Highly multiplexed bioactivity screening reveals human and microbiota metabolome-GPCRome interactions.

The human body contains thousands of metabolites derived from mammalian cells, the microbiota, food, and medical drugs. Many bioactive metabolites act through the engagement of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs); however, technological limitations constrain current explorations of metabolite-GPCR interactions. Here, we developed a highly multiplexed screening technology called PRESTO-Salsa that enables simultaneous assessment of nearly all conventional GPCRs (>300 receptors) in a single well of a 96-well plate. Using PRESTO-Salsa, we screened 1,041 human-associated metabolites against the GPCRome and uncovered previously unreported endogenous, exogenous, and microbial GPCR agonists. Next, we leveraged PRESTO-Salsa to generate an atlas of microbiome-GPCR interactions across 435 human microbiome strains from multiple body sites, revealing conserved patterns of cross-tissue GPCR engagement and activation of CD97/ADGRE5 by the Porphyromonas gingivalis protease gingipain K. These studies thus establish a highly multiplexed bioactivity screening technology and expose a diverse landscape of human, diet, drug, and microbiota metabolome-GPCRome interactions.

Improving masticatory and swallowing ability of postoperative oral and maxillofacial tumor patients by telerehabilitation-A randomized controlled trial.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of telerehabilitation on oral function of oral and maxillofacial tumor patients. DESIGN: Unicentral, single-blind, randomized controlled trial. SETTING: Community. SUBJECTS: Patients with primary oral and maxillofacial tumor receiving surgical treatment. INTERVENTIONS: Telerehabilitation guidance from therapists. MAIN MEASURES: At the beginning of training (T0) and 1 month (T1), 3 months (T2) and 6 months (T3) after training, patients' masticatory ability (mastication efficiency-masticatory performance evaluating gum, maximum bite force and mouth opening) and swallowing ability (water swallowing test) was measured. Modified Sato questionnaire and MD Anderson dysphagia inventory (MDADI) were used for self-evaluation of masticatory and swallowing ability. RESULTS: A total of 64 participants (intervention: 33; control: 31) were included. The masticatory efficiency scores of the intervention group were significantly better than those of the control group at T2 (intervention: 3.67 (0.48); control: 3.03 (0.85)) and T3 (intervention: 4.20 (0.30); control: 3.50 (0.79)); and maximum mouth opening was better at T2 (intervention: 3.18 (0.59); control: 2.77 (0.54)) and T3 (intervention: 3.54 (0.58); control: 3.09 (0.41)). In water swallowing test, the intervention group had better scores at T2 and T3. The scores of MDADI scale in intervention group were better than those in the control group after 3 months of training. In subgroup analysis, the intervention group of oral cancer patients had better swallowing function at T2 and T3, but no significant difference was found in the subgroup of oropharyngeal cancer. CONCLUSIONS: Telerehabilitation could greatly improve the long-term (3-6 months) training effect under the condition of greatly saving medical resources and reducing personnel contact.

Fast, long-scan-range pump-probe measurement based on asynchronous sampling using a dual-wavelength mode-locked fiber laser.

A simple, fast and long-scan-range pump-probe scheme is experimentally demonstrated using a dual-wavelength passively mode-locked fiber laser. The pulse trains from the dual-wavelength laser have a small difference in their repetition frequencies inherently determined by the intracavity dispersion. This enables the realization of the asynchronous sampling scheme with a tens-of-nanosecond-long delay range and a picosecond scan step at a millisecond scan speed. Instead of two synchronized ultrafast lasers in the traditional asynchronous sampling scheme, just one fiber laser is needed in our scheme, which could significantly simplify the system setup.