Urgent Need to Understand and Prevent Gonococcal Infection: From the Laboratory to Real-World Context.
J Infect Dis
; 230(4): e758-e767, 2024 Oct 16.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38819303
ABSTRACT
Neisseria gonorrhoeae is widespread globally. Primary prevention is unsuccessful and antimicrobial resistance threatens optimal management. There is no specific vaccine and natural infection studies show that N gonorrhoeae can avoid and suppress immune responses. In addition to extensive variation in expression and specificity of many gonococcal surface antigens, it induces a robust inflammatory response through the Th17 pathway with a large influx of neutrophils and inflammatory cytokines but evades macrophages. The Th1- and Th2-mediated response is suppressed, resulting in low, short-lived antibody titers. Real-world evidence suggests that gonorrhea cases are reduced among recipients of Neisseria meningitidis group B vaccines containing outer membrane vesicles (OMVs). Although the first randomized trial of an OMV-containing MenB vaccine against N gonorrhoeae infection did not show statistically significant vaccine efficacy, ongoing trials might shed further light. Several candidate vaccine antigens for a gonococcal-specific vaccine are being evaluated preclinically but only one has reached clinical trials.
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Base de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Gonorrea
/
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Idioma:
En
Revista:
J Infect Dis
Año:
2024
Tipo del documento:
Article