HIV-exposed uninfected compared with unexposed infants show the presence of leucocytes, lower lactoferrin levels and antimicrobial-resistant micro-organisms in the stool.
Paediatr Int Child Health
; 39(4): 249-258, 2019 11.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-30762489
ABSTRACT
Background:
HIV-exposed uninfected (HEU)-infants have been shown to be particularly vulnerable to infections. In this population, disturbance of the gut micro-environment might increase their susceptibility to enteric diseases and even favour the translocation of bacteria in the bloodstream.Methods:
The gastro-intestinal micro-environment was explored in 22 HEU infants and 16 HIV-unexposed (HU) infants aged 6-24 weeks. Faecal leucocytes, firmicutes (gram-positive bacteria) and gracilicutes (gram-negative bacteria) were assessed by cytology. Faecal lactoferrin and sIgA were measured by ELISA. The spectrum of micro-organisms in infants' stool was analysed by culturing.Results:
HEU infants were 14 times more likely to have leucocytes in their stool than HU infants (p < 0.005). The lactoferrin level was significantly lower in HEU infants than in HU infants (p = 0.02). Potentially pathogenic bacteria such as Escherichia coli were more prevalent in HEU than in HU infants (64% vs 23.5%). Also, E. coli strains resistant to key antibiotics including co-trimoxazole, ß-lactam (cephalosporins included) and tetraclines were observed in some HEU infants.Conclusion:
HEU infants are more likely to present an inflamed digestive tract as highlighted by the presence of leucocytes. In addition, there is a real risk of colonisation of HEU infants' microbiota by resistant micro-organisms.Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Base de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Bacterias
/
Farmacorresistencia Microbiana
/
Exposición Materna
/
Heces
/
Lactoferrina
/
Leucocitos
Tipo de estudio:
Observational_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Paediatr Int Child Health
Año:
2019
Tipo del documento:
Article