Assessment of awake bruxism and oral mucosa indentation in adolescents.

BACKGROUND: Oral mucosa indentations can be signs of awake bruxism (AB) in adults, but this association has not yet been verified in adolescents. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the frequency of AB in adolescents and determine whether there is an association between AB and oral mucosa indentation. METHODS: This study enrolled 66 high school students, mean age of 16.9 (±0.54) years. Clinical inspection was performed to assess the presence or absence of tongue, cheek and lip mucosa indentation. AB was assessed by the Ecological Momentary Assessment method using the WhatsApp mobile app. Messages were sent 15 times a day, 7 days, between 8:00 AM and 7:00 PM at random times to choose one of the five oral behaviours: teeth contact, teeth clenching, teeth grinding, mandible bracing and relaxed jaw muscles. The non-parametric Mann-Whitney U-test for independent samples, Friedman test for paired samples, Friedman pairwise multiple comparisons non-parametric test, Pearson's chi-squared tests, and z-test of comparisons between two proportions were performed (p < .05). RESULTS: During the week the frequency of AB behaviours was 56.20%, teeth contact was the most frequent (37.68% ± 22.26%), significantly more frequent than other AB behaviours; there was a greater frequency of cheek indentation (27.27%) and no difference between genders in oral behaviours and indentations (p > .05). A higher frequency of AB behaviours was observed in individuals with a greater frequency of cheek indentation (p < .05). CONCLUSIONS: Teeth contact and cheek indentation were the most frequent conditions among adolescents and AB behaviours are associated with this indentation.

Fresh-frozen bone allografts in maxillary ridge augmentation: histologic analysis.

Bone allograft has become an alternative to autogenous bone due to its decreased operative trauma and the almost unlimited supply of reconstructive material. The aim of the present study was to histologically evaluate the suitability of fresh-frozen bone graft (test group) used in maxillary ridge augmentation, comparing it to autogenous bone (native maxilla: control group). During the re-entry procedures, 9 months after the fresh-frozen allogeneic bone blocks were placed in the atrophic maxillary ridges, bone cores were removed with a trephine bur from test and control treatments in the same patient. Routine histologic processing using hematoxylin and eosin and Picrosirius staining was performed. Mature and immature collagen area and density analysis were carried out for both groups under polarization. The results of Student's t test for paired samples (P > .05) showed no statistically significant difference in mature and immature collagen area or density percentage between test and control groups. Histologically similar bone formation patterns were observed in both groups. We concluded that fresh-frozen bone allograft is a biologically acceptable alternative for augmentation of the deficient alveolar ridge, showing a similar collagen pattern to that of autogenous bone.

Evaluation of the bone anatomy of the anterior region of the mandible using cone beam computed tomography / Avaliação da anatomia da região anterior da mandíbula por meio de tomografia de feixe cônico

Background: Hemorrhages, mouth floor edema and tongue elevation are complications related to surgical procedures in the anterior region of the mandible. Objective: The objectives of this study were to evaluate the presence and location of the lingual foramen in the anterior region of the mandible and to evaluate mandibular morphology using cone beam computerized tomography (CBCT). Material and method: The mandible's morphology and the location, diameter and height of the lingual foramina were analyzed using the midline and the mental foramen as references, in 278 CBCT. Result: 88% of the sample had a midline lingual foramen, totaling 408 foramina, with a mean diameter of 0.93 mm. Foramina in the lingual region between the midline and mental foramina were detected in 75% of the sample, with a mean diameter of 0.807 mm. There was no positive correlation between the presence of lingual foramina in the lateral or in the midline regions (r = -0.149; p = 0.013). In the midline region, the type I mandibular shape was predominant (96%), and type III was predominant in the lateral regions. Conclusion: Considering the prevalence of these structures and their clinical relevance in potential surgical complications, it is important to carefully analyze the anterior region of the mandible during surgical planning.

Introdução: Hemorragias, edema no assoalho bucal e elevação da língua são complicações relacionadas a procedimentos cirúrgicos na região anterior da mandíbula. Objetivo: Os objetivos deste estudo foram avaliar a presença e localização do forame lingual na região anterior da mandíbula e avaliar a morfologia mandibular utilizando tomografia computadorizada com feixe de cone (CBCT). Material e método: A morfologia da mandíbula e a localização, diâmetro e altura do forame lingual foram analisados utilizando a medula e o forame mental como referências em 278 CBCT. Resultado: 88% da amostra tinha um forame lingual da linha média, totalizando 408 forames, com um diâmetro médio de 0,93 mm. Na região lingual entre a linha média e forames mentais foram detectados em 75% da amostra, com um diâmetro médio de 0,807 mm. Não houve correlação positiva entre a presença de forames lingual nas regiões lateral ou na região média (r = -0,149; p = 0,013). Na região da linha média, a forma mandibular do tipo I era predominante (96%) e o tipo III predominava nas regiões laterais. Conclusão: Considerando a prevalência dessas estruturas e sua relevância clínica em possíveis complicações cirúrgicas, é importante analisar cuidadosamente a região anterior da mandíbula durante o planejamento cirúrgico.

Avaliação da efetividade do laser de baixa potência na redução da dor pós-operatória em cirurgia de terceiros molares inferiores inclusos / Evaluation of the effectiveness of low power laser in reducing postoperative pain in surgery of mandibular third molar

Avaliar a efetividade do laser de baixa intensidade (LLLT) no controle da dor pós-operatória em cirurgia de terceiros molares inferiores inclusos, comparando-o com o lado oposto, que não foi exposto ao LLLT, no mesmo indivíduo.Metodologia: participaram do estudo 16 indivíduos, que apresentaram os dentes 38 e 48 inclusos, em posição similar, e que realizaram a remoção dos dentes no mesmo tempo cirúrgico. O laser foi aplicado imediatamente após a remoção do 48 (lado direito - LD), intra-alvéolo, de forma pontual e sobre a região da sutura, em varredura. O mesmo procedimento foi realizado no 38 (lado esquerdo - LE), com o aparelho desligado garantindo o desconhecimento do paciente sobre qual lado recebeu o laser. Todos foram medicados e orientados quanto aos cuidados pós-operatórios e receberam as escalas visuais análogas (VAS) que variavam de 0-10 cm, anotando a ausência ou presença da dor durante 5 dias do lado direito e esquerdo. Os dados foram tabulados e submetidos ao teste de Wilcoxon (p<0,05) comparando-se as médias da VAS de 1 a 5 dias. Resultados: no 3° dia LD e LE, houve diferença estatística significante (p= 0,0284) e do LD a dor foi menor. No 1° e 5° dia houve redução da dor em ambos os lados (LD:p=0,007; LE:p=0,001).Conclusão: dentro dos limites do presente estudo o laser de baixa intensidade mostrou efetividade no controle da dor pós-operatória...

The purpose of the present study was to analyze the effectiveness of LLLT in pain control after impacted third molar removal, comparing it with the opposite side, note exposed to LLLT in the same patient.Methodology: 16 patients who presented both impacted lower third molar in similar position and accepted to remove them in the same operative time were select to this study. LLLT was used immediately after lower right third molar (R3M), intra-socket and after wound closure. The same procedure was done in the opposite side (L3M) but this time the LLLT was not turned on, warrating thus the patient didn´t no which side had received the irradiation. All patients received visual analogue scale (VAS), where they were instructed to write down the presence or absence of pain in the first five postoperative days. Statistical analysis comprised Wilcoxon test (p<0.05), comparing the VAS average data in the first to the fifth postoperative day.Results: the third postoperative day resulted in a statistically significant (p=0.0284) reduction of pain. In the first and fifth day there was pain reduction in both sides (R3m: p=0.0071; L3M: p=0.0010).Conclusion: within the limits of this study LLLT was effective in postoperative pain control...