Comparison of HIV prevalence, incidence, and viral load suppression in Zambia population-based HIV impact assessments from 2016 and 2021.
AIDS
; 38(6): 895-905, 2024 05 01.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38227572
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
The Zambian government has implemented a public health response to control the HIV epidemic in the country. Zambia conducted a population-based HIV impact assessment (ZAMPHIA) survey in 2021 to assess the status of the HIV epidemic to guide its public health programs.METHODS:
ZAMPHIA 2021 was a cross-sectional two-stage cluster sample household survey among persons aged ≥15âyears conducted in Zambia across all 10 provinces. Consenting participants were administered a standardized questionnaire and whole blood was tested for HIV according to national guidelines. HIV-1 viral load (VL), recent HIV infection, and antiretroviral medications were tested for in HIV-seropositive samples. Viral load suppression (VLS) was defined as <1000âcopies/ml. ZAMPHIA 2021 results were compared to ZAMPHIA 2016 for persons aged 15-59âyears (i.e., the overlapping age ranges). All estimates were weighted to account for nonresponse and survey design.RESULTS:
During ZAMPHIA 2021, of 25 483 eligible persons aged ≥15âyears, 18 804 (73.8%) were interviewed and tested for HIV. HIV prevalence was 11.0% and VLS prevalence was 86.2% overall, but was <80% among people living with HIV aged 15-24âyears and in certain provinces. Among persons aged 15-59âyears, from 2016 to 2021, HIV incidence declined from 0.6% to 0.3% ( P -value 0.07) and VLS prevalence increased from 59.2% to 85.7% ( P -value <0.01).DISCUSSION:
Zambia has made substantial progress toward controlling the HIV epidemic from 2016 to 2021. Continued implementation of a test-and-treat strategy, with attention to groups with lower VLS in the ZAMPHIA 2021, could support reductions in HIV incidence and improve overall VLS in Zambia.
Texto completo:
1
Base de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Infecciones por VIH
Tipo de estudio:
Incidence_studies
/
Prevalence_studies
/
Qualitative_research
/
Risk_factors_studies
País/Región como asunto:
Africa
Idioma:
En
Revista:
AIDS
/
AIDS (Lond.)
/
AIDS (London, England)
Asunto de la revista:
SINDROME DA IMUNODEFICIENCIA ADQUIRIDA (AIDS)
Año:
2024
Tipo del documento:
Article