Response and Adherence of Nursing Home Residents to a Nutrition/Exercise Intervention.
J Am Med Dir Assoc
; 22(9): 1939-1945.e3, 2021 09.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-33961812
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES:
Interindividual response variability to nutrition and exercise interventions is extensive in older adults. A group of nursing home (NH) residents participated in a combined intervention. The objective of this post-hoc analysis was to identify factors associated with intervention response measured by change in physical function and body composition.DESIGN:
Post-hoc analyses in the Older Person's Exercise and Nutrition study, a 2-arm randomized trial. The primary outcomes were 30-second Chair Stand Test and composite scores combining physical function and fat-free mass. A secondary outcome was intervention adherence. A 12-week intervention of sit-to-stand exercises and protein-rich nutritional supplements did not improve chair-stand capacity vs control on intention-to-treat basis. SETTING ANDPARTICIPANTS:
Residents ≥75 years of age from dementia and somatic units in eight NHs in Sweden.METHODS:
Logistic regressions were performed to define factors associated with response (maintenance/improvement) or nonresponse (deterioration) in 30-second Chair Stand Test, and with intervention adherence. Linear regressions were performed to explore factors associated with response in composite scores.RESULTS:
Mean age of participants (n = 52 intervention, n = 49 control) was 85.8 years. Sarcopenia was occurring in 74%. Sarcopenia at baseline (P = .005) and high adherence to nutritional supplements (P = .002) increased the odds of response. Higher independence in daily activities increased the odds of adherence to sit-to-stand exercises (P = .027) and the combined intervention (P = .020). Allocation to the intervention group and higher self-perceived health were associated with higher composite scores. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS NH residents with baseline sarcopenia, better self-perceived health, and high adherence to nutritional supplements benefitted most from a combined nutrition and exercise intervention regarding chair-stand capacity and composite scores of function and fat-free mass. Adherence was related to higher grade of independence. Understanding factors associated with response and adherence to an intervention will help target susceptible residents in most need of support and to optimize the outcome.Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Base de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Ejercicio Físico
/
Sarcopenia
Tipo de estudio:
Clinical_trials
/
Prognostic_studies
Idioma:
En
Revista:
J Am Med Dir Assoc
Asunto de la revista:
HISTORIA DA MEDICINA
/
MEDICINA
Año:
2021
Tipo del documento:
Article