RESUMEN
Background: Type II diabetes mellitus (DM) is an increasing health problem that has negative impacts on patients and healthcare systems, worldwide. The development of new therapies with better efficacy, fewer side effects, and lower prices are urgently needed to treat this disease. Aim: To evaluate and compare the therapeutic effects of Nigella sativa (N. sativa) seed and oil on the biochemical parameters and regeneration of pancreatic islets (or islets of Langerhans) of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: The diabetic rat model was prepared by administering a single dose of STZ (35 mg/kg body weight). The whole seed or the oil of N. sativa was administered to the diabetic and control groups for a period of 28 days, but not to the negative and STZ controls. Serum blood glucose, liver enzymes, lipid profile, and renal function tests (uric acid, albumin, total protein, urea, and creatinine) were measured in all groups. After the rats were euthanized, their pancreases were extracted, and then sectioned and fixed on slides in preparation before staining with H&E stain and immunohistochemical study. Results: Treatment of STZ-diabetic rats with N. sativa seeds or oil significantly improved their serum glucose levels, lipid profiles, and liver and renal functions as well as preserved the integrity of pancreatic ß cells. Conclusion: N. sativa seeds and oil demonstrate significant therapeutic improvement effects on DM and its related complications including effective protection of islets of Langerhans. The therapeutic benefits of N. sativa seeds and oil on DM and its related complications are comparable.
Asunto(s)
Diabetes Mellitus Experimental , Nigella sativa , Aceites de Plantas , Semillas , Estreptozocina , Animales , Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/tratamiento farmacológico , Semillas/química , Ratas , Aceites de Plantas/farmacología , Aceites de Plantas/uso terapéutico , Nigella sativa/química , Masculino , Ratas Wistar , Inmunohistoquímica , Glucemia/metabolismo , Islotes Pancreáticos/efectos de los fármacos , Islotes Pancreáticos/metabolismo , CarumRESUMEN
Turmeric rhizomes (Curcuma longa) and black cumin seeds (Nigella sativa) are polyherbal ingredients used for the management of cancer and other chronic inflammatory diseases in Nigerian ethnomedicine. Previous studies have shown the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer activities of the individual plant extracts. However, the two spices have not been biologically potentiated in their combined form. Therefore, this study obtained essential oils (EOs) from the combined spices and evaluated their inhibitory effects on free radicals, protein denaturation, and cancer proliferation. The EOs were extracted by hydro-distillation (HD) and characterized by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). In vitro antioxidant assessment was conducted based on DPPH, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), nitric oxide (NO), and ferric ion (Fe3+) radical scavenging assays. The cytotoxicity of the oil against non-tumorigenic (HEK293) and cancerous (HepG2 and HeLa) cell lines was determined following the MTT cell viability assay. An in silico molecular docking analysis of the oil constituents was also performed. Six batches of EOs I-VI were afforded, comprising twenty-two major constituents, with aromatic Ar-turmerone being the most prominent compound. There was a marked improvement in the bioactivity of the oils upon repeated HD and as a combination. The batch VI oil exhibited the best activity, with a cytotoxicity (CC50) of 10.16 ± 1.69 µg/100 µL against the HepG2 cell line, which was comparable to 5-fluorouracil (standard, CC50 = 8.59 ± 1.33 µg/100 µL). In silico molecular docking suggested δ-curcumene, Ar-curcumene, Ar-turmerol, and Ar-turmerone among the promising compounds based on their high binding energy scores with NOX2, NF-κB, and mdm2 proteins. In conclusion, the oils from the turmeric-black cumin combined possess a considerable inhibition ability against free radicals, protein denaturation, and cancer proliferation. This study's findings further underscore the effectiveness of turmeric-black cumin as a polyherbal medicinal ingredient.
Asunto(s)
Antioxidantes , Proliferación Celular , Curcuma , Simulación del Acoplamiento Molecular , Nigella sativa , Aceites Volátiles , Humanos , Aceites Volátiles/farmacología , Aceites Volátiles/química , Curcuma/química , Proliferación Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Nigella sativa/química , Antioxidantes/farmacología , Antioxidantes/química , Desnaturalización Proteica , Células HeLa , Radicales Libres/química , Células Hep G2 , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Extractos Vegetales/química , Células HEK293 , Supervivencia Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/farmacología , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/químicaRESUMEN
Psoriasis, a persistent immune-mediated inflammatory skin condition, affects approximately 2-3% of the global population. Current treatments for psoriasis are fraught with limitations, including adverse effects, high costs, and diminishing efficacy over time. Thymoquinone (TQ), derived from Nigella sativa seeds, exhibits promising anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory properties that could prove beneficial in managing psoriasis. However, TQ's hydrophobic nature and poor bioavailability have hindered its usefulness as a therapeutic agent. Recent research has strategically addressed these challenges by developing nano-thymoquinone (nano-TQ) formulations to enhance delivery and efficacy in treating psoriasis. Preclinical studies employing mouse models have demonstrated that nano-TQ effectively mitigates inflammation, erythema, scaling, epidermal thickness, and cytokine levels in psoriatic lesions. Various nano-TQ formulations, including nanoemulsions, lipid vesicles, nanostructured lipid carriers, and ethosomes, have been explored to improve solubility, facilitate skin penetration, ensure sustained release, and achieve site-specific targeting. Although clinical trials are currently scarce, the outcomes from in vitro and animal models are promising. The potential co-delivery of nano-TQ with other anti-psoriatic agents also presents avenues for further investigation.
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Benzoquinonas , Psoriasis , Benzoquinonas/administración & dosificación , Benzoquinonas/química , Benzoquinonas/uso terapéutico , Humanos , Animales , Psoriasis/tratamiento farmacológico , Psoriasis/inmunología , Nanopartículas/química , Composición de Medicamentos , Antiinflamatorios/uso terapéutico , Antiinflamatorios/administración & dosificación , Nigella sativa/químicaRESUMEN
The consumption of mushrooms containing α-Amanitin (α-A) can lead to severe liver damage. In this study, toxicological experiments were conducted to confirm the protective effects of pomegranate seed oil (PSO) and black cumin oil (BCO) against α-A-induced hepatotoxicity. Rats exposed once to α-A (3 mg/kg bw, i.p.) or saline alone (0.1 ml, i.p.) were either left untreated or treated with PSO or BCO at a dose of 2 ml/kg bw/day by oral gavage on the same day, and the treatment was continued for 7 days. Serum aminotransferases (ALT and AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and total protein levels were measured and the active caspase 3 (cl-caspase 3) was evaluated by western blotting in the liver. Serum ALT, AST and ALP levels tended to decrease in the α-A exposed group, but no statistically significant difference was found compared to the saline group (p > 0.05). PSO and BCO did not affect serum liver function tests in rats exposed to saline or α-A. α-A toxicity was demonstrated by a significant decrease in serum total protein level (p < 0.05), a significant increase in liver cl-caspase 3 expression (p < 0.05), and structural liver damage mainly characterized by mononuclear inflammation and steatosis. When α-A exposed rats were treated with BCO, the increase in cl-caspase 3 was not inhibited, on the contrary BCO increased cl-caspase 3 in healthy rats (p < 0.05). PSO significantly ameliorated α-A-induced cl-caspase 3 increase and inflammatory histopathology in the liver. Both PSO and BCO completely prevented α-A-induced protein degradation. The findings indicate that PSO and BCO may protect liver functions against α-A-induced hepatotoxicity, encouraging future comprehensive studies to test them at different doses and frequency.
Asunto(s)
Alfa-Amanitina , Enfermedad Hepática Inducida por Sustancias y Drogas , Hígado , Aceites de Plantas , Granada (Fruta) , Semillas , Animales , Aceites de Plantas/farmacología , Ratas , Granada (Fruta)/química , Enfermedad Hepática Inducida por Sustancias y Drogas/prevención & control , Enfermedad Hepática Inducida por Sustancias y Drogas/tratamiento farmacológico , Hígado/efectos de los fármacos , Hígado/patología , Masculino , Alfa-Amanitina/toxicidad , Semillas/química , Caspasa 3/metabolismo , Nigella sativa/química , Fosfatasa Alcalina/sangre , Alanina Transaminasa/sangre , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , CarumRESUMEN
The growing global threat of antimicrobial resistance endangers both human and animal life, necessitating the urgent discovery of novel antimicrobial solutions. Medicinal plants hold promise as sources of potential antimicrobial compounds. In this study, we investigated the phytochemical constituents and microbicidal capabilities of the ethanolic extract from Nigella sativa (black seed). Gas chromatography analysis (GC) identified 11 compounds, among them thymoquinone, and thymol, contributing to antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. Antimicrobial assays demonstrated notable inhibition zones against broad spectra of bacteria, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacter, and Bacillus subtilis, along with potent antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger, Penicillium, and Candida albicans. Notably, when combined with antibiotics, the extract displayed exceptional synergistic antimicrobial efficacy. The black seed extract demonstrated membrane-damaging activity and disrupted virulence factors that protect microbes from antimicrobial agents, including the formation of bacterial biofilm and protease secretion. Thymoquinone, the primary active constituent of the extract, exhibited similar antimicrobial and ant virulence properties. In silico analysis targeting key regulators of quorum sensing and biofilm formation in P. aeruginosa, such as RhlG, LasR, and PqsR, showed a remarkable affinity of thymol and thymoquinone for these targets. Moreover, the N. sativa extract exhibited dose-dependent cytotoxicity against both the promastigote and amastigote forms of Leishmania tropica parasites, hinting at potential antiparasitic activity. In addition to its antimicrobial properties, the extract displayed potential antioxidant activity at a concentration of 400 µg/mL.
Asunto(s)
Antioxidantes , Nigella sativa , Fitoquímicos , Extractos Vegetales , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Extractos Vegetales/química , Nigella sativa/química , Antioxidantes/farmacología , Antioxidantes/química , Fitoquímicos/farmacología , Fitoquímicos/química , Antiinfecciosos/farmacología , Antiinfecciosos/química , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Animales , Bacterias/efectos de los fármacos , Semillas/químicaRESUMEN
Nodal regions, areas of intensive contact between Schwann cells and axons, may be exceptionally vulnerable to diabetes-induced changes because they are exposed to and impacted by the metabolic implications of diabetes. Insulin receptors, glucose transporters, Na+ and K+ channels, and mitochondria are abundant in nodes, all of which have been linked to the development and progression of Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy (DPN) and Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM)-associated cognitive impairment. Our study aimed to evaluate if the administration of Nigella sativa (NS) and Cassia angustifolia (CA) prevented diabetes-associated nervous system deficits in hyperglycemic mice. We developed T1DM mice through Streptozotocin (STZ) injections and validated the elevations in blood glucose levels. NS and CA were administered immediately upon the induction of diabetes. Behavioral analysis, histopathological evaluations, and assessment of molecular biomarkers (NR2A, MPZ, NfL) were performed to assess neuropathy and cognitive impairment. Improvements in memory, myelin loss, and the expression of synaptic proteins, even with the retention of hyperglycemia, were evident in the mice who were given a dose of herbal products upon the detection of hyperglycemia. NS was more beneficial in preventing memory impairments, demyelination, and synaptic dysfunction. The findings indicate that including these herbs in the diets of diabetic as well as pre-diabetic patients can reduce complications associated with T1DM, notably diabetic peripheral neuropathy and cognitive deficits associated with T1DM.
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Disfunción Cognitiva , Neuropatías Diabéticas , Nigella sativa , Animales , Neuropatías Diabéticas/tratamiento farmacológico , Neuropatías Diabéticas/prevención & control , Nigella sativa/química , Ratones , Disfunción Cognitiva/tratamiento farmacológico , Disfunción Cognitiva/prevención & control , Disfunción Cognitiva/etiología , Masculino , Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/complicaciones , Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/tratamiento farmacológico , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Plantas Medicinales/química , SennaRESUMEN
The oil obtained from black cumin (Nigella sativa) seeds has many health-effective properties, which is used in food applications and in traditional medicine. One practical method to extract its oil is mixing with other seeds such as sunflower (Helianthus anuus) seeds before oil extraction by press. The effectiveness of the cold-press oil obtained from the mixture of black cumin seeds (BS) and sunflower seeds (SF) in different proportions 100:0, 95:5, 90:10, 85:15 and 0:100 (w/w) was studied to evaluate their qualitative properties including peroxide value (PV), acid value, p-anisidine value (AnV), pigments (carotenoid and chlorophyll) content, polyphenols, and profile of fatty acids during heating process (30-150 min at 180 °C). The results revealed that the acid and p-anisidine value of the all samples enhanced with the extension of the heating time, and the peroxide value increased at the beginning of the heating and then decreased with the prolongation of the heating time (p < .05). With the increase of temperature and heating time, the peroxide of sunflower oil increased with a higher slope and speed than that of black seed and blends oil. Changes in the PV and AnV were the fastest in sunflower oil. Blending and heating caused considerable changes in the fatty acid composition of oils, especially myristic, palmitic, and stearic acids. Moreover, the levels of certain unsaturated fatty acids, namely linoleic, oleic, and linolenic acids declined after heating. The carotenoids, chlorophyll and total phenol content decreased gradually during heating treatments. Among extracted oils, SF:BS (15%) had the good potential for stability, with total phenol content of 95.92 (Caffeic acid equivalents/100 g), PV of 2.16 (meq O2/kg), AV of 2.59 (mg KOH/g oil), and AnV of 8.08 after the heating. In conclusion, oil extracted from the mixture of SF and BS can be used as salad and cooking oils with a high content of bioactive components and positive nutritional properties.
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Helianthus , Calor , Nigella sativa , Aceites de Plantas , Semillas , Nigella sativa/química , Helianthus/química , Semillas/química , Aceites de Plantas/química , Aceites de Plantas/análisis , Ácidos Grasos/análisis , Clorofila/análisis , Peróxidos/análisis , Polifenoles/análisis , Polifenoles/química , Aceite de Girasol/química , Carotenoides/análisis , Carotenoides/químicaRESUMEN
The oral cavity is an excellent place for various microorganisms to grow. Spectrococcus mutans and Spectrococcus sanguinis are Gram-negative bacteria found in the oral cavity as pioneer biofilm formers on the tooth surface that cause caries. Caries treatment has been done with antibiotics and therapeutics, but the resistance level of S. mutans and S. sanguinis bacteria necessitates the exploration of new drug compounds. Black cumin (Nigella sativa Linn.) is known to contain secondary metabolites that have antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-biofilm, anti-inflammatory and antifungal activities. The purpose of this review article is to present data on the potential of Nigella sativa Linn seeds as anti-biofilm. This article will discuss biofilm-forming bacteria, the resistance mechanism of antibiotics, the bioactivity of N. sativa extracts and seed isolates together with the Structure Activity Relationship (SAR) review of N. sativa compound isolates. We collected data from reliable references that will illustrate the potential of N. sativa seeds as anti-biofilm drug.
Asunto(s)
Antibacterianos , Biopelículas , Caries Dental , Nigella sativa , Fitoquímicos , Semillas , Biopelículas/efectos de los fármacos , Nigella sativa/química , Semillas/química , Caries Dental/microbiología , Caries Dental/tratamiento farmacológico , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Antibacterianos/química , Antibacterianos/aislamiento & purificación , Humanos , Fitoquímicos/farmacología , Fitoquímicos/aislamiento & purificación , Fitoquímicos/química , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Extractos Vegetales/química , Extractos Vegetales/aislamiento & purificación , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Relación Estructura-ActividadRESUMEN
In this study, the complete plastome sequence of Nigella sativa (black seed), was analyzed for the first time. The plastome spans approximately 154,120 bp, comprising four sections: the Large Single-Copy (LSC) (85,538 bp), the Small Single-Copy (SSC) (17,984 bp), and two Inverted Repeat (IR) regions (25,299 bp). A comparative study of N. sativa's plastome with ten other species from various genera in the Ranunculaceae family reveals substantial structural variations. The contraction of the inverted repeat region in N. sativa influences the boundaries of single-copy regions, resulting in a shorter plastome size than other species. When comparing the plastome of N. sativa with those of its related species, significant divergence is observed, particularly except for N. damascena. Among these, the plastome of A. glaucifolium displays the highest average pairwise sequence divergence (0.2851) with N. sativa, followed by A. raddeana (0.2290) and A. coerulea (0.1222). Furthermore, the study identified 12 distinct hotspot regions characterized by elevated Pi values (> 0.1). These regions include trnH-GUG-psbA, matK-trnQ-UUG, psbK-trnR-UCU, atpF-atpI, rpoB-psbD, ycf3-ndhJ, ndhC-cemA, petA-psaJ, trnN-GUU-ndhF, trnV-GAC-rps12, ycf2-trnI-CAU, and ndhA-ycf1. Approximately, 24 tandem and 48 palindromic and forward repeats were detected in N. sativa plastome. The analysis revealed 32 microsatellites with the majority being mononucleotide repeats. In the N. sativa plastome, phenylalanine had the highest number of codons (1982 codons), while alanine was the least common amino acid with 260 codons. A phylogenetic tree, constructed using protein-coding genes, revealed a distinct monophyletic clade comprising N. sativa and N. damascene, closely aligned with the Cimicifugeae tribe and exhibiting robust support. This plastome provides valuable genetic information for precise species identification, phylogenetic resolution, and evolutionary studies of N. sativa.
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Nigella sativa , Filogenia , Nigella sativa/genética , Nigella sativa/química , Genoma de PlastidiosRESUMEN
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) place a significant burden on global health and the healthcare systems which support it. Metabolic syndrome is a major risk factor for a large number of NCDs; however, treatments remain limited. Previous research has shown the protective benefits of edible dietary spices on key components of metabolic syndrome. Therefore we performed a 12-week double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized, clinical trial to evaluate the effect of ginger (Zingiber officinale), cinnamon (Cinnamomum), and black seed (Nigella sativa) consumption on blood glucose, lipid profiles, and body composition in 120 participants with, or at risk of, metabolic syndrome. Each participant consumed 3 g/day of powder (spice or placebo). Data related to different parameters were collected from participants at the baseline, midpoint, and endpoint of the intervention. Over the 12-week interventions, there was an improvement in a number of biochemical indices of metabolic syndrome, including fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, LCL, and total cholesterol associated with supplementation with the spices when compared to a placebo. This study provides evidence to support the adjunct use of supplementation for those at risk of metabolic syndrome and its sequelae.
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Glucemia , Cinnamomum zeylanicum , Síndrome Metabólico , Especias , Zingiber officinale , Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Método Doble Ciego , Persona de Mediana Edad , Cinnamomum zeylanicum/química , Glucemia/efectos de los fármacos , Glucemia/metabolismo , Adulto , Nigella sativa/química , Hemoglobina Glucada/metabolismo , Hemoglobina Glucada/análisis , Composición Corporal/efectos de los fármacos , Anciano , Lípidos/sangre , Suplementos DietéticosRESUMEN
Diabetes causes elevated blood sugar levels, and it has been categorized as one of the most frequent causes of death worldwide. This work aimed to analyze and compare the nutraceutical and therapeutic efficacy of fenugreek seeds (FSs) (Trigonella foenum-graecum) and black cumin seeds (BCSs) (Nigella sativa) against streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus in albino rats. FS and BCSs were evaluated for proximate analysis, phytochemicals, and antioxidant activities. Male albino rats were used to evaluate the in vivo antidiabetic activities of these medicinal plants for 42 days. Blood samples were drawn at regular intervals of 1 week to analyze blood glucose, plasma insulin, and cholesterol levels and to determine the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA IR) index. At the end of the trial, pancreas tissue was also collected for histological examination. Results of the proximate analysis showed the significant presence of moisture, ash, fat, protein, and fiber. Antioxidant parameters like 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, total phenolic content, and total flavonoid content were found to be significant. There was a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in blood glucose level, serum cholesterol level, and insulin resistance in treatment groups T3-T5. Insulin and body weight results of treatment groups were significant (p < 0.05) compared to streptozotocin-intoxicated animals. Histological examination revealed the nutraceutical impact of selected herbal plants due to enhancing impact on the size and the number of ß-cells in the pancreas. Findings of current research work explore the antidiabetic capacity of selected nutraceutical and medicinal plants.
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Antioxidantes , Glucemia , Diabetes Mellitus Experimental , Suplementos Dietéticos , Hipoglucemiantes , Insulina , Nigella sativa , Extractos Vegetales , Semillas , Trigonella , Animales , Trigonella/química , Nigella sativa/química , Masculino , Ratas , Semillas/química , Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/tratamiento farmacológico , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Glucemia/metabolismo , Antioxidantes/farmacología , Antioxidantes/análisis , Hipoglucemiantes/farmacología , Insulina/sangre , Resistencia a la Insulina , Ratas Wistar , Colesterol/sangre , Flavonoides/análisis , Flavonoides/farmacologíaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Sleep and stress interact bidirectionally by acting on brain circuits that affect metabolism. Sleep and its alterations have impact on blood leptin levels, metabolic hormone that regulates appetite. Brain expresses the receptors for the peptide hormone leptin produced from adipocytes. The hypothalamic orexin neurons are low during sleep and active when awake, influenced by a complex interaction with leptin. Thymoquinone was found to be the major bioactive component of Nigella sativa. The aim of this study was to study the role of thymoquinone on sleep restriction and its mitigating effect on leptin-mediated signaling pathway in rat brain. METHODS AND RESULTS: 30 adult male Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups with 6 animals in each group: Control; Thymoquinone (TQ); Corn oil; Chronic Sleep restriction (CSR); and CSR + TQ. After 30 days, behavioral analysis, antioxidant, lipid profile, glucose level, liver and kidney function test, neurotransmitters, neuropeptides, and mRNA expression in in vivo studies were also assessed and pharmacokinetic and docking were done for thymoquinone. Thymoquinone has also shown good binding affinity to the target proteins. CSR has induced oxidative stress in the discrete brain regions and plasma. Current study has shown many evidences that sleep restriction has altered the neurobehavioral, antioxidant status, lipid profile, neurotransmitters, neuropeptide levels, and feeding behavior which damage the Orexin-leptin system which regulates the sleep and feeding that leads to metabolic dysfunction. CONCLUSION: The potentiality of Thymoquinone was revealed in in silico studies, and its action in in vivo studies has proved its effectiveness. The study concludes that Thymoquinone has exhibited its effect by diminishing the metabolic dysfunction by its neuroprotective, antioxidant, and hypolipidemic properties.
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Benzoquinonas , Encéfalo , Leptina , Ratas Wistar , Transducción de Señal , Privación de Sueño , Animales , Benzoquinonas/farmacología , Masculino , Leptina/metabolismo , Leptina/sangre , Ratas , Transducción de Señal/efectos de los fármacos , Encéfalo/metabolismo , Encéfalo/efectos de los fármacos , Privación de Sueño/metabolismo , Privación de Sueño/tratamiento farmacológico , Estrés Oxidativo/efectos de los fármacos , Simulación del Acoplamiento Molecular , Sueño/efectos de los fármacos , Sueño/fisiología , Nigella sativa/química , Antioxidantes/farmacología , Antioxidantes/metabolismoRESUMEN
Malaria impedes the ability of primary cells of the immune system to generate an efficacious inflammatory and immune response. Black seed (Nigella sativa) is a core dietary supplement and food additive in folklore. This study investigated the antioxidant, immunomodulatory, and anti-inflammatory effects of N. sativa cookies in Plasmodium berghei-infected mice. Aqueous extract of black seed was prepared, and the total phenol and flavonoid contents were determined. The mice were infected with standard inoculum of the strain NK65 P. berghei. The mice weight and behavioral changes were observed. The mice were fed with the N. sativa cookies (2.5%, 5%, and 10%) and 10 mg/kg chloroquine for 5 consecutive days after the infection was established. The reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase, catalase, and hematological parameters (red cell indices, leukocytes, and its differentials) in the infected mice were determined. The inflammatory mediators, C-reactive protein (CRP), and myeloperoxidase (MPO) were also assayed. The result revealed that black seed had a total phenol content of 18.73 mgGAE/g and total flavonoid content of 0.36 mgQUE/g. The infected mice treated with N. sativa cookies showed significantly decreased parasitaemia, MDA, and ROS levels. Furthermore, the results showed significant suppression in proinflammatory mediators (CRP and MPO) levels and enhanced antioxidant status of infected mice treated with N. sativa. The study suggests that N. sativa could function as nutraceuticals in the management of Plasmodium infection associated with inflammatory and immunomodulatory disorders.
Asunto(s)
Malaria , Nigella sativa , Estrés Oxidativo , Extractos Vegetales , Plasmodium berghei , Semillas , Animales , Plasmodium berghei/efectos de los fármacos , Malaria/tratamiento farmacológico , Malaria/inmunología , Estrés Oxidativo/efectos de los fármacos , Ratones , Nigella sativa/química , Semillas/química , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Extractos Vegetales/uso terapéutico , Masculino , Antioxidantes/farmacología , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno/metabolismo , Malondialdehído/metabolismo , Inflamación/tratamiento farmacológico , Antiinflamatorios/farmacología , Alimentos Fortificados , Proteína C-Reactiva/metabolismo , Proteína C-Reactiva/análisis , Superóxido Dismutasa/metabolismo , Humanos , Flavonoides/farmacología , Flavonoides/uso terapéutico , Peroxidasa/metabolismoRESUMEN
Iron nanoparticles comprise a significant class of inorganic nanoparticles, which discover applications in various zones by prudence of their few exciting properties. This study achieved the green synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) by black cumin seed (Nigella sativa) extract, which acts as a reducing and capping agent. The iron nanoparticles and black cumin extract were synthesized in three different concentrations: (01:01, 02:04,01:04). UV-visible spectroscopy, XRD, FTIR, and AFM characterized the synthesized iron oxide nanoparticles. UV-visible spectra show the maximum absorbance peak of 01:01 concentration at 380 nm. The other concentrations, such as 02:04, peaked at 400 nm and 01:04 at 680 nm, confirming the formation of iron oxide nanoparticles. AFM analysis reveals the spherical shape of iron oxide nanoparticles. The XRD spectra reveal the (fcc) cubic crystal structure of the iron oxide nanoparticles. The FTIR analysis's peaks at 457.13, 455.20, and 457.13 cm-1 depict the characteristic iron nanoparticle synthesis. The black cumin extract-mediated iron oxide nanoparticles show substantial antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity in a dose-dependent manner.
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Antiinfecciosos , Antiinflamatorios , Nigella sativa , Extractos Vegetales , Semillas , Antiinflamatorios/farmacología , Antiinflamatorios/química , Semillas/química , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Extractos Vegetales/química , Nigella sativa/química , Antiinfecciosos/farmacología , Antiinfecciosos/química , Depuradores de Radicales Libres/farmacología , Depuradores de Radicales Libres/química , Nanopartículas Magnéticas de Óxido de Hierro/química , Compuestos Férricos/química , Tecnología Química VerdeRESUMEN
BACKGROUND AND AIM: Several experiments have suggested that Nigella sativa (N. sativa) supplementation may have a beneficial effect on the lipid profile. However, the results from these trials have been inconclusive. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the impact of N. sativa supplementation on the lipid profile of adult participants. METHODS: We searched Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane, and Web of Science databases until December 2022. Random effects models were used, and pooled data were determined as standardized mean differences with a 95% confidence interval. RESULTS: The findings of 34 studies with 2278 participants revealed that N. sativa supplementation significantly reduced total cholesterol (TC) (SMD: -1.78; 95% CI: -2.20, -1.37, p < 0.001), triglycerides (TG) (SMD: -1.2725; 95% CI: -1.67, -0.83, p < 0.001), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (SMD: -2.45; 95% CI: -3.06, -1.85; p < 0.001) compared to control groups. However, a significant increase was found in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (SMD: 0.79; 95% CI: 0.38, 1.20, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: N. sativa has improved effects on TG, LDL-C, TC, and HDL-C levels. Overall, N. sativa may be suggested as an adjuvant anti-hyperlipidemic agent.
Asunto(s)
Suplementos Dietéticos , Lípidos , Nigella sativa , Ensayos Clínicos Controlados Aleatorios como Asunto , Humanos , Nigella sativa/química , Lípidos/sangre , Adulto , Triglicéridos/sangre , Colesterol/sangre , HDL-Colesterol/sangre , LDL-Colesterol/sangreRESUMEN
Thymoquinone (TQ) is one of the main phytochemical bioactive ingredients in Nigella sativa, with reported immunity-boosting properties. The current study evaluated the anti-inflammatory effect of TQ against inflammation brought on by free fatty acid Palmitate (PA) using macrophages raw 264.7 cell line. Data revealed that TQ significantly improved the viability of basal and PA stimulated Macrophages at concentrations of 50 and 100 µg/mL. Also, TQ significantly reduced nitric oxide and triglyceride levels in PA-stimulated macrophages at concentrations of 50 and 100 µg/mL. The pro-inflammatory cytokines studies revealed that PA significantly increased the release of the cytokines TNF-α, MHGB-1, IL-1ß, and IL-6. TQ at concentrations 25, 50, and 100 µg/ml significantly decreases the release of the studied cytokines in PA-stimulated macrophages to variable extents with parallel inhibition to their corresponding gene expression. Bioenergetic assays showed that PA significantly decreased cellular ATP, mitochondrial complexes I and III activities and mitochondrial membrane potential with a subsequent significant increase in lactate production. At the same time, TQ can alleviate the effect of PA on macrophages' bioenergetics parameters to variable extent based on TQ concentration. To conclude, TQ could mitigate palmitate-induced inflammation and cytotoxicity in macrophages by improving macrophage viability and controlling cytokine release with improved PA-induced bioenergetics disruption.
Asunto(s)
Benzoquinonas , Inflamación , Macrófagos , Nigella sativa , Palmitatos , Benzoquinonas/farmacología , Animales , Macrófagos/efectos de los fármacos , Macrófagos/metabolismo , Ratones , Nigella sativa/química , Células RAW 264.7 , Palmitatos/toxicidad , Palmitatos/farmacología , Inflamación/tratamiento farmacológico , Citocinas/metabolismo , Metabolismo Energético/efectos de los fármacos , Antiinflamatorios/farmacología , Supervivencia Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Potencial de la Membrana Mitocondrial/efectos de los fármacos , Óxido Nítrico/metabolismoRESUMEN
Oral disorders can exert systemic ramifications beyond their localized effects on dental tissues, implicating a wide array of physiological conditions. The utilization of essential oils (EOs) for protection of oral health represents a longstanding practice. Consequently, in this investigation, essential oil derived from Nigella sativa seeds (NSEO) underwent isolation via the hydro-distillation process, followed by a comprehensive evaluation of its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-fungal, antibacterial activities, and cytocompatibility. The isolated NSEO manifested as a pale-yellow substance and was found to harbor a diverse spectrum of bioactive constituents, including steroids, triterpenoids, flavonoids, phenols, proteins, alkaloids, tannin, sesquiterpenoid hydrocarbons, monoterpenoid alcohol, and monoterpenoid ketone (thymoquinone). Notably, the total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) of NSEO were quantified at 641.23 µg GAE/gm and 442.25 µg QE/g, respectively. Furthermore, NSEO exhibited concentration-dependent inhibition of protein denaturation, HRBC membrane stabilization, and hemolysis inhibition. Comparative analysis revealed that NSEO and chlorhexidine (CHX) 0.2% displayed substantial inhibition of hemolysis compared to aspirin. While NSEO and CHX 0.2% demonstrated analogous antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, NSEO showcased heightened efficacy against Lactobacillus acidophilus and Candida albicans. Additionally, NSEO exhibited pronounced effects against periodontal pathogens such as Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, and Prevotella intermedia. Importantly, no cytotoxicity was observed on human gingival fibroblast cell lines. These findings underscore the potential of NSEO as a potent antibacterial and antifungal agent in the management of oral microbial pathogens, thereby offering avenues for the development of innovative therapies targeting diverse oral inflammatory conditions. Nevertheless, further investigations are imperative to unlock its full therapeutic repertoire.
Asunto(s)
Antiinflamatorios , Antioxidantes , Nigella sativa , Aceites Volátiles , Aceites Volátiles/farmacología , Aceites Volátiles/química , Antioxidantes/farmacología , Antioxidantes/química , Nigella sativa/química , Antiinflamatorios/farmacología , Antiinflamatorios/química , Humanos , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Antibacterianos/química , Semillas/química , Antiinfecciosos/farmacología , Antiinfecciosos/químicaRESUMEN
Kidney disease is a common health problem worldwide. Acute or chronic injuries may interfere with kidney functions, eventually resulting in irreversible kidney damage. A number of recent studies have shown that the plant-derived natural products have an extensive potential for renal protection. Thymoquinone (TQ) is an essential compound derived from Nigella Sativa (NS), which is widely applied in the Middle East as a folk medicine. Previous experiments have demonstrated that TQ has a variety of potential pharmacological effects, including anti-oxidant, antibacterial, antitumor, immunomodulatory, and neuroprotective activities. In particular, the prominent renal protective efficacy of TQ has been demonstrated in both in vivo and in vitro experiments. TQ can prevent acute kidney injuries from various xenobiotics through anti-oxidation, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptosis effects. In addition, TQ exhibited significant pharmacological effects on renal cell carcinoma, renal fibrosis, and urinary calculi. The essential mechanisms involve scavenging ROS and increasing anti-oxidant activity, decreasing inflammatory mediators, inducing apoptosis, and inhibiting migration and invasion. The purpose of this review is to conclude the pharmacological effects and the potential mechanisms of TQ in renal protection, shedding new light on the exploration of medicinal phyto-protective agents targeting kidneys.
Asunto(s)
Antioxidantes , Apoptosis , Benzoquinonas , Nigella sativa , Fitoterapia , Benzoquinonas/farmacología , Humanos , Nigella sativa/química , Antioxidantes/farmacología , Apoptosis/efectos de los fármacos , Animales , Enfermedades Renales/prevención & control , Enfermedades Renales/tratamiento farmacológico , Riñón/efectos de los fármacos , Antiinflamatorios , Lesión Renal Aguda/prevención & control , Lesión Renal Aguda/tratamiento farmacológico , Carcinoma de Células Renales/tratamiento farmacológico , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno/metabolismo , Sustancias Protectoras/farmacologíaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: This study evaluates the efficacy of a novel mucoadhesive patch containing Nigella sativa 10% extract compared to triamcinolone 0.1% in alleviating symptoms and reducing lesion severity in patients with erosive-atrophic oral lichen planus. METHODS AND MATERIALS: A pilot study comprising two groups, each with 10 patients, was conducted. The intervention group received mucoadhesive patches containing N. sativa 10% extract, while the control group received triamcinolone acetonide 0.1% patches. Pain and burning intensity, measured through visual analog scale, and lesion severity based on the Thongprasom scale were assessed weekly for 4 weeks. Descriptive records were kept for side effects and patient satisfaction. RESULTS: Pain and burning intensity decreased in both groups throughout the sessions, with the N. sativa group showing a greater reduction than the triamcinolone group. The reduction in burning intensity within each group was significant (p < .001), and there was a significant difference between groups only in the second session (p = .045). The overall difference between groups was not significant (p > .05). Lesion severity also decreased significantly in both groups (p < .001), with a significant difference between groups observed in the third session (p = .043) and overall throughout the study (p = .006). CONCLUSION: The use of N. sativa extract in mucoadhesive patches was as effective as corticosteroids in reducing pain, burning, and lesion severity in patients with oral lichen planus, with N. sativa showing superior results in some sessions. Notably, no significant complications were observed with N. sativa use, making it a promising treatment option for lichen planus.
Asunto(s)
Liquen Plano Oral , Nigella sativa , Extractos Vegetales , Adulto , Anciano , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Antiinflamatorios/administración & dosificación , Liquen Plano Oral/tratamiento farmacológico , Nigella sativa/química , Dimensión del Dolor , Fitoterapia/métodos , Proyectos Piloto , Extractos Vegetales/administración & dosificación , Resultado del Tratamiento , Triamcinolona/administración & dosificación , Triamcinolona/uso terapéutico , Triamcinolona Acetonida/administración & dosificación , Triamcinolona Acetonida/uso terapéuticoRESUMEN
The current study aimed to determine the polyphenol compounds in Nigella sativa (NS) and Eruca sativa (ES) seeds, and evaluate the impact of their addition either as a sole additive or in combination on the growth performance, digestibility, some rumen and blood parameters and antioxidative status of Barki lambs. Forty-eight male lambs (27.18 ± 0.22 kg, 5-6 months), were divided into 4 balanced groups. The experimental diets were randomly distributed to the control group (CON); fed alfalfa hay plus concentrate feed mixture at a ratio of 30:70% without additives, while, NSD, ESD, and NESD groups: fed CON diet plus 2% NS, 2% ES or 1% NS + 1% ES, respectively as a ratio from total mixed ration (TMR). Results indicated that rutin and catechin were the most phenolic compounds observed either in NS or ES seeds. The NS and ES-supplemented groups recorded the highest (P < 0.05) values for dry matter digestibility, nutritive values, average daily gain, and the best feed conversion ratio. However, growth performance, nutritive value, and all nutrient digestibility except for dry matter were not significantly altered with the NESD group. Concentrations of ruminal NH3-N and TVFA were significantly (P < 0.05) reduced with the NESD group, with no significant differences in pH values among different groups. Values of blood parameters showed significant increases in WBCs, PCV, and T-AOC, and decreases in cholesterol, triglycerides, and MDA with the addition of NS and ES seeds or both. Therefore, the addition of NS and ES seeds is recommended to improve lambs' health and antioxidant status.