[Digestive pathology and oral condition in the rural populations of the Ferlo in Senegal]. / Pathologie digestive et état bucco-dentaire chez les populations rurales du Ferlo au Sénégal.

UNLABELLED: The aim of this work was to study the association between dental and periodontal status and digestive pathology in the Ferlo populations in Senegal. METHOD: This was a cross sectional study involving 300 people living in the area of the Ferlo in the Centre East of Senegal. Selected individuals must be over the age of 15 years and resided in the area. Cluster sampling helped recruit individuals. Collected information related to digestive pathology (yes or no), periodontal status (plate index, inflammation, bleeding, loss of attachment, the depth of pocket and the CPITN.) Dental status was evaluated by the DMFT. The data analyzed with software R and the Student's t test used to compare the averages of the indices in both groups at the threshold of 5%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to isolate the final model with a threshold of 5%. RESULTS: Averages of dental and periodontal index were broadly equal in both groups (sick and not sick). The DMF and missing teeth were significantly associated with the digestive pathology after adjustment on gender, age, BMI, marital status, the number of cigarettes smoked and the depth of pocket. CONCLUSION: This study revealed a significant association between dental status and digestive pathology. The comprehensive care of patients therefore raises the interest of collaboration between surgeons, dentists and gastroenterologists for effective and adequate treatment.

[Access to health care in Dakar (Senegal): frequency, type of provider, and non-communicable chronic diseases]. / Accès aux soins à Dakar (Sénégal): fréquence, type de soignants et maladies chroniques non transmissibles.

OBJECTIVES: (1) To describe access to health care in the population of Dakar; (2) to analyze the influence of socioeconomic and demographic characteristics on access to health care; (3) and to describe the fraction of consultations accounted for by chronic non-communicable diseases. METHODS: These data come from a 2009 survey of 600 individuals aged 20 years and over. Socioeconomic and demographic characteristics and information about access to health care were collected. Chi-square tests and binary logistic regressions were used for the statistical analyses. RESULTS: Men, people with no schooling, and poor people were underrepresented among users of health care services. Moreover, the majority of Dakar residents who sought health care during the year preceding the survey went to see a doctor (as opposed to a traditional healer, pharmacist, nurse, midwife, or dentist). Finally, chronic diseases accounted for the smallest fraction of reasons for medical consultations; they were mentioned most often by those aged 50 years or older who consult more than 5 times a year. CONCLUSIONS: Dakar residents have an access to health care similar to that of people in other African countries, but this conclusion hides major inequalities. Moreover, at the same time that Senegal is undergoing an epidemiological transition, chronic non-communicable diseases are not a major reason for consultations. The epidemiological projections made for Africa for the next 15 years indicate that the development of strategies to avert the development of these diseases in Senegal must be a priority objective.

[Lifestyles and oral health in Fulani populations of Ferlo in Senegal]. / Modes de vie et santé buccodentaire chez les populations peuhls du Ferlo au Sénégal.

BACKGROUND: The population of Ferlo consists mainly of Fulani, whose lifestyle is characterized by nomadism and cattle breeding. The aim of this work was to study their dietary, living, and hygiene habits and their oral health. METHODOLOGY: This cross-sectional study included 300 individuals living in Tessekere and Widou Thiengoli, in the heart of the Great Green Wall of Senegal. These individuals were selected by cluster sampling and had lived in the area for over fifteen years. The 1997 WHO questionnaire was used to collect data from interviews and clinical observations. Information was collected specifically about eating habits, lifestyle and hygiene, dental caries (DMF) and periodontal treatment needs (CPITN). The coefficients of determination and correlation were used to explain and identify significant associations (defined by a p-value <0.05). RESULTS: Milk was consumed by 96% of the population and tea by 90%;47% of the population smoked more than half a pack of tobacco a day, 11% drank "boulfalé" (Cologne water of 45°), and 88.6% used toothpicks for dental hygiene. Tooth cleaning frequency was negatively correlated with the DMF index and CPITN, and consumption of milk, fruit and cigarettes were positively correlated with the CPITN. CONCLUSION: Dietary factors, smoking and hygiene appear to influence the oral health of populations in Ferlo. Prevention programs should be established, focusing on simple information to induce behavioral change.

[Determining factors in the wearing of a removable prosthesis: the role of familial example. Prosthetic risk: the influence of parental behavior]. / Facteurs déterminant le port d'une prothèse amovible: rôle particulier de l'exemple familial. Risque prothétique: l'influence du comportement parental.

The aim of the present study was to provide a fuller clarification of the influence of sociocultural and socioeconomic data on the bucco-dental ageing. In Particular, was suspected, the influence of the parental behavior towards the wearing of their own prostheses in the wearing of removable prostheses among the descendants. The study was led in a dental service (CHU of Marseille) on 260 from 50 to 70 years old persons. Variables in the study were mainly basic sociocultural and socioeconomic variables (sex, age, educational level and social-professional groups...); the dental morbidity (DMF); the periodontal state (corrected CPITN, plaque index, gingival index), the prosthetic state of the subjects, the prosthetic state of the parents, the behavior of the parents towards the port of their prosthesis (CPP), the behavior of the subjects in front of dental care. The data were analyzed mainly by the method of logistic regression. They indicated that the most determining variables concerning the wearing of removable prostheses were: the plaque index (OR = 1.730), the behavior in front of dental care (OR = 1.306) and especially, the parental prosthetic behavior (OR = 4.420). In others words, the fact that the parents had removable prostheses and well tolerated it, constituted an important risk factor so that the children had removable prostheses. It was here, according to the authors, about sociological and psychological determinants on the bucco-dental aging.