Standardizing lymphangiography and lymphatic interventions: a preclinical in vivo approach with detailed procedural steps.
CVIR Endovasc
; 6(1): 21, 2023 Mar 30.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-36995443
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE:
To present a preclinical in vivo approach for standardization and training of lymphangiography and lymphatic interventions using a pictorial review. MATERIALS ANDMETHODS:
Different lipiodol- and gadolinium-based lymphangiography and lymphatic interventions were performed in twelve (12) landrace pigs with a mean bodyweight of 34 ± 2 kg using various imaging and guiding modalities, similar to the procedures used in humans. The techniques used were explicitly introduced and illustrated. The potential applications of each technique in preclinical training were also discussed.RESULTS:
By applying visual, ultrasonography, fluoroscopy, CT, cone-beam CT, and/or MRI examination or guidance, a total of eleven techniques were successfully implemented in twelve pigs. The presented techniques include inguinal postoperative lymphatic leakage (PLL) establishment, interstitial dye test, five types of lymphangiography [incl. lipiodol-based translymphatic lymphangiography (TL), lipiodol-based percutaneous intranodal lymphangiography (INL), lipiodol-based laparotomic INL, lipiodol-based interstitial lymphangiography, and interstitial magnetic resonance lymphangiography (MRL)], and four types of percutaneous interventions in the treatment of PLL [incl. thoracic duct embolization (TDE), intranodal embolization (INE), afferent lymphatic vessel sclerotherapy (ALVS), and afferent lymphatic vessel embolization (ALVE)].CONCLUSION:
This study provides a valuable resource for inexperienced interventional radiologists to undergo the preclinical training in lymphangiography and lymphatic interventions using healthy pig models.
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MEDLINE
Tipo de estudio:
Guideline
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En
Revista:
CVIR Endovasc
Año:
2023
Tipo del documento:
Article