Physician Assistant Educational Research: 50 Years On.

The physician assistant (PA) profession began as an experiment in medical education. Initial research on the PA profession was performed primarily by health service researchers and medical educators who sought to measure the impact of the introduction of early PAs into practice. The introduction of PAs, health care providers who shared the practice of medicine with physicians, was a revolutionary step in health workforce policy, and its impact became a relevant topic of investigation. Research has not been a high priority in many PA programs, and the amount of research on PA education has been limited. This article traces periods of activity and contributions in PA educational research over the past 50 years and discusses prospects for the future of research in PA education.

[Beginning of the Microbiology education in Chile: formation centers]. / Historia de la enseñanza de la microbiología en Chile: centros formadores.

The first Chair of Microbiology in Chile was created in the School of Medicine of the Cañadilla at the University of Chile in 1892. Dr. Alejandro del Río Soto Aguilar was its first Professor. For almost three decades it was the only educational center for microbiologists in Chile. Among them were the first Professors of the new School of Medicine of the Catholic University of Chile and of the University of Concepción.

História e Memória do Hospital Universitário Onofre Lopes, Natal (RN): 1909-2000 / HISTORY AND MEMORY OF UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL ONOFRE LOPES, NATAL, RN

Pesquisa histórica, do tipo revisão bibliográfica com o objetivo de historicizar a evolução do Hospital Universitário Onofre Lopes e sua relação com o ensino de saúde na Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte. A coleta de dados (documentos, fotos, atas, jornais, Diários Oficiais, relatórios e cartas), realizada entre fevereiro e março de 2005, contou com as autorizações do Arquivo Geral do Estado e do Instituto Histórico e Geográfico do Rio Grande do Norte. Esse material, trabalhado cronologicamente, privilegiou aspectos expressivos da vida da Instituição e possibilitou apreender que esta trajetória foi sendo lentamente construída. Para tal, contou também com alguns estudos acadêmicos existentes. Percebe‐se, portanto, no transcorrer da história do Hospital, uma atuação diferenciada. Inicialmente de cunho assistencialista, atendendo à população de Natal e do Estado, aos poucos vai mudando seu perfil, passando a constituir‐se em espaço, por excelência, para o ensino, pesquisa e assistência.

History of community health center affiliations with The New England College of Optometry.

BACKGROUND: Since the 1970s, The New England College of Optometry (NECO) has been a leader in community-based educational programming. This was accomplished through the development of affiliation agreements with health care facilities that care for the underserved, notably community health centers (CHCs). The college's clinical system, the New England Eye Institute (NEEI), develops CHC programs, manages professional services agreements, initiates teaching affiliation agreements, and leads staff recruitment and retention efforts. OVERVIEW: CHC collaborations, which effectively address disparities in access to health care and visual health status, represent a significant component of the college's primary care clinical training venues. Since their inception in 1972, these CHC academic-community partnerships have provided more than 650,000 eye examinations to the underserved and have trained more than 3,200 graduates in community-based eye care, interdisciplinary care management environment, clinical prevention strategies, and population health. CONCLUSIONS: This report describes NECO's longstanding success with CHCs, explains the scope of practice at CHCs, explains how students are involved in the CHCs' eye care services, and discusses the various management and business arrangements. The benefits and challenges of CHC affiliations with optometry schools and colleges are also discussed.

The history of SHSAAMc: Student Health Services at Academic Medical Centers.

This article presents an historical review of the organization known as Student Health Services at Academic Medical Centers (SHSAAMc). The authors discuss characteristics of health service directors as well as the history of meetings, discussion, and leadership. The focus of the group is the healthcare needs of health professions students at academic medical centers.

[The pharmacist examination in Keijo (Seoul, Republic of Korea) during the 1920s and Korean Pharmacy School (Chosen-Yakugakuko)].

This is a report of the pharmacist examination and pharmacy school in Keijo (present-day Seoul, ROK) during the 1920s. There were two kinds of examinations: 1) Given by the Ministry of Education, the same as that in Japan, and 2) Given by the Governor-General, almost the same examination as that of the Ministry of Education. The Korean pharmacy school (Chosen-Yakugakuko) was founded in 1915. Before 1914, the school of pharmacy was located in Taikan-Iin Medical School and lectures were given by the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea (Chosen-Yakugakukai).

[The School of Palaeopathology of Turin: from the histology of mummified tissues to the monitoring and programmed conservation of the mummies of the Egyptian Museum and the Anthropology Museum]. / La Scuola di Paleopatologia di Torino: dall'istologia dei tessuti mummificati al monitoraggio e alla conservazione programmata delle mummie del Museo Egizio e del Museo di Antropologia.

Scientific analyses, frequent revisions of historical collections and unsuitable preservation conditions in storage and display environments can cause damage to the anthropological patrimony. Therefore, there is an urgent need to establish criteria for the correct conservation of anthropological material according to a "standard of quality". Within the context of a broad and complex view of the protection of anthropological materials, the methodology followed by the research group is aimed at identifying a series of primary (diagnostic) and supportive (therapeutic) interactive processes. The final purpose of these processes is the programmed management of each specimen which is able to identify and control the activities necessary for conservation of the material.

O processo do trabalho do agente comunitário de saúde e a construção da integralidade: histórico e a política nacional de atenção básica / The process of the work of the communitarian agent of health and the construction of the completeness: description and the national policy of basic attention

Busca realizar dois movimentos: o primeiro seria um resgate histórico do trabalho e formação dos agentes comunitários e o outro seria, a partir da leitura da nova Política de Atenção Básica, fazer algumas considerações sobre o processo de trabalho do Agente Comunitário de Saúde (ACS) na Equipe de Saúde da Família (ESF), sob a perspectiva da construção da integralidade. Enfatiza que o objetivo principal é contribuir para o debate sobre a formação técnica dos Agentes Comunitários de Saúde no Brasil.

Breve histórico das instituições / Historical notes on institutions

Ainda que pesem as contribuições dadas pela Santa Casa de Misericórdia, Legião Brasileira de Assistência (LBA) e outras instituições à formação de trabalhadores da saúde, restringe-se à história recente engendrada pelas relações sociais hegemônicas e contra-hegemônicas estabelecidas. Nesta história, os atores principais são educadores da saúde e suas lutas por projetos a favor de instituições chamadas a responder pela educação profissional de trabalhadores de nível médio e fundamental. Neste sentido, detem-se no Projeto de Formação em Larga Escala, nos centros formadores e escolas técnicas do SUS e no projeto político e pedagógico da EPSJV.