Microbial influences on severity and sex bias of systemic autoimmunity.
Immunol Rev
; 325(1): 64-76, 2024 Aug.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38716867
ABSTRACT
Commensal microbes have the capacity to affect development and severity of autoimmune diseases. Germ-free (GF) animals have proven to be a fine tool to obtain definitive answers to the queries about the microbial role in these diseases. Moreover, GF and gnotobiotic animals can be used to dissect the complex symptoms and determine which are regulated (enhanced or attenuated) by microbes. These include disease manifestations that are sex biased. Here, we review comparative analyses conducted between GF and Specific-Pathogen Free (SPF) mouse models of autoimmunity. We present data from the B6;NZM-Sle1NZM2410/AegSle2NZM2410/AegSle3NZM2410/Aeg-/LmoJ (B6.NZM) mouse model of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) characterized by multiple measurable features. We compared the severity and sex bias of SPF, GF, and ex-GF mice and found variability in the severity and sex bias of some manifestations. Colonization of GF mice with the microbiotas taken from B6.NZM mice housed in two independent institutions variably affected severity and sexual dimorphism of different parameters. Thus, microbes regulate both the severity and sexual dimorphism of select SLE traits. The sensitivity of particular trait to microbial influence can be used to further dissect the mechanisms driving the disease. Our results demonstrate the complexity of the problem and open avenues for further investigations.
Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Base de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Autoinmunidad
/
Modelos Animales de Enfermedad
/
Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Immunol Rev
Año:
2024
Tipo del documento:
Article