New metabolites from Streptomyces pseudovenezuelae NA07424 and their potential activity of inducing resistance in plants against Phytophthora capsici.

BACKGROUND: The lack of novel fungicide and appearance of resistance are the most emergent problems in the control of Phytophthora diseases. Plant immunity elicitors that induce systemic resistance in plants are regarded as the new strategy for plant disease control. Streptomyces can produce a variety of bioactive natural products, which are important resources for lead compounds of plant immunity elicitors. RESULTS: A novel peptidendrocin C (1) together with the known analog peptidendrocin B (2) were isolated from Streptomyces pseudovenezuelae NA07424. Their structures were confirmed by spectroscopic data and Marfey's reaction. In bioactive assays, compound 1 played an important role in inducing systemic resistance of Nicotiana benthamiana against Phytophthora capsici growth, with a 90.5% inhibition ratio at 400 µg/mL, while compound 2 showed moderate activity, inhibiting P. capsici growth by a 50.8% decrease at 400 µg/mL. Simultaneously, two compounds promoted enhanced expression of the PR1 gene and callose accumulation in N. benthamiana and Arabidopsis thaliana. In this paper, we also provide the first insights into their biosynthesis by confirming their biosynthesis gene cluster and related functional genes. CONCLUSION: Our findings show that 1 and 2 have the potential to be used as lead compounds for development of new plant immunity elicitors to control Phytophthora diseases. The study of the biosynthesis pathway lays the groundwork for further application of the bioactive natural products. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.