RESUMEN
Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a common dysbiosis of the human vaginal microbiota characterized by depletion of hydrogen peroxide and lactic acid-producing Lactobacillus bacteria and an overgrowth of certain facultative anaerobic bacteria. Although short-term cure rates following treatment with frontline antibiotics (most notably oral metronidazole (MNZ), clindamycin vaginal cream, and MNZ vaginal gel) are generally high, longer-term recurrence rates are an issue. The development of vaginal formulations offering continuous/sustained administration of antibiotic drugs over one or more weeks might prove useful in reducing recurrence. Here, we report the manufacture and preclinical testing of matrix-type vaginal rings offering sustained release of four 5-nitroimidazole antimicrobial drugs either being used clinically or having potential in treatment of BV - MNZ, tinidazole (TNZ), secnidazole (SNZ) and ornidazole (ONZ). All four drugs showed good compatibility with a medical-grade addition-cure silicone elastomer based upon thermal analysis experiments, and matrix-type rings containing 250 mg (3.125 %w/w) of each drug were successfully manufactured by reaction injection molding. 28-day in vitro drug release studies demonstrated root-time kinetics, with daily release rates of 25, 22, 9 and 6 mg/day½ for SNZ, ONZ, MNZ and TNZ, respectively. The rank order of drug release from rings correlated with the simple molecular permeability parameter S/V, where S is the measured drug solubility in silicone fluid and V is the drug molecular volume. The relative merits of SNZ and ONZ over MNZ (the current reference treatment) are discussed. The data support development of vaginal rings for sustained release of 5-nitroimidazole compounds for treatment of BV.
Asunto(s)
Dispositivos Anticonceptivos Femeninos , Ornidazol , Vaginosis Bacteriana , Femenino , Humanos , Vaginosis Bacteriana/tratamiento farmacológico , Elastómeros de Silicona , Preparaciones de Acción Retardada/uso terapéutico , Administración Intravaginal , Metronidazol , Antibacterianos , Tinidazol , Ornidazol/uso terapéuticoRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of ornidazole in inhibiting the progression of endometriosis in a rat model. DESIGN: This was an in vivo experiment, including the ornidazole group (n = 16) and a control group (n = 14). Rats were provided with free access to water containing ornidazole (1 g/L) or drinking water only for 14 days. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Surgical induction of endometriosis was performed in Sprague Dawley rats via autologous endometrial transplantation. Rats were provided with free access to water containing ornidazole (1 g/L) or drinking water only for 14 days. Once the rats were euthanized (ornidazole group, n = 16; control group, n = 14), histological signatures and the volumes of endometriosis lesions were assessed. Cells positive for the inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1ß, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α were counted. Angiogenesis was identified by assessing vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and microvessel density. RESULTS: The median lesion volume was lower in the ornidazole group (20.2 mm3; range, 5.7-53.3 mm3) than in the control group (81.3 mm3; range, 32.8-122.2 mm3; p = 0.007). Median IL-1ß cell counts were 5.3 (range, 4.5-6.4) for ornidazole and 11.7 (range, 9.4-15.4) for control (p < 0.001). Mean IL-6 cell counts were 5.6 ± 1.8 for ornidazole and 11.3 ± 4.1 for control (p < 0.001). Median TNF-α cell counts were 5.7 (range, 4.5-7.2) for ornidazole and 12.1 (range, 10.0-15.9) for control (p < 0.001). Median VEGF cell counts were 8.1 (range, 6.5-11.4) for ornidazole and 18.3 (range, 14.2-21.0) for control (p = 0.001). Median microvessel density values were 11.3/HPF (range, 7.7-21.8) for ornidazole and 28.7/HPF (range, 13.1-48.2) for control (p = 0.012). LIMITATIONS: This study is a short period and small sample size experiment. In this study, multiple drug concentrations were not used. We did not use in vitro models to assess the anti-inflammatory and antiangiogenic effects of ornidazole on endometriosis, and the specific anti-inflammatory and antiangiogenic mechanisms associated with ornidazole need to be further investigated. CONCLUSION: Ornidazole restricts the growth of endometriosis in rats, possibly by exerting anti-inflammatory and antiangiogenic effects.
Asunto(s)
Agua Potable , Endometriosis , Ornidazol , Animales , Femenino , Ratas , Antiinflamatorios/uso terapéutico , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Endometriosis/patología , Interleucina-6 , Ornidazol/uso terapéutico , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa/metabolismo , Factor A de Crecimiento Endotelial Vascular/metabolismoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Resistance of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) to antibiotics is an evolving and dynamic process. Presence of antibiotic resistance impacts the success rate of initial eradication strategies in the clinic. AIM: To improve the success rate of initial eradication therapy and explore new antibiotic regimens, a large sample-based study utilizing antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed. A total of 2508 H. pylori strains from patients subjected to initial eradication therapy were isolated, cultured, and tested for drug susceptibility from 2017 to 2021. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) was recorded. H. pylori susceptibility profiles and its change trends from initial eradication patients were analyzed. The relationships between drug resistance, year of sample collection, age, and sex of patients were analyzed. RESULTS: The overall resistance rates were as follows: amoxicillin (9.25%), clarithromycin (38.48%), levofloxacin (42.86%), furazolidone (11.28%), doxycycline (8.56%), rifampicin (10.81%), tinidazole (74.32%), gatifloxacin (61.71%), tetracycline (0%), metronidazole (78.71%), ornidazole (97.87%), and fosfomycin (31.67%). Only 38.04% of the strains were pansusceptible to amoxicillin, clarithromycin, levofloxacin, and furazolidone, followed by those of mono resistance (29.90%), double resistance (24.96%), triple resistance (6.34%), and quadruple resistance (0.76%). Significant differences in the resistance rate and MIC were also observed in different age and sex groups. Time of collection and patient age and sex were associated with the distribution of antibiotic resistance. CONCLUSION: With the increasing resistance rate and multiple resistance of H. pylori to commonly used antibiotics, drug susceptibility testing is imperative to permit individualized therapy, and a regimen containing the combination of amoxicillin, furazolidone, tetracycline, doxycycline, or rifampicin is reasonable for initial empirical eradication therapy.
Asunto(s)
Fosfomicina , Infecciones por Helicobacter , Helicobacter pylori , Mycobacterium tuberculosis , Ornidazol , Amoxicilina/farmacología , Amoxicilina/uso terapéutico , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Antibacterianos/uso terapéutico , Claritromicina/uso terapéutico , Doxiciclina/uso terapéutico , Farmacorresistencia Bacteriana , Fosfomicina/uso terapéutico , Furazolidona/uso terapéutico , Gatifloxacina/uso terapéutico , Infecciones por Helicobacter/tratamiento farmacológico , Infecciones por Helicobacter/epidemiología , Humanos , Levofloxacino/uso terapéutico , Metronidazol/uso terapéutico , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Ornidazol/uso terapéutico , Rifampin , Tinidazol/uso terapéuticoRESUMEN
To evaluate the clinical effect of ornidazole mixture in auxiliary filling of patients with endodontic disease. A total of 124 patients with endodontic diseases admitted to our hospital from January 2020 to December 2021 were included and divided into two groups according to the random number table. The observation group (n = 62) was given ornidazole mixture-assisted filling, while the control group (n = 62) was given pulp mummification filling to evaluate its application effect. Compared with the control group, the disappearance time of tooth hyperesthesia, gingival redness, and pain symptoms in the observation group were significantly shorter and the difference had statistical significance (P < 0.05); the excellent and good rate of the observation group was 96.77% and 85.48%, respectively, and the difference had statistical significance (P < 0.05); the masticatory efficiency, occlusal force, and oral health-related quality of life scores in the observation group were higher than those in the control group after treatment, and the difference had statistical significance (P < 0.05). Ornidazole mixture can promote the curative effect, shorten the time of symptom disappearance, and effectively improve the masticatory function and quality of life in patients with endodontic diseases.
Asunto(s)
Ornidazol , Humanos , Ornidazol/efectos adversos , Ornidazol/uso terapéutico , Calidad de VidaRESUMEN
Aim & Background: Ornidazole is an antimicrobial drug used to treat certain types of vaginal, urinary tract, and interstitial infections. The study aims to formulate and evaluate the dental inserts by using a drug candidate to sustained drug release to improve patient compliance, reduce dosing frequency, reduce the risk of dose dumping, and avoid the first-pass metabolism. They have better therapeutic efficacy and fewer side effects. METHODS: The dental inserts were prepared using various polymers alone and in combination with the different ratios of polymers. The evaluation parameters like thickness, drug content, content uniformity, moisture reuptake, weight variation, swelling studies, and erosion studies of the optimized inserts were studied. The in-vivo studies were conducted to determine the reduction of pocket depth in human volunteers. RESULTS: The system containing ethylcellulose and hydroxyl methyl propyl cellulose K100M (4:1) formulation F6 was optimized because drug release was sustained up to 120 hrs concerning other formulations. Optimized formulation followed first-order kinetics and Peppas release kinetics via fickian diffusion. There was no swelling, itching, irritation, and no reduction in the pocket depth in in-vivo studies. CONCLUSION: The study concluded that dental inserts could extend the release of Ornidazole for many hours and also enhance bioavailability. Furthermore, they also help in avoiding the first-pass effect. In vivo studies' observations showed no itching, irritation, swelling, and pocket-depth reduction.
Asunto(s)
Antiinfecciosos/administración & dosificación , Implantes Dentales , Ornidazol/administración & dosificación , Antiinfecciosos/efectos adversos , Antiinfecciosos/farmacocinética , Antiinfecciosos/uso terapéutico , Disponibilidad Biológica , Celulosa/análogos & derivados , Preparaciones de Acción Retardada , Composición de Medicamentos , Humanos , Derivados de la Hipromelosa , Ornidazol/efectos adversos , Ornidazol/farmacocinética , Ornidazol/uso terapéuticoRESUMEN
RATIONALE: Lupus miliaris disseminatus faciei (LMDF) is an inflammatory granulomatous skin disease without a clear etiology that frequently involves the middle area of the face and the upper eyelids. Pathological features of the disease include caseation necrosis and epithelioid granuloma. Consensus treatment for LMDF is currently unavailable. PATIENT CONCERNS: A 47-year-old Chinese female patient who presented with facial pruritic, erythematous papules 8 months before this study. She was diagnosed with skin tuberculosis at another hospital and given antituberculosis medication. However, the treatment was not efficacious. DIAGNOSES: In this study, the diagnosis of Demodex-induced LMDF was made by a dermatologist according to physical examination, skin biopsy pathology, and microscopic examination. INTERVENTIONS: The patient was given ornidazole tablets (500âmg twice a day) and recombinant bovine basic fibroblast growth factor gel (0.2âg/cm twice a day) for an 8-week period. OUTCOMES: Eight weeks after the treatment, the facial erythematous papules were improved, and no new skin lesions were observed. The patient showed no signs of recurrence during the 6-month follow-up. LESSONS SUBSECTIONS: This case showed that ornidazole combined with recombinant bovine basic fibroblast growth factor gel might be useful in treatment of Demodex-induced LMDF. In addition, the results suggested that pathological caseation necrosis was caused by a series of inflammatory and immune responses to Demodex infection.
Asunto(s)
Dermatosis Facial/etiología , Rosácea/parasitología , Piel/parasitología , Amebicidas/administración & dosificación , Amebicidas/uso terapéutico , Animales , Pueblo Asiatico/etnología , Errores Diagnósticos , Dermatosis Facial/patología , Femenino , Factores de Crecimiento de Fibroblastos/administración & dosificación , Factores de Crecimiento de Fibroblastos/uso terapéutico , Granuloma/patología , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Ácaros/parasitología , Necrosis/patología , Ornidazol/administración & dosificación , Ornidazol/uso terapéutico , Rosácea/tratamiento farmacológico , Piel/patología , Piel/ultraestructura , Resultado del Tratamiento , Tuberculosis Cutánea/diagnóstico , Tuberculosis Cutánea/tratamiento farmacológicoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Bacteroides caccae is a ubiquitous, anaerobic bacteria, but it is not a common cause of pathologic bloodstream infection. Diabetic patients are at increased risk of developing anaerobic bacteria infection. Here, we report a repeated fever case caused by Bacteroides caccae in a diabetic patient. The aim of this study was to describe the clinical characteristics and manifestations of Bacteroides caccae. METHODS: The pathogenic bacteria isolated from patient blood was identified as Bacteroides caccae. Identification of the Bacteroides caccae was done by 16s rDNA sequencing and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of light spectrometry. The infection was cured by one-week combined therapy of intravenous Piperacillin tazobactam and oral Ornidazole tablet. RESULTS: After treatment had been completed, no episodes of fever occurred during the follow-up to date. CONCLUSIONS: Bacteroides caccae is regarded as an intestinal, opportunistic pathogenic bacteria. It can invade the mucosa of the intestine and cause various abdominal suppurative infections. Sequencing and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight spectrometry could have a role for Bacteroides caccae diagnosis. The curative effect of using first generation cephalosporines therapy was unsatisfactory. Using intravenous Piperacillin tazobactam and ornidazole tablet might obtain certain curative effect. Early diagnosis and appropriate anti-infection therapy were necessary to improve the outcome of patients with Bacteroides caccae bloodstream infection.
Asunto(s)
Infecciones por Bacteroides/microbiología , Bacteroides/fisiología , Complicaciones de la Diabetes/microbiología , Diabetes Mellitus/microbiología , Fiebre/microbiología , Bacteroides/efectos de los fármacos , Bacteroides/aislamiento & purificación , Infecciones por Bacteroides/sangre , Infecciones por Bacteroides/tratamiento farmacológico , Complicaciones de la Diabetes/sangre , Complicaciones de la Diabetes/tratamiento farmacológico , Quimioterapia Combinada , Femenino , Fiebre/tratamiento farmacológico , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Ornidazol/uso terapéutico , Combinación Piperacilina y Tazobactam/uso terapéuticoRESUMEN
This study aims to analyze the clinical use of ornidazole injection at the post-marketing stage by centralized hospital monitoring system method, and investigate its widespread use in patients, in order to regulate and guide the rational drug use, improve the drug specificity and provide a basis for drug therapy. The study adopts a prospective, multi-center, large sample size, centralized hospital monitoring system. We selected five leading hospitals in Hubei province, and observed the inpatients who received the ornidazole injection from July 1, 2015 to October 31, 2015. The basic information of patients was recorded, as well as the drug use and adverse events. The statistical analysis was performed based on these data. A total of 4396 individuals were enrolled in this study, most of them were middle-aged female patients and the ornidazole injection was mainly used as prophylactic prior to surgery to prevent the infections, and surgical treatment of anaerobic infections, abdominal infections and pelvic infections. The irrational drug use existed mainly in the prescribing and administration process, including unreasonable dosing frequency, rapid intravenous drip speed and extended duration of drug use. Eleven cases of adverse reactions were collected during the monitoring, incidence rate of adverse reactions was 2.5; adverse drug reactions occurred within 30 min. The study results fully reflected the usage of ornidazole injection in the real world. Based on the study, we calculated the adverse reaction incidence of ornidazole and identified the risk factors which may affect the safety of ornidazole injection. Study results strongly recommend that the manufacturers should publish standards for inpatient use and doctors should prescribe with caution accordingly.
Asunto(s)
Antitricomonas/uso terapéutico , Monitoreo de Drogas/tendencias , Sistemas de Medicación en Hospital/estadística & datos numéricos , Ornidazol/uso terapéutico , Profilaxis Pre-Exposición/estadística & datos numéricos , Vigilancia de Productos Comercializados/tendencias , Adulto , Anciano , Antitricomonas/efectos adversos , Antitricomonas/provisión & distribución , Femenino , Humanos , Inyecciones , Pacientes Internos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Infecciones Oportunistas/prevención & control , Ornidazol/efectos adversos , Ornidazol/provisión & distribución , Infección Pélvica/prevención & control , Pautas de la Práctica en Medicina/estadística & datos numéricos , Profilaxis Pre-Exposición/métodos , Estudios Prospectivos , Factores de RiesgoRESUMEN
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of bone morphogenetic protein-7 (BMP-7) and ornidazole (ORN) loaded Chitosan/ß-glycerophosphate (CS/ß-GP) thermosensitive hydrogels on periodontal regeneration. CS/ß-GP hydrogels with and without BMP-7 and ORN were compared with respect to physicochemical properties, release kinetics, and antimicrobial activity in vitro, and periodontal regeneration properties in class III furcation defects in beagles via radiography, histology including immunohistochemical staining of osteoblasts and osteoclasts, and histometric analysis. CS/ß-GP hydrogels with and without BMP-7 and ORN had comparable physicochemical properties and gelation kinetics. Release kinetics showed that the hydrogels were capable of stable and sustained release of BMP-7 and ORN. The hydrogels loaded with ORN exhibited obvious antimicrobial activity against P. gingivalis. Histometric analysis quantitatively showed significantly more new bone and cementum, and less connective tissue in defects implanted with BMP-7 loaded hydrogels compared with hydrogels without BMP-7. The number of osteoclasts reduced significantly in the CS/BMP-7/ORN and CS/BMP-7 groups, while the number of osteoblasts increased significantly in these groups. Our findings showed that BMP-7 and ORN conferred additional advantages to the CS/ß-GP hydrogel in periodontal regeneration and suggest potential consideration of this approach for periodontal therapy.
Asunto(s)
Proteína Morfogenética Ósea 7/uso terapéutico , Quitosano/química , Defectos de Furcación/tratamiento farmacológico , Glicerofosfatos/química , Hidrogeles/química , Ornidazol/uso terapéutico , Periodoncio/patología , Cicatrización de Heridas/efectos de los fármacos , Animales , Antiinfecciosos/farmacología , Proteína Morfogenética Ósea 7/farmacología , Preparaciones de Acción Retardada/farmacología , Perros , Liberación de Fármacos , Defectos de Furcación/patología , Inyecciones , Cinética , Masculino , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Ornidazol/farmacología , Regeneración/efectos de los fármacos , Temperatura , ViscosidadRESUMEN
PURPOSE: The pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic characteristics of levornidazole were studied in patients with intra-abdominal anaerobic infection to provide the rationale of new clinical dosing regimen of levornidazole. METHODS: A single-center, open, multidose trial was conducted in 16 patients with intra-abdominal anaerobic infection. Patients received levornidazole at 500mg q12h by intravenous infusion for 3 to 7days. The plasma samples collected before and after the last dose were analyzed by the LC-MS/MS method to determine the concentration of levornidazole. The PK parameters of levornidazole were calculated, and the PK profiles of levornidazole after the dosing regimen of 750mg q24h for 7days were simulated based on the linear PK profile of levornidazole. Monte Carlo simulation was used for estimating the cumulative fraction of response and probability of target attainment (PTA) of both dosing regimens at steady-state against Bacteroides fragilis. FINDINGS: After administration of the last dose of 500mg of levornidazole, the mean (SD) Cmax_ss, AUC0-12, and t1/2 of levornidazole were 24.0 (5.37) µg/mL, 176.59 (29.22) µg·h/mL, and 11.03 (1.34) hours, respectively. The mean (SD) CLss and Vss of levornidazole were 2.90 (0.47) L/h and 45.90 (7.44) L, respectively. The mean (SD) distribution volume of central compartment (V1) and distribution volume of peripheral compartment (V2) were 26.71 (8.51) L and 19.21 (10.86) L, respectively. On the basis of simulation, the accumulation ratio of levornidazole in the 750mg q24h dosing regimen was 30.2% lower than the value in the 500mg q12h dosing regimen. Forthe 2 dosing regimens, the Cmax_ss, AUC0-τ, AUC0-∞, CLss, and Vss did not produce a significant difference between patients and healthy volunteers (P > 0.05). The cumulative fraction of response of levornidazole against B fragilis was >90%, and the probability of target attainment after both dosing regimens was >90%, when the MIC was ≤1 µg/mL. IMPLICATIONS: No significant differences were found in the PK profiles of levornidazole at steady state between the patients with intra-abdominal anaerobic infection and healthy volunteers. The clinical conventional 750mg q24h regimen can achieve similar clinical and microbiological efficacies against anaerobic in the patients after the 500mg q12h regimen.
Asunto(s)
Antibacterianos/farmacología , Antibacterianos/farmacocinética , Bacteroides fragilis/efectos de los fármacos , Infecciones Intraabdominales/tratamiento farmacológico , Ornidazol/farmacología , Ornidazol/farmacocinética , Adulto , Antibacterianos/uso terapéutico , Área Bajo la Curva , Bacterias Anaerobias , Femenino , Voluntarios Sanos , Humanos , Infusiones Intravenosas , Infecciones Intraabdominales/microbiología , Masculino , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Persona de Mediana Edad , Método de Montecarlo , Ornidazol/uso terapéuticoAsunto(s)
Erupciones por Medicamentos/epidemiología , Erupciones por Medicamentos/etiología , Estudios Transversales , Humanos , Metronidazol/efectos adversos , Metronidazol/uso terapéutico , Naproxeno/efectos adversos , Naproxeno/uso terapéutico , Ornidazol/efectos adversos , Ornidazol/uso terapéutico , Piroxicam/efectos adversos , Piroxicam/análogos & derivados , Piroxicam/uso terapéutico , Combinación Trimetoprim y Sulfametoxazol/efectos adversos , Combinación Trimetoprim y Sulfametoxazol/uso terapéutico , TurquíaAsunto(s)
Infección Pélvica/diagnóstico , Peritonitis/diagnóstico , Complicaciones Infecciosas del Embarazo/diagnóstico , Adulto , Antibacterianos/uso terapéutico , Ceftriaxona/uso terapéutico , Cesárea , Femenino , Fertilización In Vitro/efectos adversos , Humanos , Recién Nacido , Recien Nacido Prematuro , Recién Nacido de muy Bajo Peso , Masculino , Ornidazol/uso terapéutico , Infección Pélvica/tratamiento farmacológico , Peritonitis/tratamiento farmacológico , Embarazo , Complicaciones Infecciosas del Embarazo/tratamiento farmacológico , Embarazo Gemelar , EsclerosisAsunto(s)
Clobetasol/efectos adversos , Enfermedades de los Genitales Masculinos/tratamiento farmacológico , Glucocorticoides/efectos adversos , Dermatosis de la Pierna/tratamiento farmacológico , Tiña/tratamiento farmacológico , Administración Cutánea , Antibacterianos/uso terapéutico , Antifúngicos/uso terapéutico , Antitricomonas/uso terapéutico , Progresión de la Enfermedad , Combinación de Medicamentos , Ingle , Humanos , Masculino , Naftalenos/uso terapéutico , Ofloxacino/uso terapéutico , Ornidazol/uso terapéutico , Terbinafina , Muslo , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Fixed drug eruption (FDE) is a special variant of drug reaction seen on skin or mucous membrane, and typically recurs at the same location. Ornidazole-induced FDE cases have been reported extremely rare. CASE: The 48-year-old female patient was diagnosed for ornidazole-induced fixed drug reaction on the sole. The patient's history revealed that the lesion occurred for the third time in the last 6 months and she was administered ornidazole tablet 3 times by the gynecologist for genitourinary tract infection. CONCLUSION: This report presents a case of fixed drug reaction located at the sole induced by ornidazole use and a literature review.
Asunto(s)
Antitricomonas/efectos adversos , Erupciones por Medicamentos/etiología , Ornidazol/efectos adversos , Antitricomonas/uso terapéutico , Erupciones por Medicamentos/patología , Femenino , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Ornidazol/uso terapéutico , Piel/efectos de los fármacos , Piel/patología , Infecciones Urinarias/tratamiento farmacológicoRESUMEN
The aim of this study was to develop and to investigate a film of compound Calculus Bovis Sativus (CBS) and ornidazole film. A uniform mucoadhesive film was herein successfully obtained by a film-forming solusion containing insoluable drug. This film, as a valid adjunct for the treatment of oral mucosal ulcer, consisted of two main drugs (CBS, ornidazole) and three polymers (hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, chitosan, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)). The film was prepared with the film-forming suspension, using casting-solvent evaporation technique. The drug content, release behavior, swelling index and mucoadhesive properties of the film were detected. Then the effects of the prepared film on a glacial acetic acid-induced oral mucosal ulceration model of rabbits were evaluated. Moreover, the in vivo release of bilirubin and ornidazole in saliva were also detected in the oral mucosae of healthy volunteers. The films showed favorable in vitro drug release behaviors and swelling properties. Mucosal wounds in the animals were significantly relieved. With the films well tolerated, the salivary concentrations of ornidazole were maintained above the minimum inhibitory concentration against CBS for about 2 h. The compound CBS and ornidazole film functioned better than the film only containing CBS and ornidazole did. Therefore, it is a potentially efficient drug delivery system for the treatment of oral ulcers.
Asunto(s)
Sistemas de Liberación de Medicamentos , Cálculos Biliares/química , Úlceras Bucales/tratamiento farmacológico , Ornidazol/administración & dosificación , Ácido Acético , Adhesividad , Adulto , Animales , Bovinos , Quitosano/administración & dosificación , Quitosano/química , Liberación de Fármacos , Humanos , Derivados de la Hipromelosa/administración & dosificación , Derivados de la Hipromelosa/química , Masculino , Mucosa Bucal/efectos de los fármacos , Mucosa Bucal/metabolismo , Mucosa Bucal/patología , Úlceras Bucales/inducido químicamente , Úlceras Bucales/patología , Ornidazol/química , Ornidazol/farmacocinética , Ornidazol/uso terapéutico , Alcohol Polivinílico/administración & dosificación , Alcohol Polivinílico/química , Conejos , Saliva/metabolismo , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
BACKGROUND/AIMS: Sequential therapy is one of the recent answers given to the problem of increasing antibiotic resistance and decreasing eradication rates of Helicobacter pylori infection. The aim of this study is to compare the ornidazole-based sequentialtherapy with the standard triple therapy in Helicobacter pylori eradication. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Children aged 4-18 years diagnosed with Helicobacter pylori infection based on histology and at least one of 13 C urea breath test and rapid urease test positivity were included in the study. Children were randomized to standard triple therapy with amoxicillin, clarithromycin, and lansoprazole for 14 days and sequential therapy with amoxicillin and lansoprazole for the first 5 days and clarithromycin, ornidazole and lansoprazole for another 5 days in 2:3 randomization. At the end of the treatment, families were contacted by phone, and side effects of and the compliance to the treatment were noted. Patients were requested to do 13 C urea breath test 6-8 weeks after the treatment. RESULTS: Sixty-one children were included for the final analysis. Per-protocol eradication rates were 48.6% for sequential therapy group and 54.2% for standard triple therapy group. Intention to treat eradication rates were 40.9% and 46.0%, respectively. There were no differences between eradication rates in the two study groups. Side effect rates were also similar between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Ornidazole-based sequential therapy did not show any superiority compared to the standard triple treatment in children with Helicobacter pylori infection.
Asunto(s)
Antibacterianos/uso terapéutico , Infecciones por Helicobacter/tratamiento farmacológico , Helicobacter pylori , Ornidazol/uso terapéutico , Inhibidores de la Bomba de Protones/uso terapéutico , Adolescente , Niño , Preescolar , Quimioterapia Combinada , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Insuficiencia del TratamientoRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: Antimicrobials are increasingly being used as adjuncts to non-surgical or surgical periodontal therapy. The main purpose of the present analysis was to evaluate the effect of systemic ornidazole (ORN) on total anaerobic microbial counts of subjects with moderate to advanced chronic periodontitis (CP). METHODS: This was a single-center, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial of six months duration. Fifty-eight subjects presenting with at least 12 teeth with probing depth (PD) > or = 4 mm were selected. Thirty subjects received full-mouth scaling and root planing (SRP) + placebo (control group) and 28 subjects received full-mouth SRP + ORN (test group). The total anaerobic counts were analyzed by collecting subgingival plaque from deepest pockets at baseline (B/L), 1 week, 1 month, 3 months and 6 months. RESULTS: Paired and unpaired t-tests were used to determine the inter- and intra-group differences. Fifty subjects were evaluated up to six months. There was a significant difference in the number of anaerobes in the two groups at all the intervals except B/L (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: The systemic use of ORN very efficiently reduced the microbial load in the group that received antibiotics.
Asunto(s)
Antiinfecciosos/uso terapéutico , Bacterias Anaerobias/efectos de los fármacos , Infecciones Bacterianas/tratamiento farmacológico , Periodontitis Crónica/microbiología , Ornidazol/uso terapéutico , Adulto , Antiinfecciosos/administración & dosificación , Antiinfecciosos Locales/uso terapéutico , Carga Bacteriana/efectos de los fármacos , Clorhexidina/uso terapéutico , Periodontitis Crónica/tratamiento farmacológico , Placa Dental/microbiología , Raspado Dental , Método Doble Ciego , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Viabilidad Microbiana/efectos de los fármacos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Antisépticos Bucales/uso terapéutico , Higiene Bucal , Ornidazol/administración & dosificación , Bolsa Periodontal/microbiología , Bolsa Periodontal/terapia , Placebos , Aplanamiento de la Raíz , Comprimidos , Resultado del TratamientoAsunto(s)
Amebicidas/efectos adversos , Enfermedad Hepática Inducida por Sustancias y Drogas/etiología , Ornidazol/efectos adversos , Administración Oral , Adulto , Amebicidas/administración & dosificación , Amebicidas/uso terapéutico , Enfermedad Hepática Inducida por Sustancias y Drogas/patología , Femenino , Gingivitis/tratamiento farmacológico , Humanos , Ornidazol/administración & dosificación , Ornidazol/uso terapéutico , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
The experience of the drug Ornigil (infusion form ornidazole) production of "Yuria-Pharm" (Ukraine) in the treatment of the hepatopancreatobiliary zone organs diseases (acute destructive cholecystitis, pancreatitis, cholangitis, liver abscess), as well as for the prevention of purulent--septic complications after surgery for about these diseases.
Asunto(s)
Cavidad Abdominal/cirugía , Antibacterianos/uso terapéutico , Ornidazol/uso terapéutico , Atención Perioperativa/métodos , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/prevención & control , Sepsis/prevención & control , Antibacterianos/administración & dosificación , Bacterias Anaerobias/efectos de los fármacos , Enfermedades del Sistema Digestivo/cirugía , Quimioterapia Combinada , Humanos , Infusiones Intravenosas , Ornidazol/administración & dosificación , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/microbiología , Sepsis/microbiología , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
The aim of this study was to develop a rapid and sensitive method for the simultaneous quantification of metronidazole (MEZ), tinidazole (TNZ), ornidazole (ONZ) and morinidazole (MNZ) in human saliva. A reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method with ultraviolet (UV) detection at 318 nm was carried out on a C18 column, using a mixture of potassium dihydrogen phosphate buffer, acetonitrile, and methanol (55:15:30, v/v/v) as a mobile phase with a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min. The saliva samples (100 µl) were firstly deproteinized by precipitation with methanol (400 µl), after which they were centrifuged and the supernatants were directly injected into the HPLC system. This method produced linear responses in the concentration ranges of 25.2-5040.0, 23.9-4790.0, 25.4-5080.0, 25.0-5000.0 ng/ml with detection limits of 6.0, 17.6, 10.0 and 11.3 ng/ml for MEZ, TNZ, ONZ and MNZ (S/N=3), respectively. The methods were validated in terms of intra- and inter-batch precision (within 7.3% and 9.1%, respectively), accuracy, linearity, recovery and stability. The study proved that HPLC is both sensitive and selective for the simultaneous quantification of MEZ, TNZ, ONZ and MNZ in human saliva using a single mobile phase.