The helminth-derived peptide, FhHDM-1, reverses the trained phenotype of NOD bone-marrow-derived macrophages and regulates proinflammatory responses.

ABSTRACT

We implicate a phenotype of trained immunity in bone-marrow-derived macrophages in the onset and progression of type 1 diabetes in nonobese diabetic mice. Treatment with FhHDM-1 reversed immune training, reducing histone methylation and glycolysis, and decreasing proinflammatory cytokine production to the same level as macrophages from nondiabetic immune-competent BALB/c mice.