Progress in Access and Oral Polio Vaccine Coverage Among Children Aged <5 Years in Polio Campaigns After the Political Change in Afghanistan.
J Infect Dis
; 2024 Apr 10.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38597896
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Warfare has long impeded vaccination programs in polio-endemic Afghanistan. We aimed to describe progress in access to children under 5, oral polio vaccine (OPV) coverage among children under 5 in nationwide polio campaigns, and polio surveillance performance indicators after the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan collapsed to Taliban forces in August 2021.METHODS:
Trends in the number of wild poliovirus type 1 (WPV1) and circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus type 2 (cVDPV2) cases and surveillance indicators from 2015 to 2023, and trends in the OPV coverage in the November 2020-June 2022 polio campaigns, were described.RESULTS:
From 2015 to mid-July 2020, 74 of 126 (58.7%) WPV1 cases were reported from inaccessible areas. In November 2020, 34.1% of target children under 5 were inaccessible; in November 2021 (the first postchange polio campaign), all were accessible. From November 2020, under-5 OPV coverage of 69.9% rose steadily to 99.9% in the May 2022 campaign. The number of cVDPV cases fell from 308 (2020) to zero (2022). June 2022's house-to-house OPV coverage was 34.2% higher than non-house-to-house modalities. Nonpolio acute flaccid paralysis and stool adequacy rates rose from 18.5/100 000 and 92.6% in 2020 to 24.3/100 000 and 94.4% in 2022, respectively.CONCLUSIONS:
Children's inaccessibility no longer vitiates polio eradication; polio surveillance systems are less likely to miss any poliovirus circulation.
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Base de datos:
MEDLINE
Idioma:
En
Revista:
J Infect Dis
/
J. infect. dis
/
Journal of infectious diseases
Año:
2024
Tipo del documento:
Article