phytochemical profiling, determined through HPLC-UV and LC-MS/MS applications, reveals this plant's therapeutic value. The aerial parts of Atractylis aristata contain bioactive molecules such as gallic acid, ascorbic acid, and quercetin, contributing to its significant antioxidant capabilities. Furthermore, identifying alizarin, the active compound responsible for its anti-inflammatory properties, could provide evidence supporting the anti-inflammatory capabilities of this subspecies.

Metabolites from Aerial Parts of Glycyrrhiza foetida as Modulators of Targets Related to Metabolic Syndrome.

A detailed phytochemical investigation has been carried out on the aerial parts of G. foetida leading to the isolation of 29 pure compounds, mainly belonging to the amorfrutin and polyphenol classes. Among them, the new amorfrutin N (5) and exiguaflavone L (21) were isolated and their structures elucidated by means of HR-ESIMS and NMR. All the isolated compounds were investigated for modulation of mitochondrial activity and stimulation of glucose uptake via GLUT transporters, two metabolic processes involved in intracellular glucose homeostasis, which, therefore, correlate with the incidence of metabolic syndrome. These experiments revealed that amorfrutins were active on both targets, with amorfrutin M (17) and decarboxyamorfrutin A (2) emerging as mitochondrial stimulators, and amorfrutin 2 (12) as a glucose uptake promoter. However, members of the rich chalcone/flavonoid fraction also proved to contribute to this activity.

Antiplatelet and Anticoagulant Effects of Two New Phenylpropanoid Sucrose Esters and Other Secondary Metabolites from the Aerial Part of Canna edulis.

This study isolated pure compounds from Canna edulis aerial parts and assessed their antiplatelet and anticoagulant potential. Structural elucidation resulted in the identification of two new compounds: caneduloside A (1) and caneduloside B (2), and eleven known compounds: 6'-acetyl-3,6,2'-tri-p-coumaroyl sucrose (3), 6'-acetyl-3,6,2'-triferuloyl sucrose (4), tiliroside (5), afzelin (6), quercitrin (7), 2-hydroxycinnamaldehyde (8), cinnamic acid (9), 3,4-dimethoxycinnamic acid (10), dehydrovomifoliol (11), 4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxybenzaldehyde (12), and (S)-(-)-rosmarinic acid (13). Compounds 3, 4, 6-9, 13 were previously reported for antithrombotic properties. Hence, antithrombotic tests were conducted for 1, 2, 5, 10-12. All tested compounds demonstrated a dose-dependent antiaggregatory effect, and 10 and 12 were the most potent for both ADP and collagen activators. Additionally, 10 and 12 showed anticoagulant effects, with prolonged prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time. The new compound 1 displayed antiplatelet and anticoagulant activity, while 2 mildly inhibited platelet aggregation. C. edulis is a potential source for developing antithrombotic agents.

Chemical Composition of Artemisia Scoparia and Their Bioactivities.

Three undescribed sesquiterpenes (1-3), two enantiomeric pairs of monoterpenes (4a/4b-5a/5b), one alkyne (6), two known alkynes (7-8) and eight known coumarins (9-16) were isolated from the aerial parts extracts of Artemisia scoparia. The structures of these compounds were fully elucidated by their 1D and 2D NMR, HRESIMS spectral data analyses, and comparison with literature. The absolute configurations of compounds were determined by single-crystal X-ray crystallography (1), a comparison of experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism (ECD) data (2-6). 15 showed moderate inhibitory activity with the NO release in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells. 9-16 showed varying degrees of promoting melanogenesis and tyrosinase activity in B16 cells.

Undescribed Lignanamide and Flavone C-Glucoside Isolated from the Aerial Parts of Piper Samentosum with NO Production Inhibitory Activity in LPS Activated RAW 264.7†Cells.

In this study, two undescribed compounds (1 and 2), together with eight known compounds (3-10) were isolated from the aerial parts of Piper samentosum by various chromatography methods. Their chemical structures were determined to be 7'''-oxolyciumamide N (1), vitexin 2''-O-ß-D-(6'''-feruloyl)-glucopyranoside (2), 1,2-dihydro-6,8-dimethoxy-7-hydroxy-1-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-N1,N2-bis-[2-(-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]-2,3-napthalene dicarboamide (3), vitexin 6''-O-ß-D-glucopyranoside (4), vitexin 2''-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (5), methyl 2-hydroxybenzoate-2-O-ß-D-apiofuranosyl-(1→2)-O-ß-D-glucopyranoside (6), ficuside G (7), methyl 2-O-ß-D-glucopyranosylbenzoate (8), methyl 2,5-dihydroxybenzoate-5-O-ß-D-glucopyranoside (9), and 3,7-dimethyloct-1-ene-3,6,7-triol 6-O-ß-D-glucopyranoside (10) by spectroscopic data analysis including HR-ESI-MS, 1D-, and 2D-NMR spectra. Compounds 1-5 inhibited nitric oxide production in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages with the IC50 values of 27.62, 74.03, 38.54, 70.39, and 44.95 µM, respectively. The NMR data of 9 were firstly reported herein.

Glucose Uptake-Stimulating Metabolites from Aerial Parts of Centaurea sicula.

A comprehensive phytochemical investigation of aerial parts obtained from Centaurea sicula L. led to the isolation of 14 terpenoids (1-14) and nine polyphenols (15-23). The sesquiterpenoid group (1-11) included three structural families, namely, elemanolides (1-6), eudesmanolides (7 and 8), and germacranolides (9-11) with four unreported secondary metabolites (5-8), whose structure has been determined by extensive spectroscopic analysis, including 1D/2D NMR, HR-MS, and chemical conversion. Moreover, an unprecedented alkaloid, named siculamide (24), was structurally characterized, and a possible biogenetic origin was postulated. Inspired by the traditional use of the plant and in the frame of ongoing research on compounds with potential activity on metabolic syndrome, all the isolated compounds were evaluated for their stimulation of glucose uptake, disclosing remarkable activity for dihydrocnicin (10) and the lignan salicifoliol (15).

Astraoleanosides E-P, oleanane-type triterpenoid saponins from the aerial parts of Astragalus membranaceus Bunge and their ß-glucuronidase inhibitory activity.

Historically, Astragalus membranaceus Bunge has been used as a beneficial medicinal plant, particularly in the Asian traditional medical systems, for the treatment of various human diseases such as stomach ulcers, diarrhea, and respiratory issues associated with phlegm. In this study, a phytochemical characterization of the aerial parts of A. membranaceusled to the isolation of 29 oleanane-type triterpenoid saponins, including 11 new compounds named astraoleanosides E-P (6-9, 13, 14, 18-22), as well as 18 known ones. The structures of these compounds were elucidated using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and high-resolution mass spectrometry. Among them, astraoleanoside H (9) and cloversaponin III (15) demonstrated the most potent ß-glucuronidase inhibitory activities, with IC50 values of 21.20 ± 0.75 and 9.05 ± 0.47 µM, respectively, compared to the positive control d-saccharic acid 1,4-lactone (IC50 = 20.62 ± 1.61 µM). Enzyme kinetics studies were then conducted to investigate the type of inhibition exhibited by these active compounds. In addition, the binding mechanism, key interactions, binding stability, and dynamic behavior of protein-ligand complexes were investigated through in silico approaches, such as molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations. These findings highlight the promising potential of triterpenoid saponins from A. membranaceus as lead compounds for ß-glucuronidase inhibitors, offering new possibilities for the development of therapeutic agents targeting various diseases where ß-glucuronidase plays a crucial role.

UHPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS metabolite profiles of different extracts from Pelargonium endlicherianum parts and their biological properties based on network pharmacological approaches.

In the present study, we aimed to investigate the chemical profiles and biological activities of different extracts (ethyl acetate, dichloromethane, ethanol, and water) of Pelargonium endlicherianum parts (aerial parts and roots). Free radical scavenging, reducing power, phosphomolybdenum, and metal chelating were assayed for antioxidant properties. To detect enzyme inhibitory properties, cholinesterase, amylase, glucosidase, and tyrosinase were chosen as target enzymes. The ethanol extract of the aerial parts contained higher amounts of total bioactive compounds (120.53 mg GAE/g-24.46 mg RE/g). The ethanol and water extracts of these parts were tentatively characterized by UHPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS and 95 compounds were annotated. In addition, the highest acetylcholiesterase (3.74 mg GALAE/g) and butyrylcholinesterase (3.92 mg GALAE/g) abilities were observed by the ethanol extract of roots. The water extract from aerial parts exhibited the most pronounced inhibitory effects on multiple cancer cell lines, especially A549 (IC50: 23.2 µg/mL) and HT-29 (IC50: 27.43 µg/mL) cells. Using network pharmacology, P. endlicherianum compounds were studied against cancer, revealing well-connected targets such as epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K), AKT, receptor tyrosine-protein kinase erbB-2, and growth factor receptor bound protein 2 (GRB2) with significant impact on cancer-related pathways. The results could open a new path from natural treasure to functional applications with P. endlicherianum and highlight a new study on other uninvestigated Pelargonium species.

Phenolic Compound, Antioxidant, Antibacterial, and In Silico Studies of Extracts from the Aerial Parts of Lactuca saligna L.

Medicinal plants are considered a major source for discovering novel effective drugs. To our knowledge, no studies have reported the chemical composition and biological activities of Moroccan Lactuca saligna extracts. In this context, this study aims to characterize the polyphenolic compounds distributed in hydro-methanolic extracts of L. saligna and evaluate their antioxidant and antibacterial activities; in addition, in silico analysis based on molecular docking and ADMET was performed to predict the antibacterial activity of the identified phenolic compounds. Our results showed the identification of 29 among 30 detected phenolic compounds with an abundance of dicaffeoyltartaric acid, luteolin 7-glucoronide, 3,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid, and 5-caffeoylquinic acid with 472.77, 224.30, 196.79, and 171.74 mg/kg of dried extract, respectively. Additionally, antioxidant activity assessed by DPPH scavenging activity, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay, and ferrous ion-chelating (FIC) assay showed interesting antioxidant activity. Moreover, the results showed remarkable antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Listeria monocytogenes with minimum inhibitory concentrations between 1.30 ± 0.31 and 10.41 ± 0.23 mg/mL. Furthermore, in silico analysis identified three compounds, including Apigenin 7-O-glucuronide, Quercetin-3-O-glucuronide, and 3-p-Coumaroylquinic acid as potent candidates for developing new antibacterial agents with acceptable pharmacokinetic properties. Hence, L. saligna can be considered a source of phytochemical compounds with remarkable activities, while further in vitro and in vivo studies are required to explore the main biological activities of this plant.

Purification, Molecular Docking and Cytotoxicity Evaluation of Bioactive Pentacyclic Polyhydroxylated Triterpenoids from Salvia urmiensis.

Triterpenoids, as one of the largest classes of naturally occurring secondary metabolites in higher plants, are of interest due to their high structural diversity and wide range of biological activities. In addition to several promising pharmacological activities such as antimicrobial, antiviral, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective effects, a large number of triterpenoids have revealed high potential for cancer therapy through their strong cytotoxicity on cancer cell lines and, also, low toxicity in normal cells. So, this study was aimed at discovering novel and potentially bioactive triterpenoids from the Salvia urmiensis species. For this, an ethyl acetate fraction of the acetone extract of the aerial parts of the plant was chromatographed to yield five novel polyhydroxylated triterpenoids (1: -5: ). Their structure was elucidated by extensive spectroscopic methods including 1D (1H, 13C, DEPT-Q) and 2D NMR (COSY, HSQC, HMBC, NOESY) experiments, as well as HRESIMS analysis. Cytotoxic activity of the purified compounds was also investigated by MTT assay against the MCF-7 cancer cell line. Furthermore, a molecular docking analysis was applied to evaluate the inhibition potential of the ligands against the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) protein, which promotes tumor metastasis or affects gene expression in cancer disease. The 1ß,11ß,22α-trihydroxy-olean-12-ene-3-one (compound 4: ) indicated the best activity in both in vitro and in silico assays, with an IC50 value of 32 µM and a docking score value of - 3.976 kcal/mol, respectively.

Metabolic Profiling, GC-MS, LC-ESI-MS/MS Analysis, Phenolics Isolation and Biological Evaluation of the Aerial Parts Extracts of Felicia abyssinica L.

Felicia abyssinica L., family Asteraceae, is widely used in folk medicine. This represents the first study to investigate its phytoconstituents and pharmacological effects. Phytoconstituents identified by GC-MS, LC-ESI-MS/MS-based metabolomics, and NMR (1D & 2D). GC-MS of the (FAMEs) revealed mainly the identification of 55 fatty acids. LC-ESI-MS/MS analysis resulted in the tentative identity of 13 compounds representing flavonoids, phenolics, and fatty acids. Ethyl acetate fraction exhibited the highest total flavonoids 66.19 mg/mL Rutin equivalent, while the methanolic fraction showed the highest phenolics 87.70 mg/mL gallic acid equivalent, and the total condensed tannins were 64.35 µg CE/mg catechins equivalent. A flavonoid and a cinnamic acid derivative were identified as quercetin 3-O-(2'''-O-acetyl) rutinoside (Mumikotin A) (1) and Methyl sinapate (2). Biological evaluation of antioxidant and cytotoxic activities was carried out. Cytotoxicity was examined on HepG-2 cell lines where the average cell viability was 91.42 % and 52.48 % for concentrations 10 and 100 µg/mL respectively. Methylene chloride and methanolic fractions showed the highest antioxidant activity 225 µg/mL Ascorbic acid equivalents. It is hypothesized that high phenolics, flavonoid content, and oxygenated identified compounds contribute to the antioxidant activity and can be regarded as a promising species for nutraceuticals active antioxidants with potential value for remedy.

Alkaloids and Lignans from the Aerial Parts of Rauvolfia tetraphylla Inhibit NO Production in LPS-activated RAW 264.7 Cells.

Three previously undescribed compounds named rauvolphyllas A-C (1-3), along with thirteen known compounds, 18ß-hydroxy-3-epi-α-yohimbine (4), yohimbine (5), α-yohimbine (6), 17-epi-α-yohimbine (7), (E)-vallesiachotamine (8), (Z)-vallesiachotamine (9), 16S-E-isositsirikine (10), Nb -methylisoajimaline (11), Nb -methylajimaline (12), ajimaline (13), (+)-lyoniresinol 3α-O-ß-D-glucopyranoside (14), (+)-isolarisiresinol 3α-O-ß-D-glucopyranoside (15), and (-)-lyoniresinol 3α-O-ß-D-glucopyranoside (16) were isolated from the aerial parts of Rauvolfia tetraphylla L. Their chemical structures were elucidated based on the extensive spectroscopic interpretation of HR-ESI-MS, 1D and 2D NMR spectra. The absolute configurations of 2 and 3 were determined by experimental ECD spectra. Compounds 5, 6, 7, and 11-13 exhibited nitric oxide production inhibition activity in LPS-activated RAW 264.7 cells with the IC50 values of 79.10, 44.34, 51.28, 33.54, 37.67, and 28.56 µM, respectively, compared to that of the positive control, dexamethasone, which showed IC50 value of 13.66 µM. The other isolates were inactive with IC50 values over 100 µM.

Four Undescribed compounds Isolated from the Aerial Parts of Phyllanthus cochinchinensis with Antimicrobial Activity and NO Production Inhibitory Activity in LPS Activated RAW 264.7 Cells.

Four previously undescribed compounds named phyllancosides A and B (1 and 2), and phyllancochines A and B (3 and 4) together with ten known compounds (5-14) were isolated from the aerial parts of Phyllanthus cochinchinensis Spreng. Their chemical structures were elucidated on the basis of comprehensive analysis of IR, HR-ESI-MS, 1D and 2D NMR spectra. The absolute configurations of 1 and 2 were determined by electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra. Compounds 3, 4, and 10 showed antimicrobial activity against E. faecalis, S. aureus, and B. cereus with the MIC values in range of 32-256 µg/mL. Compound 11 inhibited E. faecalis and B. cereus, and 7 inhibited S. aureus with the MIC values in range of 64-128 µg/mL. In addition, compounds 1, 3, 4, 8, and 9 showed significantly NO production inhibitory activity in LPS activated RAW 264.7 cells with IC50 values ranging from 36.57 to 56.34 µM.

Bioactive monoterpenoids and acetophenones from the aerial parts of Eupatorium fortunei.

Thirty-nine thymol and acetophenone derivatives, including eight pairs of enantiomers, were isolated from the aerial parts of Eupatorium fortunei. Their structures were assigned by detailed analyses of spectroscopic data and NMR calculations based on density functional theory, with 18 ones (1a/1b-14) being previously undescribed compounds. While the absolute configurations of 1a/1b, 2a/2b, 4, 6a/6b, 7, 11a/11b and 15a/15b-18a/18b were established by calculations of electronic circular dichroism data, that of 14 was determined by modified Mosher's method. Compounds 1a/1b and 2a/2b represent a previously unreported type of monoterpenoid dimers via an amide linkage, and compound 3 is a monoterpene-phenylpropanoid hybrid connected through an ester bond. Among the known molecules, the formerly mis-assigned structures of 15a/15b and 22 were revised, and pure natural enantiomers of 16a/16b-18a/18b were reported for the first time. Selective compounds showed antiradical and NO production inhibitory activities in the preliminary biological screening. Compound 31 was further demonstrated to alleviate oxidative stress by activating Nrf2 signaling pathway.

New triterpenoids from the aerial parts of the Uygur medicine Salvia deserta.

Phytochemical investigation on the aerial parts of Salvia deserta led to the isolation of eight new pentacyclic triterpenoids including three oleanane- (1 - 3) and five ursane-type (4 - 8) triterpenoids, whose structures were elucidated based on extensive spectroscopic analysis and quantum chemical calculation. Weak immunosuppressive potency was observed for compounds 1, 2, and 4 - 8 via inhibiting the secretion of cytokines TNF-α and IL-6 in LPS-induced macrophages RAW264.7 at 20 µM. In addition, compounds 1, 2, and 4 - 6 exhibited moderate protective activity on t-BHP-induced oxidative injury in HepG2 cells.

Benzylisoquinoline alkaloids with their antitumor activity from the aerial parts of Corydalis impatiens (pall.) Fisch.

Phytochemical investigation on the aerial parts of Corydalis impatiens (pall.) Fisch (Papaveraceae) resulted in the identification of four previous undescribed benzylisoquinoline alkaloids, impatienines A-D (1-4), together with 14 known analogues (5-18). The structures of these compounds were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis (IR, HR-ESIMS, 1D- and 2D-NMR) as well as ECD calculations. All the compounds obtained were investigated for their inhibitory effect on the growth of A549, H1299 and HepG2 cancer cells. Compounds 7 and 15 exhibited pronounced inhibition against the A549 cancer cells with IC50 values of 6.81 µM and 3.17 µM, while the positive control cisplatin was 1.83 µM. Compounds 1-3 showed moderate inhibitory on the H1299 cancer cells. Compounds 4, 10-12, and 16 showed signiffcant activity against HepG2 cancer cells with IC50 values range of 4.41-8.75 µM.

Two novel sesquiterpenes and one new monoterpene from the aerial part of Artemisia tournefortiana.

Two novel sesquiterpenes and one new monoterpene, together with eight reported compounds were isolated from dichloromethane-soluble extract of the aerial part of Artemisia tournefortiana Reichb. Their relative and absolute structures were elucidated based on the analysis of 1D and 2D NMR spectra, HRESIMS, and calculated electronic circular dichroism (ECD). Two sesquiterpenes (1 and 2) showed no inhibition effect in anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic activity tests. Three new terpenes (1-3) were tested for antibacterial activity, compounds 2 and 3 showed moderate antibacterial activities with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) between 264 and 556 µg/ml.