Association between gingivitis, tooth loss and cardiovascular risk: Insights from a 10-year nationwide cohort study of 3.7 million Koreans.

BACKGROUND: While studies have suggested an association between periodontal disease and an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, the strength of this association and its specific links to various types of cardiovascular disease have not been thoroughly investigated. This study aimed to examine how gingivitis and tooth loss affect cardiovascular diseases, probing their individual impacts. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was conducted, encompassing 3,779,490 individuals with no history of cardiovascular disease, utilizing data from the National Health Examination and the Korean National Health Insurance database from 2006 to 2019. Cox proportional hazards models were applied to estimate the association between tooth loss, gingivitis, and cardiovascular disease. RESULTS: Following a median follow-up of 10.38 years, 17,942 new cardiovascular disease cases were identified, comprising 10,224 cases of angina pectoris, 6,182 cases of acute myocardial infarction, and 9,536 cases of stroke. It was observed that the risk of stroke was significantly higher in the tooth loss group compared to the control group (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR]: 1.09, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.04-1.15). In the group with gingivitis and tooth loss, the risk of stroke and cardiovascular disease was significantly higher than in the control group (aHR: 1.12, 95% CI: 1.04-1.20; aHR: 1.08, 95% CI: 1.03-1.14). The gingivitis group exhibited a higher risk associated with stroke (aHR: 1.05, 95% CI: 1.01-1.10) among individuals aged 50 and above. However, statistically significant associations between periodontal disease and angina pectoris were not observed, nor between periodontal disease and acute myocardial infarction except among those aged above 50. Furthermore, the association between periodontal disease and cardiovascular disease was found to be stronger among individuals over the age of 50, males, those with obesity, and smokers compared to the control group. CONCLUSIONS: Our results emphasize the association of tooth loss and gingivitis with cardiovascular disease, specifically stroke, underlining the critical need for preventive oral healthcare. Tailored interventions are necessary to reduce the heightened risk of cardiovascular disease events, especially stroke, among older, obese individuals and smokers.

Association of tooth loss and gallstones: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2017-2018.

Introduction: Gallstones are one of the most common digestive diseases globally, with an estimated affected population of 15% in the United States. Our aim is to assess the current association between oral health and gallstones, exploring potential mediation factors. Methods: Self-reported gallstones were determined based on medical condition questionnaires. Dental status was assessed by dental professionals and oral health questionnaire. Mediation analysis was conducted for body mass index, blood glucose, triglycerides, and cholesterol, and the percentage of mediation effects was calculated. Results: We included 444 patients with gallstones and 3565 non-gallstone participants from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. After fully adjusting for all covariates, the prevalence of gallstones is higher when the number of missing teeth is at T3 compared to T1 (odds ratio [OR]: 1.93, confidence interval [CI]: 1.14 - 3.26, p = 0.02, p-trend = 0.01), and there was an inverted L-shaped association between missing teeth and gallstones, with an inflection point of 17. Bone loss around mouth was also associated with gallstones (OR: 1.78, 95% CI: 1.27 - 2.48, p = 0.002), but not root caries and gum disease. Mediation analysis identified blood glucose as a crucial mediator, with a mediation effect ratio of 4.91%. Conclusions: Appropriate lifestyle interventions for patients with missing teeth may help delay the onset of gallstones, such as healthy dietary habits, trace elements supplementing, and managing weight and blood sugar levels. Further exploration of the relationship between oral health and overall health contributes to disease prevention and comprehensive medical management.

Association between Number of Teeth and Eating out of Home: A 2019 Statistical Survey of the Japanese Representative Population.

Eating out of home (EOH), with its diverse food options, can benefit those with difficulty preparing their meals, especially older adults. Oral health status may be a determinant of EOH, as food accessibility is influenced by oral health, but this association remains unclear. This cross-sectional study used merged data from two national statistical surveys conducted in 2019. Participants were individuals aged ≥ 65 years who responded to both surveys. The frequency of EOH (

The association of composite dietary antioxidant index with periodontitis in NHANES 2009-2014.

Background: To date, evidence is rare regarding whether and how dietary antioxidants are associated with the risk of periodontitis. This study aimed to investigate the association of composite dietary antioxidant index (CDAI) with periodontitis and tooth loss, using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2009-2014). Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was conducted using data from 10,067 adults aged ≥30 years who underwent assessments of periodontal health and the 1st day dietary recall. Based on a crude model and three adjusted models, multivariate regressions were used to examine the relationship between CDAI and periodontitis-related measurements including probing pocket depth, clinical attachment loss and tooth loss. Subgroup analyses and the restricted cubic splines plots were applied to examine the association between CDAI ingredients and periodontitis. Results: For the subjects with high CDAI scores, increased CDAI was associated with significant (P < 0.05) reduction of severe periodontitis (odd ratio = 0.663, 95% confidence interval: 0.491-0.896) and increased number of remaining teeth (weighted ß[SE] = 1.167[0.211]). However, the protective effect of CDAI on periodontitis vanished (P > 0.05) in active smokers and former smokers. There were threshold levels for ß-carotene, Vitamin A, C and E intakes where the risk of periodontitis significantly decreased (P < 0.05) above these levels. Conclusion: Increased CDAI was associated with reduced risk of periodontitis and tooth loss for non-smokers. It was recommendable that proper dietary intakes of ß-carotene, Vitamin A, C and E would be of benefit for preventive dental care and adjuvant therapies for periodontitis.

Chronic kidney disease in postmenopausal women is associated with tooth loss.

OBJECTIVE: Menopause is characterized by changes in reproductive hormone levels that can negatively affect bone. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and tooth loss are also important and common health issues after menopause. This study aimed to evaluate the association between CKD and tooth loss in postmenopausal women. METHODS: The study evaluated 64,971 participants who participated in the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) from 2010-2018, including postmenopausal women, aged 40 to 79 years. Participants were divided into two groups based on the number of teeth in their dentition (≥20 and <20). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The association between CKD and tooth loss was analyzed using multivariate logistic regression. Age, income, education, smoking, alcohol intake, body mass index, hypertension, diabetes, annual oral examination, toothbrushing, and the use of oral care products were considered. Subgroup analyses were further conducted according to age (40-65 yr and 66-79 yr). RESULTS: After adjusting for covariates, CKD and estimated glomerular filtration rate were significantly associated with having ≥20 teeth (PT20; CKD: odds ratio [OR] 1.41, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.04-1.90; estimated glomerular filtration rate (10 mL/min/1.73 m 2 ): OR 0.90, 95% CI 0.86-0.94). Importantly, the association between CKD and PT20 was significant in postmenopausal women, aged 66 to 79 years (OR 1.45, 95% CI 1.05-2.01). CONCLUSIONS: In postmenopausal women, CKD and tooth loss may be associated. The association is significant in postmenopausal women, aged 66 to 79 years.

Association between posterior occlusal support and tooth loss in a population-based cohort: The OHSAKA study.

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to assess the association between posterior occlusal support (POS) and the risk of tooth loss in older adults aged ≥75 years. METHODS: This longitudinal study analyzed 94,422 participants who participated in multiple dental check-ups provided as part of the public healthcare services in Osaka, Japan, from 2018 to 2022. The participants were categorized into nine groups (A1-3, B1-4, and C1 and C2) according to their POS status using the Eichner index at baseline. The dental charts were compared between the initial and final assessments to assess tooth loss. Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the association between POS status and tooth loss, adjusted for several covariates, including age, sex, body mass index, periodontal status, oral hygiene, history of diabetes, history of hypertension, attendance at the annual dental check-up, and observational period. Furthermore, stratified logistic regression analyses were conducted using anterior or posterior tooth loss. RESULTS: After controlling for confounders, POS status was associated with tooth loss. The odds ratios (ORs) with A1 as the reference were 1.74 in A2, 2.55 in A3, 3.40 in B1, 4.74 in B2, 5.79 in B3, 6.00 in B4, 4.44 in C1, and 3.00 in C2, respectively. The ORs for anterior tooth loss were higher than those for posterior tooth loss, with the highest OR observed in B4 (21.4). CONCLUSIONS: This large population-based cohort study showed that a decreased POS was a risk indicator for tooth loss; furthermore, the risk increased even further in the anterior teeth region.

Association between cognitive rumination and periodontal disease, tooth loss and oral health-related quality of life in a rural Southern Brazil population.

OBJECTIVES: Rumination is a maladaptive emotion regulation strategy. It has been associated with several psychological disorders and physical problems. This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate whether cognitive rumination is associated with periodontal disease (PD), tooth loss (TL), and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A population-based sample from a rural area in southern Brazil was evaluated. Calibrated examiners carried out a complete periodontal examination at six sites-per-tooth. Rumination and Reflection (RRQ) and Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) questionnaires were administered. Regression modeling was used to assess the prevalence ratio (PR) between rumination and PD and to estimate the rate ratio (RR) between rumination and TL and rumination and OHIP. RESULTS: Severe periodontitis prevalence of 33% was observed in the sample. In the Poisson-adjusted model (n = 587), individuals who ruminate more have 27% more periodontal disease (PR: 1.27, 95%CI:1.02 - 1.60). Regarding TL and OHIP, negative binomial regression (n = 672) showed an association with rumination, but it was not significant (RR 1.14, 95%CI 0.99 - 1.31) and (RR 1.20, 95%CI 0.98 - 1.48), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Cognitive rumination was independently associated with periodontal disease in individuals living in a rural area. Borderline non-significant estimates were observed regarding TL and OHRQoL. More research using different populations and focusing on individual's responses to psychological stress may confirm these results. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Emotional regulation is crucial to deal with stress, anxiety, and depression. Since psychopathologies are among the most prevalent diseases in the world, it is critical to understand the role of these issues in dental outcomes.

Association between number of teeth, dental prostheses, and self-reported dysphagia in brazilian old people: a population-based study. / Associação entre número de dentes, próteses dentárias e disfagia autorreferida em idosos brasileiros: estudo populacional.

PURPOSE: To investigate the association between the number of permanent teeth and the use of removable dental prostheses with self-reported dysphagia occurrence in individuals aged 60 years or older. METHODS: A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted with 5,432 old individuals who participated in the baseline of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Elderly Health (ELSI-Brazil). The outcome "dysphagia" was associated with the number of permanent teeth and the use of removable dental prostheses. Sociodemographic independent variables (age, sex, and race/ethnicity) and clinical history variables (no morbidity, one morbidity, or more than two morbidities) were analyzed using Poisson Regression with robust variance and their respective 95% confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS: The prevalence of self-reported dysphagia in non-institutionalized old individuals was 30%. The group of old individuals with 10 - 19 natural teeth showed a 52% increased risk of self-reported dysphagia complaint (PRadj 1,565 IC95% 1,34;1,826) compared to their counterparts with more teeth. CONCLUSION: An association was found between a lower number of teeth and removable prostheses with the occurrence of dysphagia.

OBJETIVO: Verificar a associação entre o número de dentes e uso de prótese dentária removível e a ocorrência de disfagia autorreferida em idosos de 60 anos ou mais. MÉTODO: Estudo transversal de base populacional com 5.432 idosos, que participaram da linha de base do Estudo Longitudinal da Saúde do Idoso (ELSI-Brasil). O desfecho "disfagia" foi associado ao número de dentes permanentes e ao uso de prótese dentária removível. As variáveis independentes sociodemográficas (idade, sexo e cor/raça) e de histórico clínico (nenhuma morbidade, uma morbidade ou mais de duas morbidades) utilizando Regressão de Poisson com variância robusta e seus respectivos intervalos de confiança (IC) de 95% foram analisados. RESULTADOS: A prevalência de disfagia autorreferida nos idosos não institucionalizados foi de 30%. O grupo de idosos com 10 ­ 19 dentes permanentes apresentou um risco de 52% de queixa de disfagia autorreferida (RPaj 1,565 IC95% 1,34;1,826) se comparado com seus pares com mais dentes. CONCLUSÃO: foi encontrada associação entre o menor número de dentes e próteses removíveis com a ocorrência de disfagia.

Assessing the existence of the male-female health-survival paradox in the past: Dental caries in medieval London.

OBJECTIVES: This study seeks to identify signals of the male-female health-survival paradox in medieval London. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study uses skeletal data on age, sex, dental caries (n = 592) and antemortem tooth loss (n = 819) from adult individuals from medieval London cemeteries (c. 1200-1540 CE). The association between age and dental caries was assessed using binary logistic regression. The associations among age, time period (pre- vs. post-Black Death), oral biomarker (dental caries or antemortem tooth loss), and sex were tested using hierarchical log-linear analysis. RESULTS: The analyses reveal significantly higher odds of dental caries with increasing adult ages, more older adults after the Black Death, different age distributions of dental caries between the sexes, and a greater decrease in the prevalence of dental caries for females after the Black Death. These results appear not to be an artifact of trends in AMTL. However, this study does not yield evidence suggesting that females experienced both a survival advantage and a decline in oral health at late adult ages after the Black Death relative to males. CONCLUSIONS: These results do not provide evidence of the existence of a male-female health-survival paradox, but they do corroborate existing evidence of improvements in health in general in the aftermath of the Black Death. The decreased prevalence of dental caries after the Black Death may reflect dietary improvements or the effects of selective mortality during the epidemic.

Associations of remaining teeth number, periodontal disease, and occlusal support status with erectile dysfunction in community-dwelling men.

OBJECTIVES: Several systematic reviews and meta-analyses have reported positive relationships between erectile dysfunction (ED) and periodontal disease. However, no study has evaluated the relationships of occlusal support status and the number of remaining teeth with ED. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationships between ED and the remaining teeth number, periodontal disease, and occlusal support status. METHODS: This study included 400 community-dwelling men. Periodontal health status and occlusal support condition were evaluated using the Community Periodontal Index (CPI) and Eichner classification. Multivariable analyses were performed to evaluate the relationships between ED and the remaining teeth number, periodontal disease, and occlusal support status. RESULTS: The median age was 53 years. Of the 400 men, 333 (83%) were classified into ED group. In univariable analyses, remaining teeth number, CPI score, and Eichner classification were significantly associated with ED. In multivariable analyses, the remaining teeth number (odds ratio [OR]: 0.907, p = 0.114) and CPI score (OR: 0.978, p = 0.864) were not significantly associated with ED, whereas the Eichner classification was independently and significantly associated with ED (OR: 3.490, p = 0.042). CONCLUSIONS: Poor occlusal support status was significantly associated with ED in community-dwelling men, as opposed to remaining teeth number and periodontal health status.

Markers of periodontal disease and risk of stroke: INTERSTROKE case-control study.

BACKGROUND: Periodontal disease may be an important modifiable risk factor for stroke. AIMS: To determine the contribution of markers of periodontal disease to stroke risk globally, within subpopulations, and by stroke subtypes. METHODS: INTERSTROKE is the largest international case-control study of risk factors for first acute stroke. All participants were asked a standardised set of questions about the presence or absence of painful teeth, painful gums or lost teeth, as markers of periodontal disease, within the previous year. The total number of reported variables was calculated per participant. Multivariable conditional logistic regression examined the association of these variables with acute stroke. RESULTS: In 26901 participants, across 32 countries, there was a significant multivariable association between lost teeth and stroke (OR 1.11, 95 % CI 1.01 - 1.22), but not painful teeth (OR 1.00, 95 % CI 0.91-1.10) or painful gums (OR 1.01, 95 % CI 0.89 - 1.14). When these symptoms were considered together there was a graded increased odds of stroke, with the largest magnitude of association seen if a patient reported all three of painful teeth, painful gums and lost teeth (OR 1.34, 95 % CI 1.00 - 1.79). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that features of severe periodontal disease are a risk factor for acute stroke. Periodontal disease should be considered as a potentially modifiable risk factor for stroke.

Relationship between the number of lost teeth and the occurrence of depressive symptoms in middle-aged adults: a cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Many recent studies suggest the existence of a relationship between oral health and the occurrence of depressive symptoms. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between the number of lost teeth and the occurrence of depressive symptoms in middle-aged adults. METHODS: An analysis was performed on the data obtained from the PONS project (POlish-Norwegian Study), conducted in the Swietokrzyskie Province in Poland in 2010-2011. The research material included the cross-sectional data of 11,901 individuals aged 40-64 years (7967 women). Depressive symptoms, used as outcome variables, were assessed with a questionnaire. The participants provided the responses to questions concerning the occurrence of eight symptoms over the last 12 months. The answers were scored as 1 point or 0 points. The participants were divided into three tercile groups based on their total scores: no or mild (0-2 points), moderate (3-5 points), and severe depressive symptoms (6-8 points). The self-reported number of lost teeth was analysed according to the following categories: 0-4, 5-8, 9-27, and a complete lack of natural teeth. Multivariable logistic regression analysis for depressive symptoms was used in relation to the number of lost teeth. The following covariates were included in the adjusted model: age, sex, place of residence, education, marital status, BMI, diabetes status, stressful life events in the last year, use of antidepressants, smoking, and sugar and sweet consumption. RESULTS: The likelihood of both moderate (OR = 1.189; 95%CI: 1.028-1.376; p < .020) and severe (OR = 1.846; 95%CI: 1.488-2.290; p < .001) depressive symptoms showed the strongest relationship with a total lack of natural teeth. A loss of more than 8 natural teeth was also significantly associated (OR = 1.315; 95%CI: 1.075-1.609; p < .008) with the occurrence of severe depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: The loss of natural teeth was positively related to the occurrence of depressive symptoms in middle-aged adults. Thus, there is an urgent need to intensify stomatological prophylaxis, education and treatment for middle-aged individuals.

Validity of claims-based definition of number of remaining teeth in Japan: Results from the Longevity Improvement and Fair Evidence Study.

BACKGROUND: Secondary healthcare data use has been increasing in the dental research field. The validity of the number of remaining teeth assessed from Japanese dental claims data has been reported in several studies, but has not been tested in the general population in Japan. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the validity of the number of remaining teeth assessed from Japanese dental claims data and assess its predictability against subsequent health deterioration. METHODS: We used the claims data of residents of a municipality that implemented oral health screening programs. Using the number of teeth in the screening records as the reference standard, we assessed the validity of the claims-based number of teeth by calculating the mean differences. In addition, we assessed the association between the claims-based number of teeth and pneumococcal disease (PD) or Alzheimer's disease (AD) in adults aged ≥65 years using Cox proportional hazards analyses. RESULTS: Of the 10,154 participants, the mean number of teeth assessed from the claims data was 20.9, that in the screening records was 20.5, and their mean difference was 0.5. During the 3-year follow-up, PD or AD onset was observed in 10.4% (3,212/30,838) and 5.3% (1,589/30,207) of participants, respectively. Compared with participants with ≥20 teeth, those with 1-9 teeth had a 1.29 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.17-1.43) or 1.19 (95% CI: 1.04-1.36) times higher risk of developing PD or AD, respectively. CONCLUSION: High validity of the claims-based number of teeth was observed. In addition, the claims-based number of teeth was associated with the risk of PD and AD.

Tooth loss and depression in Chilean participants of the National Health Survey 2016-2017: Oral and social functions mediation analysis.

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have indicated the association between poor oral health and depression in adults. This study evaluated oral and social functions contribution to the association between tooth loss and depressive symptoms in Chilean individuals. METHODS: We used data from the Chilean National Health Survey. The number of remaining teeth (≤19 versus ≥20 teeth) and anterior tooth losses were the exposure variables. Outcome was depression, measured through a self-report question and with the Composite International Diagnostic Interview - Short Form (CIDI SF). Mediating variables were determined by five questions, including problems regarding "speaking", "pain and suffering", "eating", "daily activities", and "social relationships". We performed logistic regression models adjusted by multiple confounders variables. Finally, we calculated indirect, direct effect, total effect, and the proportion mediated (PM). RESULTS: We included 5383 participants. The self-reported depression and suspected depression prevalence were 22,1 % and 14,0 % respectively. The total effect of fewer remaining teeth (≤19) on self-reported depression was 1.21 (95 % CI 1.02-1.44), and 1.09 (95 % CI 0.90-1.33) for suspected depression. All five variables of oral and social functions significantly mediated the association between tooth loss and depression. Feeling uncomfortable when speaking or eating discomfort were the most significant mediators. LIMITATIONS: The mediation analysis should be interpreted with caution due to the cross-sectional design. CONCLUSIONS: Deterioration of oral and social functions was a significant mediator in the association between tooth loss and depression, in particular feeling uncomfortable when speaking or eating. This mechanism should be considered in interventions to improve mental health.

Findings from the 2019 nationally representative oral health survey for adults in Singapore.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to present key findings from the 2019 national adult oral health survey in Singapore (NAOHS). METHODS: A multi-stage stratified sampling method was used to recruit participants for a representative national adult oral health survey. A total of 12 212 households were randomly selected from the National Database on Dwellings in Singapore. Within each household eligible persons aged ≥65 years were automatically invited to participate while a Kish selection method was used to invite those between 21 and 64 years old. The survey comprised a face-to-face interview questionnaire and a clinical examination which recorded details of tooth loss, DMFT, DMFS and prevalence of periodontal disease according to the CPITN and the US CDC-AAP classifications. Weighted analysis was performed to adjust for oversampling, non-response and post-stratification. Multivariate regression with backward stepwise selection was carried out to identify predictors of chronic periodontal disease and untreated dental caries. RESULTS: Six hundred and sixty-three participants completed both the questionnaires and the clinical examination. The prevalence of edentulousness was 2.7%. Of participants, 34.8% presented with untreated dental caries with a higher proportion found in those who were aged ≥60 years, of Malay ethnicity, living in 1-2-room public housing and who only visited the dentist when there was a problem. Mean DMFS and DMFT indices were 24.7 and 7.9 respectively. Based on the CDC-AAP classification, the prevalence of moderate-severe chronic periodontitis was 56.9% and increased with age, with a higher proportion in males. Participants with untreated dental caries were more likely to have moderate or severe periodontal disease. CONCLUSIONS: Survey findings showed high prevalence of dental caries and periodontal disease, at 34.8% and 77.6% respectively. A clear socio-economic gradient in the distribution of tooth loss, untreated dental caries and moderate-to-severe periodontitis was observed.

Utilization of dental care and dentate status in diabetic and nondiabetic patients across US states: An analysis using the 2020 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System.

OBJECTIVE: This study examines the differences, by state, in dental care utilization and tooth retention between adults with and without diabetes mellitus (DM). METHODS: We conducted a secondary analysis of data from the 2020 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, an annual, state-based, random telephone survey of noninstitutionalized US civilian adults. The predictor variable was DM status. The outcome variables were time since the last dental appointment and tooth loss. We utilized multiple multinomial logistic regression models followed by postestimation procedures to determine state-level adjusted proportions for dental visits within the last year and complete teeth retention among DM and non-DM adults. RESULTS: Among adults with DM, 60.0% reported dentist visits within a year of survey participation, while 53.6% had complete tooth retention. As education and income levels increased, dental attendance and tooth retention increased among adults with DM. Most Southern states had a higher prevalence of DM, a lower proportion of dentist visits, and worse tooth retention among DM adults. Nationally, DM individuals were 4.3 percentage points less likely to visit a dentist and were 7 percent less likely to have complete teeth retention than non-DM adults. Compared with the national average, 25/50 states had greater disparities in dental visits between DM and non-DM adults, and 27/50 states had greater disparities in tooth loss between DM and non-DM adults. CONCLUSION: State-level variations indicate geographical and dental coverage influences on DM and dental outcomes. There is a need for state-specific interventions to improve dental access and outcomes for adults with DM.

Association of rotating night shift work with tooth loss and severe periodontitis among permanent employees in Japan: a cross-sectional study.

Background: The modern 24/7 society demands night shift work, which is a possible risk factor for chronic diseases. This study aimed to examine the associations of rotating night shift work duration with tooth loss and severe periodontitis. Methods: This cross-sectional study used data from a self-administered questionnaire survey conducted among 3,044 permanent employees aged 20-64 years through a Japanese web research company in 2023. The duration of rotating night shift work was assessed using a question from the Nurses' Health Study. Tooth loss was assessed based on self-reported remaining natural teeth count. Severe periodontitis was assessed using a validated screening questionnaire comprising four questions related to gum disease, loose tooth, bone loss, and bleeding gums. We employed linear regression models for tooth loss and Poisson regression models for severe periodontitis, adjusting for demographic, health and work-related variables and socioeconomic status. Results: Among participants included, 10.9% worked in rotating night shifts for 1-5 years, while 11.0% worked in such shifts for ≥6 years. In fully adjusted models, rotating night shift work duration of 1-5 years was associated with tooth loss (beta -0.74, 95% confidence interval (CI) [-1.55 to 0.08]) and severe periodontitis (prevalence ratio 1.80, 95% CI [1.33-2.43]); however, the association with tooth loss was not statistically significant. Conclusions: This study supports that employees who work short-term rotating night shifts may experience poor oral conditions. Further research is needed to determine whether long-term rotating night shift work is associated with deteriorated oral health.

Dental Loss in the Lower Socioeconomic Stratum of a Sample of the Chilean Population Born in the 19TH and 20TH Centuries / Pérdida Dental en el Estrato Socioeconómico Bajo de una Muestra de la Población Chilena Nacida en los Siglos XIX y XX

SUMMARY: Partial or total dental loss (edentulism) is associated with decreased quality of life. Chile has large socioeconomic gaps, which are also recognized in oral health, but it is not known how Edentulism has evolved throughout the country. The aim of this study was to determine the edentulism in people born during the 19th and 20th centuries in Chile, who died in the 20th century, and to compare it with current data from the Chilean Ministry of Health (MINSAL) to observe its evolution in the country. For this purpose, 60 3D models of skulls from the Subactual Osteological Collection of Santiago were analyzed (30 individuals per sex), in which the presence and absence of teeth in antemortem in the maxilla were analyzed. A high percentage of tooth loss was observed, with 65 % partial edentulism, a 30 % total edentulism, and only 5 % had complete dentition in this osteological collection. In addition, a significant decrease over time was found; in 2017, the percentage of complete dentition at the national level was 32.8 %. A higher frequency of edentulism was also found in females from the osteological collection, with a significant probability of twice as much edentulism as in males. However, this sex difference was smaller than those found in the current study. Our study is the first to compare edentulism in Chile in two different time periods, since, in addition to studying it in the 19th and 20th century, it is carried out with data from the present day and in line with previous research, reveals the importance of socioeconomic and sex variables for dental loss.

La pérdida parcial o total de dientes (edentulismo) se asocia a una disminución de la calidad de vida. Chile tiene grandes brechas socioeconómicas, que también se reconocen en la salud oral, pero se desconoce cómo ha evolucionado el edentulismo en el país. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar el edentulismo en personas nacidas durante los siglos XIX y XX en Chile y fallecidas en el siglo XX, y compararlo con datos actuales del Ministerio de Salud de Chile (MINSAL) para observar su evolución en el país. Para ello, se analizaron 60 modelos 3D de cráneos de la Colección Osteológica Subactual de Santiago (30 individuos por sexo), en los que se analizó la presencia y ausencia de dientes en dentición antemortem en el maxilar. Se observó un alto porcentaje de pérdida dentaria, con un 65 % de edentulismo parcial y un 30 % de edentulismo total, y sólo un 5 % presentaba dentición completa en esta colección osteológica. Además, se encontró una disminución significativa a lo largo del tiempo; en 2017, la dentición completa a nivel país fue del 32,8 %. También se encontró una mayor frecuencia de edentulismo en las mujeres de la colección osteológica, con una probabilidad significativa del doble de edentulismo que en los hombres. Sin embargo, esta diferencia de sexo fue menor que la hallada en datos actuales. Este estudio es el primero que compara el edentulismo en Chile en dos épocas diferentes, ya que además de estudiarlo en los siglos XIX y XX, se realizó con datos de la actualidad y, en línea con investigaciones previas, revela la importancia de las variables socioeconómicas y de sexo en la pérdida dental.

Estimation of Oral Disease Burden among Older Adults in LTC: A Scoping Review.

Oral health is an essential part of healthy aging and very little data exists around the disease burden for older adults in a long-term care setting. The aim of this scoping review was to estimate the disease burden of dental caries, periodontal disease, and tooth loss among older adults in Long-Term Care (LTC). This scoping review was conducted in accordance with the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology. A detailed strategy was used to conduct a comprehensive search of electronic databases: PubMed, Embase, and Dentistry and Oral Sciences Source (DOSS). The Rayyan AI platform was used to screen abstracts for assessment by one of five co-investigators. Results indicate that only one in three might have a functional dentition upon entry into LTC, and among those who are dentate, most might expect to develop at least one new coronal and one new root caries lesion each year. There is a need to better document the disease experiences of this group to tailor approaches to care that might reduce the avoidable suffering as a result of dental caries and periodontal disease.

Nutrition Status Plays a Partial Mediation Role in the Relationship between Number of Teeth and Frailty: A Cross-Sectional Multicenter Study.

INTRODUCTION: Although the relationship between the number of teeth and frailty has been extensively studied, the mediating role of nutrition status in the association between the number of teeth and frailty remains to be clarified. METHODS: A number of 6,664 participants lived in the communities of West China were analyzed in our study. Physical frailty was determined based on the phenotype established by Fried. Nutrition status was evaluated using the Mini Nutrition Assessment-Short Form (MNA-SF) scale. Multiple linear regression was employed to evaluate the direct relationships between the number of teeth, nutrition, and frailty. Mediation models and structural equation model (SEM) pathway analysis were used to test the mediating role of nutrition status in the relationship between the number of teeth and frailty. RESULTS: Among the 6,664 participants aged over 50 years old, the prevalence of frailty was 6.2%. Multiple linear regression analysis showed a significant total relationship between the number of teeth (ß = -0.359, 95% CI: -0.473 to -0.244, p < 0.001) and frailty. After adjusting for MNA-SF scores, the relationship between the number of teeth and frailty remained significant (ß = -0.327, 95% CI: -0.443 to -0.211, p < 0.001), indicating a partial mediating effect of nutrition. Mediation analysis verified that nutrition partially mediated the relationship between the number of teeth and frailty (indirect effect estimate = -0.0121, bootstrap 95% CI: -0.0151 to -0.0092; direct effect estimate = -0.0874, bootstrap 95% CI: -0.1086 to -0.0678) in the fully adjusted model. This mediating effect occurred through influencing weight loss, low level of physical activity, and debility. SEM framework pathway analysis confirmed the association between the number of teeth, nutrition, and frailty. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings demonstrated that frailty was correlated with the number of teeth and poorer nutritional status, with nutrition partially mediating the correlation between the number of teeth and frailty. Our results supported early nutritional evaluation and intervention in oral health to decrease the risk of frailty.