The Need to Widen the Concept of Health and to Include the Spiritual Dimension.

For many, the World Health Organization's (WHO) definition of health does not reflect their own understanding of health, because it lacks aspects such as spiritual wellbeing. Responding to these concerns, the WHO called in 2023 for a vision of health that integrates physical, mental, psychological, emotional, spiritual, and social wellbeing. To date, medical practitioners are often reluctant to consider spiritual aspects, because of a perceived lack of statistical evidence about the strength of relations. Research on this topic is emerging. A recent study among 800 young people living with HIV in Zimbabwe showed how study participants navigated three parallel, at times contradicting health systems (religious, traditional, medical). Conflicting approaches led to multifaceted dilemmas (= spiritual struggles), which were significantly related to poorer mental and physical health. This illustrates the need for inclusion of spiritual aspects for health and wellbeing in research, and of increased collaboration between all stakeholders in healthcare.

Global synergistic actions to improve brain health for human development.

The global burden of neurological disorders is substantial and increasing, especially in low-resource settings. The current increased global interest in brain health and its impact on population wellbeing and economic growth, highlighted in the World Health Organization's new Intersectoral Global Action Plan on Epilepsy and other Neurological Disorders 2022-2031, presents an opportunity to rethink the delivery of neurological services. In this Perspective, we highlight the global burden of neurological disorders and propose pragmatic solutions to enhance neurological health, with an emphasis on building global synergies and fostering a 'neurological revolution' across four key pillars - surveillance, prevention, acute care and rehabilitation - termed the neurological quadrangle. Innovative strategies for achieving this transformation include the recognition and promotion of holistic, spiritual and planetary health. These strategies can be deployed through co-design and co-implementation to create equitable and inclusive access to services for the promotion, protection and recovery of neurological health in all human populations across the life course.

A relação entre arte e vida em vigotski: uma análise conceitual / The relationship between art and life in vygotsky: a conceptual analysis / La relación entre arte y vida en vigotski: un análisis conceptual

Este trabalho teve como objetivo analisar a relação entre arte e vida segundo Vigotski. Para isso, foi realizada uma análise conceitual dos capítulos 1, 7, 9, 10 e 11 da Psicologia da Arte, do capítulo 13 da Psicologia Pedagógica e do texto O significado histórico da crise da Psicologia: Uma investigação metodológica. A pesquisa conceitual consiste na análise semântica dos principais conceitos de uma teoria com o intuito de elucidar seus sentidos ocultos ou confusos e desvendar possíveis contradições e ambiguidades no quadro teórico. Podemos observar que a arte é um fenômeno dialético tanto em sua criação como em seus efeitos. A influência da vida, isto é, da realidade sócio-histórica, na criação artística é indireta, pois ela é sempre mediada pelo psiquismo particular do artista. Já o efeito da arte sobre a vida possibilita que o ser humano se conscientize de sua realidade social e se engaje para mudá-la. A arte é, portanto, transformadora, pois reorganiza o psiquismo e possibilita uma mudança nas condições materiais dos seres humanos.(AU)

This study aims to analyze the relationship between art and life according to Vygotsky. Therefore, a conceptual analysis of chapters 1, 7, 9, 10, and 11 of Psychology of Art, chapter 13 of Educational Psychology and the text The Historical meaning of the Crisis of Psychology: A Methodological Investigation was carried out. Conceptual research consists of the semantic analysis of the main concepts of a theory to elucidate its hidden or confused meanings and to reveal possible contradictions and ambiguities in the theoretical framework. Results show that art is a dialectical phenomenon both in its creation and its effects. The influence of life, that is, of socio-historical reality, on artistic creation is indirect since it is always mediated by the artist's particular psyche. The effect of art on life, on the other hand, allows human beings to become aware of their social reality and engage to change it. Art is, therefore, transformative, as it reorganizes the psyche and enables a change in the material conditions of human beings.(AU)

Este proyecto tuve como objetivo analizar la relación entre el arte y la vida, según Vigotski. Para esto, fue realizado un análisis de los capítulos 1, 7, 9, 10 y 11 de Psicología del arte, del capítulo 13 de Psicología Pedagógica y del texto Él significado histórico de la crisis de la Psicología: una investigación metodológica. La pesquisa conceptual consiste en la analice semántica de los conceptos de una teoría, para aclarar sus significados ocultos o confusos y desvendar contradicciones y ambigüedades em el cuadro teórico. Pudimos observar que, el arte es un fenómeno dialéctico en su creación tanto como en sus efectos. La influencia de la vida, esto es, de la realidad socio-histórica, en la creación artística es indirecta, pues es mediada por el psiquismo particular de lo artista. Así, el efecto del arte sobre la vida habilita que lo ser humano adquiera conciencia de su realidad social y que se comprometa a cambiarla. El arte, consiguientemente, transformadora, pues reorganiza lo psiquismo y habilita un cambio en las condiciones materiales de los seres humanos.(AU)

O cuidado em saúde promovido pelas religiões afro-brasileiras / Health care promoted by afro-brazilian religions / El cuidado en salud promovido por las religiones afrobrasileñas

No decorrer da história, sempre foram infindáveis os casos em que os sujeitos recorriam a centros espíritas ou terreiros de religiões de matrizes africanas em decorrência de problemas como doenças, desempregos ou amores mal resolvidos, com o objetivo de saná-los. Por conta disso, este artigo visa apresentar os resultados da pesquisa relacionados ao objetivo de mapear os processos de cuidado em saúde ofertados em três terreiros de umbanda de uma cidade do litoral piauiense. Para isso, utilizamos o referencial da Análise Institucional "no papel". Os participantes foram três líderes de terreiros e os respectivos praticantes/consulentes dos seus estabelecimentos religiosos. Identificamos perspectivas de cuidado que se contrapunham às racionalidades biomédicas, positivistas e cartesianas, e faziam referência ao uso de plantas medicinais, ao recebimento de rezas e passes e à consulta oracular. A partir desses resultados, podemos perceber ser cada vez mais necessário, portanto, que os povos de terreiros protagonizem a construção, implementação e avaliação das políticas públicas que lhe sejam específicas.(AU)

In history, there have always been endless cases of people turning to spiritual centers or terreiros of religions of African matrices due to problems such as illnesses, unemployment, or unresolved love affairs. Therefore, this article aims to present the research results related to the objective of mapping the health care processes offered in three Umbanda terreiros of a city on the Piauí Coast. For this, we use the Institutional Analysis reference "on Paper." The participants were three leaders of terreiros and the respective practitioners/consultants of their religious establishments. We identified perspectives of care that contrasted with biomedical, positivist, and Cartesian rationalities and referred to the use of medicinal plants, the prescript of prayers and passes, and oracular consultation. From these results, we can see that it is increasingly necessary, therefore, that the peoples of the terreiros lead the construction, implementation, and evaluation of public policies that are specific to them.(AU)

A lo largo de la historia, siempre hubo casos en los cuales las personas buscan en los centros espíritas o terreros de religiones africanas la cura para sus problemas, como enfermedades, desempleo o amoríos mal resueltos. Por este motivo, este artículo pretende presentar los resultados de la investigación con el objetivo de mapear los procesos de cuidado en salud ofrecidos en tres terreros de umbanda de una ciudad del litoral de Piauí (Brasil). Para ello, se utiliza el referencial del Análisis Institucional "en el Papel". Los participantes fueron tres líderes de terreros y los respectivos practicantes / consultivos de los establecimientos religiosos que los mismos conducían. Se identificaron perspectivas de cuidado que se contraponían a las racionalidades biomédicas, positivistas y cartesianas, y hacían referencia al uso de plantas medicinales, al recibimiento de rezos y pases y a la consulta oracular. Los resultados permiten concluir que es cada vez más necesario que los pueblos de terreros sean agentes protagónicos de la construcción, implementación y evaluación de las políticas públicas destinadas específicamente para ellos.(AU)

O curandeiro charlatão e o messias de Campos: o caso do Professor Mozart, 1924-1939 / Charlatan healer and messiah from Campos: the case of Professor Mozart, 1924-1939

Resumo Em 1924, um personagem despontou na imprensa brasileira: o "Professor Mozart". Seu nome era Mozart Dias Teixeira e, durante as décadas de 1920 e 1930, ele praticou curas em diversas cidades do país, provocando controvérsias entre setores da sociedade. O artigo analisa o caso, dividindo-se em três eixos: introduz o personagem e o debate sobre os seus métodos de cura, mostra como as polêmicas inspiraram produções artísticas que transitaram no seio da população e, por fim, discute a questão do charlatanismo e o problema da liberdade profissional e de culto. O estudo pretende ser uma contribuição à historiografia do espiritismo, do ocultismo e das ciências psíquicas no Brasil.

Abstract In 1924, a new figure appeared on the pages of Brazilian newspapers: "Professor Mozart." In the 1920s and 1930s, Mozart Dias Teixeira practiced healing in several Brazilian cities, sparking controversy among certain segments of society. A threefold analysis of the case is presented: describing the man himself and the debate surrounding his healing methods; showing how the controversies inspired the production and circulation of art among the population; and discussing the issues of charlatanism and professional and religious freedom. The study intends to contribute to the historiography on spiritism, occultism, and psychic sciences in Brazil.

Experiências mediúnicas e dissociativas em Fernando Pessoa e C. G. Jung à luz da psicologia analítica e da psicologia anomalística / Mediumistic and dissociative experiences in Fernando Pessoa and C. G. Jung in light of analytical psychology and anomalistic psychology / Expériences médiumniques et dissociatives chez Fernando Pessoa et C. G. Jung à la lumière de la psychologie analytique et de la psychologie anomalistique / Experiencias mediúmnicas y disociativas en Fernando Pessoa y C. G. Jung a la luz de la psicología analítica y de la psicología anómala

Resumo O poeta Fernando Pessoa e o psiquiatra C. G. Jung desenvolveram suas obras em consonância com suas biografias. Ambos descreveram episódios que podem ser interpretados como mediúnicos, buscando, também, compreendê-los psicologicamente. Na literatura psicológica atual, a mediunidade pode ser entendida por meio do conceito de dissociação da personalidade. Dessa maneira, este artigo buscou examinar as relações entre dissociação e mediunidade a partir de episódios biográficos de Pessoa e de Jung, à luz da psicologia analítica e da psicologia anomalística. Hipotetiza-se que eles vivenciaram experiências dissociativas criativas e não patológicas, embora algum nível de sofrimento estivesse envolvido. Em Pessoa, as experiências dissociativas são relacionadas com sua produção hetoronímica, enquanto em Jung e suas investigações, com o desenvolvimento de seu modelo psicológico, que oferece elementos para um estudo psicobiográfico e artístico do poeta.

Abstract Poet Fernando Pessoa and psychiatrist C. G. Jung developed their works consonant with their biographies. Both described episodes that can be interpreted as mediumistic, seeking to understand them psychologically. In current psychological literature, mediumship is associated to the concept of personality dissociation. In this regard, this article examines the relationship between dissociation and mediumship based on Pessoa's and Jung's biographical episodes, in light of analytical psychology and anomalistic psychology. It is hypothesized that they experienced creative, non-pathological dissociations, although some level of suffering was involved. Pessoa's experiences are related to his hetoronymic production, whereas Jung's are tied with the development of his psychological model, which offers elements for a psychobiographical and artistic study of the poet.

Resumé Le poète Fernando Pessoa et le psychiatre C. G. Jung ont développé leurs œuvres en accord avec leurs biographies. Tous deux ont décrit des épisodes qui peuvent être interprétés comme médiumniques, en cherchant à les comprendre psychologiquement. Dans la littérature psychologique actuelle, la médiumnité est associée au concept de dissociation de la personnalité. À cet égard, cet article examine la relation entre dissociation et médiumnité à partir des épisodes biographiques de Pessoa et de Jung, à la lumière de la psychologie analytique et de la psychologie anomalistique. L'hypothèse est qu'ils ont fait l'expérience de dissociations créatives et non pathologiques, bien qu'un certain niveau de souffrance y ait été impliqué. Chez Pessoa, ces expériences sont liées à sa production hétéronymique, tandis que chez Jung, elles sont liées au développement de son modèle psychologique, ce qui offre des éléments pour une étude psychobiographique et artistic du poète.

Resumen El poeta Fernando Pessoa y el psiquiatra C. G. Jung desarrollaron sus obras en consonancia con sus biografías. Ambos describieron episodios que pueden interpretarse como mediúmnicos, también buscando comprenderlos psicológicamente. En la literatura de la psicología actual, la mediumnidad puede entenderse bajo el concepto de disociación de la personalidad. Así, este artículo buscó examinar la relación entre disociación y mediumnidad a partir de los episodios biográficos de Pessoa y Jung, a la luz de la psicología analítica y la psicología anomalística. La hipótesis supone que estos autores tuvieron experiencias disociativas creativas y no patológicas, aunque estas involucraron cierto nivel de sufrimiento. En Pessoa, las experiencias se relacionan con su producción de la heteronimia; y en Jung, con el desarrollo de su modelo psicológico, que ofrece elementos para un estudio psicobiográfico y artístico del poeta.

Diálogos entre C. G. Jung e William James: as pesquisas psíquicas / Diálogos entre C. G. Jung e William James: las investigaciones psíquicas / Dialogues between C. G. Jung e William James: the psychical researches

RESUMO. C. G. Jung e William James compartilhavam uma série de interesses de pesquisa. Por ocasião da Conferência realizada na Universidade de Clark, no ano de 1909, os dois autores tiveram a oportunidade de se encontrar e conversar. Os debates abordaram temas que não estavam na pauta da conferência, especialmente pesquisas psíquicas, também chamadas modernamente de experiências anomalísticas ou relacionadas à 'psi'. Desde seu período como estudante de medicina, Jung se interessou pelos fenômenos anômalos da consciência, tendo pesquisado os principais autores associados ao espiritualismo dos séculos XVIII e XIX. William James foi pesquisador reconhecido dos chamados fenômenos psíquicos, tendo participado de sociedades como a Society for Psychical Research e a American Society for Psychical Research. Através de seus estudos, James e Jung buscavam contribuir para a psicologia dinâmica, também chamada de psicologia profunda. O objetivo deste artigo foi ampliar os diálogos estabelecidos na universidade de Clark, resgatando informações importantes acerca da teoria dos dois autores.

RESUMEN. C. G. Jung y William James compartían una serie de intereses de investigación. En la conferencia celebrada en la Universidad de Clark, en 1909, los dos autores tuvieron la oportunidad de encontrarse y conversar. Los debates se centraron en temas que no estaban en la agenda de la conferencia, especialmente en la investigación psíquica, también llamada en la actualidad experiencia anomalística o relacionada con la psi. Jung de su tiempo como estudiante de medicina se interesó por fenómenos anómalos de conciencia, después de habiendo investigado los autores principales asociados con el espiritualismo de los siglos XVIII y XIX. William James era conocido investigador de los llamados fenómenos psíquicos, y participó en las sociedades como la Society for Psychical Research y la American Society for Psychical Research. James y Jung a través de sus estudios trataron de contribuir a la psicología dinámica, también llamada psicología profunda. El propósito de este artículo es ampliar el diálogo establecido en la Universidad de Clark, rescatando la información importante acerca de la teoría de los dos autores.

ABSTRACT. C.G. Jung and William James shared several research interests. At the conference held at Clark University in 1909, the two authors could meet and talk. The debates were especially on topics regarding psychical research, contemporarily also called anomalistic or psi-related experiences, which were not considered on the conference schedule. Since his period as a medical student, Jung has been interested in anomalous phenomena of consciousness, having researched the prominent authors associated with the spiritualism of the 18th and 19th centuries. William James was a recognized researcher of the so-called psychic phenomena, participating in societies such as Society for Psychical Research and the American Society for Psychical Research. Through their studies, James and Jung aspired to contribute to dynamic psychology, also called depth psychology. This article aimed to broaden the dialogues established at Clark University, rescuing important information about the theory of the two authors.

Relationship between Spiritual Intelligence and Professional Self-concept among Iranian Nurses / Relación entre la inteligencia espiritual y el autoconcepto profesional entre las enfermeras iraníes / Relação entre inteligência espiritual e autoconceito profissional entre enfermeiras iranianas

Objective. To determine the relationship between spiritual intelligence (SI) and professional self-concept (PSC) among Iranian nurses. Methods. This is a correlation study. A convenience sampling method was used and 344 nurses were selected from hospitals of Jahrom University of Medical Sciences. Data collection standard tools included two validated scales: Cowin's Nurse Self-Concept Questionnaire (36 items scored ranged from 1 to 8; Maximum score=288; 6 subcategories: General Nurse Self-Concept, Knowledge, Care, Communication, Staff Relation and Leadership) and Abdollahzadeh's SI Questionnaire (29 items scored ranged from 0 to 5; Maximum score=145; 2 subcategories: Relying on the inner core and Understanding and communicating with the origin of the universe. Results. The mean total score of PSC was 220.3±30.61 and 120.67±16.13 for SI. There was a significant statistical correlation between PSC (r=0.348, p<0.0001) and almost all subcategories and SI. The results of the regression analysis showed that SI predicts 13.3% of the variance of PSC (p<0.0001). Conclusion. Considering the correlation of SI and PSC among Iranian nurses, it is suggested that strategies be used to train and promote the SI of nurses.

Objetivo. Determinar la relación entre la inteligencia espiritual y el autoconcepto profesional entre las enfermeras iraníes. Métodos. Se trata de un estudio correlacional. Se utilizó un método de muestreo por conveniencia y se seleccionaron 344 enfermeras de los hospitales de la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Jahrom. Los instrumentos de recolección de los datos incluían dos escalas validadas: Cuestionario de autoconcepto de la enfermera de Cowin (36 ítems con puntuaciones que van de 1 a 8; puntuación máxima=288; 6 subcategorías: Autoconcepto enfermero general, Conocimiento, Cuidados, Comunicación, Relación con el personal y Liderazgo) y el Cuestionario de Inteligencia Espiritual de Abdollahzadeh (29 ítems puntuados de 0 a 5; Puntuación máxima=145; 2 subcategorías: Apoyarse en el núcleo interno y Comprender y comunicarse con el origen del universo). Resultados. La puntuación total media del Autoconcepto Profesional fue de 220.3±30.61 y de 120.67±16.13 para Inteligencia Espiritual. Hubo una correlación estadística significativa entre el puntaje total de la escala Autoconcepto Professional (r=0.348, p<0.0001) y de casi todas sus subcategorías, con la Inteligencia Espiritual. Los resultados del análisis de regresión mostraron que la Inteligencia Espiritual predice el 13.3% de la varianza del autoconcepto profesional (p<0.0001). Conclusión. Existe correlación entre la Inteligencia Espiritual y el Autoconcepto Profesional entre las enfermeras iraníes. En este sentido, se sugiere que se utilicen estrategias para formar y promover la Inteligencia Espiritual de las enfermeras.

Objetivo. Determinar a relação entre inteligência espiritual e autoconceito profissional entre enfermeiras iranianas. Métodos. Este é um estudo correlacional. Um método de amostragem de conveniência foi usado e 344 enfermeiras foram selecionadas dos hospitais da Jahrom University of Medical Sciences. Os instrumentos de coleta de dados incluíram duas escalas validadas: Questionário de autoconceito do enfermeiro de Cowin (36 itens com pontuação variando de 1 a 8; pontuação máxima = 288; 6 subcategorias: Autoconceito geral de enfermagem, Conhecimento, Cuidado, Comunicação, Relacionamento com a equipe e Liderança) e o Questionário de Inteligência Espiritual de Abdollahzadeh (29 itens pontuados de 0 a 5; Pontuação máxima = 145; 2 subcategorias: Baseando-se no núcleo interno e entendendo e se comunicando com a origem do universo. Resultados. A pontuação total média para o profissional do autoconceito foi de 220.3 ± 30.61 e 120.67 ± 16.13 para Inteligência Espiritual, houve correlação estatisticamente significante entre a pontuação total da escala de Autoconceito Profissional (r = 0.348, p <0.0001) e quase todas as suas subcategorias, com Inteligência Espiritual. Os resultados da análise de regressão mostraram que a Inteligência Espiritual prediz 13.3% da variância do autoconceito ou profissional (p <0.0001). Conclusão. Existe uma correlação entre Inteligência Espiritual e Autoconceito Profissional entre os enfermeiros iranianos,

Professor Faustino Esposel: Neurology, football and spiritualism / Professor Faustino Esposel: Neurologia, futebol e espiritismo

ABSTRACT Faustino Monteiro Esposel was a renowned neurologist from Rio de Janeiro, born on October 24, 1888. Together with his mentor, Professor Antônio Austregésilo Rodrigues Lima - the founder of modern Brazilian Neurology -, Professor Esposel described one of the rival signs of the Babinski sign, known as the Austregésilo-Esposel sign, in a study published in the renowned journal L'Encéphale in 1912. This article aims to summarize the life story of this illustrious neurologist as well as to highlight his achievements "beyond medicine".

RESUMO Faustino Monteiro Esposel foi um renomado neurologista do Rio de Janeiro, nascido em 24 de outubro de 1888. Junto de seu mentor, o Professor Antônio Austregésilo Rodrigues Lima, considerado o pai da Neurologia brasileira moderna, descreveu um dos sinais sucedâneos do sinal de Babinski, conhecido como sinal de Austregésilo-Esposel, publicado no renomado periódico L'Encéphale em 1912. Este artigo tem como objetivo trazer a história deste ilustre neurologista, destacando também seus feitos "além da medicina".

Professor Faustino Esposel: Neurology, football and spiritualism.

Faustino Monteiro Esposel was a renowned neurologist from Rio de Janeiro, born on October 24, 1888. Together with his mentor, Professor Antônio Austregésilo Rodrigues Lima - the founder of modern Brazilian Neurology -, Professor Esposel described one of the rival signs of the Babinski sign, known as the Austregésilo-Esposel sign, in a study published in the renowned journal L'Encéphale in 1912. This article aims to summarize the life story of this illustrious neurologist as well as to highlight his achievements "beyond medicine".

"Words of Healing": The Literature of Automatic Writing as Treatment and Prescription in the Victorian Age.

"The student who dives deep into the mysteries that enshrine Truth . . . will tell of her beauties, and proclaim to those who have ears to hear the words of healing." So wrote English cleric and spiritualist W. Stainton Moses in his Spirit Teachings (1883)-or, if Moses is to be believed, so wrote the spirit "Imperator," who, promising spiritual and bodily edification, enlisted Moses as his earthly amanuensis. Treating purportedly real spirit writings like those transcribed by Moses and the discourses of their reception in occultism, psychical research, and literature, this paper examines the phenomenon of automatic writing, also called spirit writing, passive writing, or psychography, as an evolving means of wellness and, later, a source of medical prescription from the 1850s through the 1890s. This essay suggests a yet-unintuited connection between the rise of automatic writing and the Spasmodic poetics alternately championed and critiqued by Sydney Dobell.

Spirituality in Nursing and Health: A Historical Context, Challenges, and Way Forward.

This article aims to share the historical context of spirituality in nursing, meanings and expressions of spirituality, and different models of spirituality along with its significance in nursing education and practice. Several challenges and tools for the successful integration of spirituality in education and practice are also discussed.

Divinity in nursing: The complexities of adopting a spiritual basis for care.

In this paper, the historical alignment of nursing with divinity-based perspectives and modern New Age nursing theories are explored. The nature of divinity in nursing is examined, together with the complexities and issues that arise in adopting a spiritual basis for care. The work of the key theorists in this area (Rogers, Newman, Parse, Watson, Dossey) is reconsidered and fundamental epistemological problems inherent in this approach reviewed. Specific concerns with the interpretation of holistic care, adoption of doxastic logic, faith-based rationales, influence of Caucasian Judeo-Christian and New Age values, misappropriation of science, use of pseudoscience and development of divinity as social consumer product are discussed. Practical problems with using a spiritual basis in contemporary nursing practice are also explored and the alignment of divinity-based nursing theories with the modern antiscience movement is examined. Overall, the re-emergence of divinity-based nursing and spiritual basis for care may be problematic, and would seem to counter the development of an inclusive profession. Additionally, the alignment of nursing with antiscience movements rejecting biomedicine has significant public health implications. This is argued as a regressive step for the advancement of the profession.

Treatise on the influence of theism, transhumanism, and posthumanism on nursing and rehabilitation healthcare practice.

Reservations concerning the ontologies of theism, transhumanism and posthumanism compel an explicatory discourse on their influences on Nursing and rehabilitation healthcare. Key journals in Nursing and health sciences have recently devoted themed issues on intelligent machine technologies such as humanoid healthcare robots and other highly technological healthcare devices and practice initiatives. While the technological advance witnessed has been a cause for celebration, questions still remain that are focused on the epistemological concerns. The purpose of this article is to discuss theistic ontologies such as the Judeo-Christian, Shinto-Buddhist and Islamic religious belief systems on transhumanism and posthumanism in the assimilation of symbiotic technological beings in Nursing and rehabilitation healthcare practice. In view of the approaching technological singularity dominating arguments regarding the future of human beings, a treatise on Nursing and rehabilitation health care is positioned well within the realms of human care. Theism, transhumanism and posthumanism are directing discussions regarding human beings and healthcare processes. It is imperative that the beneficial effects of these discussions be acknowledged within the highly technological world of Nursing and rehabilitative healthcare.

Mediunidade e desenvolvimento humano: uma investigação com médiuns espíritas de Uberaba-MG, Brasil / Mediumship and human development: an investigation with spiritist mediums from Uberaba-MG, Brazil

O objetivo deste estudo é refletir sobre os processos de desenvolvimento humano de pessoas que atuam como médiuns em comunidades espíritas na cidade de Uberaba, Estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Para tanto, foi empregado o modelo bioecológico tanto para a compreensão do desenvolvimento humano como da experiência da mediunidade segundo as narrativas de nove médiuns de três casas espíritas diferentes, todas submetidas à análise temática reflexiva. As relações proximais estabelecidas nos centros espíritas foram apontadas como importantes para a compreensão da experiência mediúnica, com destaque para o aprendizado oportunizado não apenas pelo estudo da doutrina dentro da instituição comodo trabalho assistencial presente no microssistema. No espiritismo, o caráter temporal ultrapassa os limites da experiência terrena, passível de compreensão bioecológica, sendo necessário que o cronossistema considere o progresso espiritual através de diferentes encarnações. A mediunidade marcou, nesses participantes, uma importante transição ecológica responsável por evidenciar a ocorrência do desenvolvimento humano.

The aim of this study is to reflect on the human development processes of people who work as mediums in spiritist communities in the city of Uberaba, State of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The bioecological model was used both to understand human development and the experience of mediumship according to the narratives of nine mediums from three different spiritist houses, all of which were submitted to reflective thematic analysis. The proximal relationships established in the spiritist centers were pointed out as important for the understanding of the mediumistic experience, with emphasis on the learning provided not only by the study of the doctrine within the institution but also of the assistance work present in the microsystem. In spiritism, the temporal character goes beyond the limits of the earthly experience, capable of bioecological understanding, being necessary that the chronosystem considers the spiritual progress through different incarnations. Mediumship marked, in these participants, an important ecological transition responsible for highlighting the occurrence of human development.

Hospitalized Patients' Perspectives on Spiritual Assessment: A Mixed Methods Study.

BACKGROUND: Research shows that spirituality is important, but patients report that nurses rarely address spiritual issues, and research from the patient viewpoint is limited. AIM: The research objective was to gain knowledge about hospitalized patients' perspectives on spiritual assessment by nurses. METHOD: This is a mixed methods exploratory study reporting on quantitative/qualitative aspects of the patient perspective. Norwegian nurses in an acute care hospital distributed a 21-item spiritual assessment survey to patients they felt would not be burdened by completing it. Patients' demographic data were not identifiable, survey packets were returned anonymously via hospital mail by 157 hospitalized patients. Each survey item and several variables on the demographic sheet had space for comments. Quantitative analysis used SPSS 21, qualitative data were thematically analyzed. FINDINGS: Statistically significant correlations were found with all survey items. Hospitalized people reported high comfort with spiritual assessment by nurses. Qualitative findings revealed that patients had differing views on if, when, and how nurses should ask spiritual questions of them. CONCLUSIONS: It is important to identify patients' perspectives in order to provide patient-centered holistic care. Understanding patient views will enlighten nurses and may promote spiritual care and improve patient health outcomes.

Physician Wellness in Orthopedic Surgery: Challenges and Solutions.

The growing epidemic of physician burnout suggests that a change is needed. Physician wellness is an ever-growing consideration, especially in orthopedic surgery, where the challenges to wellness are significant. This review provides many common sense wellness principles and solutions in four main components of wellness (physical, mental, emotional, and spiritual) interwoven with current research on the topic. Although directed to orthopedic surgeons, this guide can be applied to all physicians, because they are based on common human principles of wellness. Wellness is not created overnight, so wellness practices that increase the likelihood of experiencing wellness are encouraged.

As representações sociais sobre o processo saúde-doença na visão espírita / The social representations on the health-disease process in spiritual vision / Las representaciones sociales sobre el procedimiento salud-enfermedad en la visión espirita

Objetivo: Identificar as Representações Sociais sobre o processo saúde-doença no Espiritismo. Método: Estudo descritivo com abordagem qualitativa. Utilizados na pesquisa conceitos das Representações Sociais de acordo com Serge Moscovici. A coleta dos dados ocorreu através de entrevista semi-estruturada e aplicação da técnica livre associação de palavras e observação Livre. Resultados: O espiritismo crê que conquistamos a saúde quando estamos harmonizados conosco e com as leis divinas. Qualquer descumprimento dessas leis divinas gera um desequilíbrio no ser humano. Conclusão: A Enfermagem necessita reconhecer essas Representações Sociais, visto que elas irão esclarecer aos profissionais as experiências de pacientes religiosos, o modo como assimilam seu estado patológico e isto é um desafio para articulação de estratégias de aproximação

Objective: To identify as Social Representatives about the health-disease process in Spiritism. Method: Descriptive study with qualitative approach. Users in the magazine concepts of the Social Representations according to Serge Moscovici. The data collection was performed through a semistructured interview and the application of free set of free words and observations. Results: Spiritualism believes that it has gained health when we are harmonized with the divine laws. Any breach of divine law creates an imbalance in the human being. Conclusion: The Disease Associated with Social Representations, with the aim of being more exposed to professionals such as patient experiences, the way they assimilate their pathological condition and is a challenge for the articulation of strategies of approximation

Objetivo: identificar como Representantes Sociales sobre el proceso saludenfermedad en el Espiritismo. Método: estudio descriptivo con enfoque cualitativo. Usuarios en la revista conceptos de las Representaciones Sociales de acuerdo con Serge Moscovici. La recolección de los datos fue realizada por medio de entrevista semiestructurada y la aplicación del conjunto libre de palabras y observaciones libres. Resultados: el espiritismo cree que ha conquistado la salud cuando estamos armonizados con las leyes divinas. Cualquier incumplimiento de leyes divinas genera un desequilibrio en el ser humano. Conclusión: la Enfermedad asociada a las Representaciones Sociales, con el objetivo de estar más expuestas a los profesionales como las experiencias de enfermos, el modo como asimilan su estado patológico y es un desafío para la articulación de estrategias de aproximación

Health Care Professionals' Reflections on Their Learning as Spiritual Generalists and Integration Into Practice.

INTRODUCTION: Meeting spiritual needs of patients is an important aspect of quality health care, but continuing professional development and training to provide spiritual care remains inadequate. The purpose was to identify participants' learning from simulation-based spiritual generalist workshops and application to practice. METHODS: Interdisciplinary participants completed self-report demographic questionnaires before the workshops and questionnaires after workshops that listed open-ended take-home learning. Responses were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. A subgroup was surveyed 3 to 9 months after training to examine whether and how participants had incorporated workshop learning into clinical work. RESULTS: Workshop participants 181/211 (85.8%) reported learning in four categories: core values and skills of spiritual generalists, understanding spirituality/religion and its role in health care, interfacing with chaplaincy, and interprofessional teamwork. Of the subsample, 73.5% (25/34) completed surveys 3 to 9 months after training. Of those, 25/25 (100%) reported drawing on what they learned in workshops, and 24/25 (96%) reported making clinical practice changes. DISCUSSION: One-day spiritual generalist simulation-based workshops can improve continuing professional development learning experiences to provide generalist level of spiritual care. Workshops offered valuable learning and resulted in applicable clinical skills across professional roles. At 3 to 9 months after training, participants reported improved spiritual screening, recognition of spiritual distress, and referral to chaplaincy.