[Effect of a 12-week concurrent planification exercise program in overweight and obese children and adolescents]. / Efectos de una planificación de ejercicio concurrente de 12 semanas en niños, niñas y adolescentes con sobrepeso y obesidad.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To determine the changes in a planned concurrent exercise protocol in overweight and obese children and adolescents who attend a cardiometabolic rehabilitation program at the Dr. Exequiel González Cortés hospital. PATIENTS AND METHOD: 32 patients were divided into two groups, the intervention group (INT) (n = 22; age 12.9 ± 2.7), and the control group (CON) (n = 10; age 12.6 ± 2.5). The INT performed 12 weeks of periodized concurrent training protocol, those who voluntarily left the program made up the CON. The measurements were made on three consecutive days; day 1 pre-participation cardiovascular evaluation and anthropometry, day 2 aerobic capacity and muscle function, and day 3 lipid profile and glycemic control. RESULTS: The INT presented a decrease in the body mass index (BMI) (-0.77 ± 1.02 kilogram/meter2; P=0.001), BMI z-score (-0.14 ± 0.20 Standard Deviation; P=0.002), waist circumference (-5.48 ± 6.42 centimeters; P = 0.0004), and waist to height ratio (-0.04 ± 0.04; P < 0.0001). Maximal oxygen consumption (2.24 ± 2.15 milliliters/kilogram/ minutes; P < 0.0001) and walked distance (104.55 ± 119.35 meters; P < 0.0001) improved in the INT. The push-ups 6.00 repetitions interquartile range (IQR) (4.00 - 11.00; P = 0.0001), standing broad jump 16.00 centimeters IQR (8.00 - 21.25; P = 0.004), and prone plank 56,00 seconds IQR (38.00 - 73.00; P < 0.0001), improved in the INT, in addition to presenting a decrease in total cholesterol -11.00 milligram/deciliters IQR (-18.50 - 3.50; P = 0.02). Glycemic control did not change between both groups. CONCLUSIONS: A 12-week planned concurrent exercise protocol of twelve weeks is effective to improve anthropometry, aerobic capacity, muscle function, and total cholesterol in overweight and obese children and adolescents.