Role of the mitophagy-apoptosis axis in the pathogenesis of polycystic ovarian syndrome.
J Obstet Gynaecol Res
; 50(5): 775-792, 2024 May.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38417972
ABSTRACT
AIM:
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder characterized by menstrual irregularities, androgen excess, and polycystic ovarian morphology, but its pathogenesis remains largely unknown. This review focuses on how androgen excess influences the molecular basis of energy metabolism, mitochondrial function, and mitophagy in granulosa cells and oocytes, summarizes our current understanding of the pathogenesis of PCOS, and discuss perspectives on future research directions.METHODS:
A search of PubMed and Google Scholar databases were used to identify relevant studies for this narrative literature review.RESULTS:
Female offspring born of pregnant animals exposed to androgens recapitulates the PCOS phenotype. Abnormal mitochondrial morphology, altered expression of genes related to glycolysis, mitochondrial biogenesis, fission/fusion dynamics, and mitophagy have been identified in PCOS patients and androgenic animal models. Androgen excess causes uncoupling of the electron transport chain and depletion of the cellular adenosine 5'-triphosphate pool, indicating further impairment of mitochondrial function. A shift toward mitochondrial fission restores mitochondrial quality control mechanisms. However, prolonged mitochondrial fission disrupts autophagy/mitophagy induction due to loss of compensatory reserve for mitochondrial biogenesis. Disruption of compensatory mechanisms that mediate the quality control switch from mitophagy to apoptosis may cause a disease phenotype. Furthermore, genetic predisposition, altered expression of genes related to glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation, or a combination of these factors may also contribute to the development of PCOS.CONCLUSION:
In conclusion, fetuses exposed to a hyperandrogenemic intrauterine environment may cause the PCOS phenotype possibly through disruption of the compensatory regulation of the mitophagy-apoptosis axis.Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Base de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Síndrome del Ovario Poliquístico
/
Apoptosis
/
Mitofagia
Idioma:
En
Revista:
J Obstet Gynaecol Res
Asunto de la revista:
GINECOLOGIA
/
OBSTETRICIA
Año:
2024
Tipo del documento:
Article