Chronic HIV-1 Tat action induces HLA-DR downregulation in B cells: A mechanism for lymphoma immune escape in people living with HIV.
J Med Virol
; 96(2): e29423, 2024 Feb.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38285479
ABSTRACT
Despite the success of combination antiretroviral therapy, people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) still have an increased risk of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated B cell malignancies. In the HIV setting, B cell physiology is altered by coexistence with HIV-infected cells and the chronic action of secreted viral proteins, for example, HIV-1 Tat that, once released, efficiently penetrates noninfected cells. We modeled the chronic action of HIV-1 Tat on B cells by ectopically expressing Tat or TatC22G mutant in two lymphoblastoid B cell lines. The RNA-sequencing analysis revealed that Tat deregulated the expression of hundreds of genes in B cells, including the downregulation of a subset of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II-related genes. Tat-induced downregulation of HLA-DRB1 and HLA-DRB5 genes led to a decrease in HLA-DR surface expression; this effect was reproduced by coculturing B cells with Tat-expressing T cells. Chronic Tat presence decreased the NF-á´B pathway activity in B cells; this downregulated NF-á´B-dependent transcriptional targets, including MHC class II genes. Notably, HLA-DRB1 and surface HLA-DR expression was also decreased in B cells from people with HIV. Tat-induced HLA-DR downregulation in B cells impaired EBV-specific CD4+ T cell response, which contributed to the escape from immune surveillance and could eventually promote B cell lymphomagenesis in people with HIV.
Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Base de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Linfocitos B
/
Infecciones por VIH
/
Infecciones por Virus de Epstein-Barr
/
Productos del Gen tat del Virus de la Inmunodeficiencia Humana
/
Linfoma
Tipo de estudio:
Prognostic_studies
Idioma:
En
Revista:
J Med Virol
Año:
2024
Tipo del documento:
Article