Guided Tissue Regeneration in Class IV External Cervical Resorption: A Case Report.

External cervical resorption (ECR) is a type of dental resorption that originates from the loss of the cementum's protective layer. The direct exposure of dentin to the periodontal ligament may lead to the invasion of clastic cells through an entry point on the external root surface into the dentinal tissue, causing resorption. Depending on the extension of ECR, different treatments are proposed. Although the literature presents distinct materials and methods for restoring ECR areas, an existing gap is related to care in the treatment of the supporting periodontal tissue. Guided tissue regeneration (GTR)/guided bone regeneration includes the stimulation of bone formation in bone defects using different types of membranes (resorbable and nonresorbable), regardless of its association with bone substitutes or grafts. Despite the benefits of guided bone regeneration, the application of this method in cases of ECR is still under-explored in the literature. Thus, the present case report uses GTR with xenogenic material and polydioxanone membrane in a case of class IV ECR. The success of the present case is related to the correct diagnosis and treatment plan. Complete debridement of resorption areas and restoration with biodentine were effective in tooth repair. GTR contributed to the stabilization of supporting periodontal tissues. The association of the xenogeneic bone graft with the polydioxanone membrane proved to be a viable option for restoring the health of the periodontium.

Evaluation of periodontal parameters and gingival crevicular fluid cytokines in children with anterior open bite receiving passive orthodontic treatment with a spur.

Objective: To evaluate clinical parameters and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) cytokines in children with anterior open bite receiving passive orthodontic treatment with spurs. Methods: Twenty children with indications for interceptive orthodontic treatment, an anterior open bite, and good oral hygiene and periodontal health were included in this study. GCF samples were collected from the mandibular and maxillary central incisors before (baseline) and 24 hours and 7 days after spur bonding. Clinical and periodontal examinations and cytokine analyses were performed. Results: At 7 days after spur attachment, gingival bleeding in the mandibular group was increased relative to that in the maxillary group. Visible plaque was correlated with gingival bleeding at 7 days and the GCF volume at 24 hours after spur attachment. Compared with those at baseline, interleukin (IL)-8 levels in the maxillary group and IL-1ß levels in both tooth groups increased at both 24 hours and 7 days and at 7 days, respectively. At 24 hours, IL-8, IL-1ß, and IL-6 levels were higher in the maxillary group than in the mandibular group. Cytokine production was positively correlated with increased GCF volume, but not with gingival bleeding, visible plaque, or probing depth. Conclusions: Although orthodontic treatment with spurs in children resulted in increased gingival bleeding around the mandibular incisors, IL levels were higher around the maxillary incisors and not correlated with periodontal parameters. Increased cytokine levels in GCF may be associated with the initial tooth movement during open bite correction with a passive orthodontic appliance in children.

The use of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in the successful management of an invasive cervical resorption class 4: A case report with five years follow-up.

A 41-year-old male with a dental history of invasive cervical resorption (ICR) was initially treated with a surgical endodontics approach and secondly with antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) along with endodontic retreatment. The use of aPDT was essential to promote bacterial reduction in the resorption defect. Combining these techniques allowed for clinical, radiographic, and tomographic success after five years of follow-up.

Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy and guided endodontics: A case report.

A 35-year-old woman with a history of pulp canal obliteration (PCO) and apical periodontitis was treated with guided endodontics combined with antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT). The use of aPDT was paramount to the approach performed, and its application should be encouraged in cases of severely calcified canals when apical patency is unachievable. The combination of these techniques ensured successful clinical, radiographic, and tomographic outcomes at the 1-year follow-up. Key Words: Antimicrobial PDT, guided endodonics, periodontitis, pulp canal obliteration.

Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy associated with long term success in endodontic treatment with separated instruments: A case report.

This paper describes a case with a 5- year follow-up of Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy (aPDT) associated with long-term success in endodontic treatment in a tooth with separated instruments. The patient presented with a tooth exhibiting a periapical lesion, slight swelling, and severe pain. A radiograph revealed the presence of two separated files in the middle and apical thirds of the mesial root on a lower first molar. Attempts at bypassing were not successful. In the mesial root, instrumentation was limited to the coronal ends of the separated instruments. The apical patency could not be achieved due to the blockage of the separated files. aPDT was performed in two visits, at a 660-nm wavelength and 100 mW of power, for 90 s to a total energy of 9.0 Joules. Methylene blue solution was used as photosensitizer at concentration of 0005%. A 300-µm light diffusor was coupled to the diode laser and was inserted into the root canal 2 mm short of WL, where it was set to allow better diffusion of light. Each root canal was sealed with gutta-percha by warm vertical compaction and Pulp Canal Sealer™. After 5 years of follow-up, clear evidence of remineralization of the radiolucency and bone healing was observed. This case report suggests that the addition of aPDT to conventional endodontic treatment improved microbial disinfection leading to a successful long-term outcome.

Experience with 808-nm diode laser in the treatment of 47 cases of oral vascular anomalies

Abstract Treatment of oral vascular anomalies (OVA) has focused on minimally invasive techniques rather than radical surgery. We investigated the efficacy and safety of diode laser using the photocoagulation technique in the management of OVA. Forty-seven subjects with OVA were treated with forced dehydration with induced photocoagulation (FDIP) using diode laser (808 nm/4.5 W). This series consisted mostly of male (63.8%) and non-white (63.8%) patients with a mean age of 57.4 years. Varices (91.5%), venous malformations (6.4%), and hemangiomas (2.1%) with a mean size of 7.1 (±4.9) mm were the conditions treated. OVA presented as a nodular lesion (63.8%) involving mainly the lower lip (46.8%). Pulsed laser mode was used as standard and the number of applications varied from one to four sessions, with the majority requiring only one (83%) FDIP session. Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that complete clinical healing can occur on the 15th day (n=9/29.5%), followed by the 20th (n=6/45.5%), and 30th (n=7/70.5%) days. Postoperative edema was observed in 31 (66%) patients, and recurrence of the lesion occurred in two (4.2%). Based on the data on complete clinical healing, minimal patient discomfort, and satisfactory esthetic results, we can confirm that FDIP by diode laser is a promising candidate for the safe and efficacious treatment of OVA.

Use of Surgical Laser for Excision of a Neurofibroma Associated With Neurofibromatosis Type-1.

Introduction: Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder that affects approximately 1/3500 individuals. Various bone manifestations and peripheral nerves neoplastic lesions associated with NF1 are seen in the jaws. Several oral manifestations may occur in this disorder; therefore the dentist's knowledge and multidisciplinary management of these patients are extremely important. Case Presentation: In the present article, we present the use of a high-power surgical laser to excise a neurofibroma in a patient with several intraoral manifestations associated with NF1. Conclusion: The use of diode laser (808 nm) for excision biopsy of tongue nodules showed no thermal damage to the tissue, allowing an adequate histopathological analysis of the neurofibroma.

Uso do laser de diodo de alta intensidade para realização de frenectomia e bridectomia pré-protética para aumento de retenção em prótese total removível em paciente diabético - relato de caso / Uso do laser de diodo de alta intensidade para realização de frenectomia e bridectomia pré-protética para aumento de retenção em prótese total removível em paciente diabético - relato de caso

Previamente à confecção de próteses totais mucossuportadas, o cirurgião dentista deve observar se o paciente possui características em seu rebordo alveolar e tecidos moles que ocasionariam diminuição de sua retenção e, a partir de então, avaliar a necessidade e possibilidade de realizar uma cirurgia pré-protética para correção. Este trabalho traz o relato de caso de uma paciente atendida na clínica de prótese total da FO-UFMG, de sexo feminino, idosa, melanoderma, desdentada total e portadora de diabetes melittus tipo II controlada. Ao exame clínico, foi observada presença de freio labial superior proeminente, bem como bridas. Ambos diminuiriam a área de suporte da prótese a ser confeccionada, culminando em sua retenção insuficiente. Portanto, fez-se necessária a remoção cirúrgica desses tecidos moles. A frenectomia e bridectomia foram realizadas com laser de diodo de alta intensidade e o pós-operatório ocorreu sem maiores intercorrências. Após uma semana, a cicatrização encontrava-se quase completa, a cirurgia foi considerada satisfatória e a paciente não relatou sintomatologia dolorosa, possibilitando a realização de moldagem para iniciar a confecção da prótese. A prótese total mucossuportada foi instalada após 42 dias, sem queixas de perda de retenção pela paciente (AU).

Before the manufacture of total dentures, the dentist must observe if the patient has features in his alveolar ridge and soft tissues that would cause a reduction in retention of the denture and, after, evaluate the need and possibility of performing surgery for correction. This paper presents the case report of a patient attended at the Clinic of Complete Denture of FO-UFMG, female, elderly, black, total edentulous and with type II diabetes mellitus controlled. At the clinical examination, the presence of prominent upper labial frenum was observed. This would reduce the area of support of the prosthesis to be made, culminating in its insufficient retention. Therefore, the surgical removal of these soft tissues was required. The frenectomy and bridectomy were performed with high-intensity diode laser and the postoperative occurred without major intercurrences. After one week the healing was almost complete, the surgery was considered satisfactory and the patient did not report painful symptomatology, allowing the accomplishment of molding to begin the preparation of the prosthesis. The complete denture was installed after 42 days, without complaints of loss of retention by the patient (AU).

Benefícios da laserterapia nas lesões bucais da Epidermólise Bolhosa / Benefits of laser therapy in oral lesions of epidermolysis bullosa

A Epidermólise Bolhosa (EB) é um grupo de dermatoses bolhosas hereditárias que acometem a pele e mucosas. No presente trabalho, uma paciente do sexo feminino, seis anos, que foi diagnosticada ao nascimento como sendo portadora da EB distrófica, apresentou, ao exame clínico, ulcerações e bolhas na língua, mucosa jugal, palato, assoalho bucal, vestíbulos e gengivas, microstomia, anquiloglossia, ausência de vestíbulo bucal e lingual e apinhamento dentário. Toda essa condição oral acarretava à paciente dificuldade e sintomatologia dolorosa na alimentação e na higienização, além de dificultar o trabalho do profissional de Odontologia. O tratamento das lesões intraorais com irradiações por laser em baixa intensidade (comprimento de onda = 660 nm) foi proposto visto suas ações biomoduladora, anti-inflamatória, antiálgica, antiedematosa e cicatrizante. Foram realizadas, semanalmente, aplicações pontuais com dose de 90 J/cm² e potência de 40 mW (área de spot de 0,04 cm2). Após laserterapia, observou-se aumento da abertura de boca, melhora da higienização, da alimentação, com introdução de alimentos mais duros, aumento do conforto nestas tarefas, diminuição do número de bolhas intraorais, quando não havia problemas sistêmicos comprometedores, e realização do tratamento odontológico de forma menos traumática e desconfortável para a paciente (AU).

The Epidermolysis Bullosa (EB) is a group of inherited bullous skin diseases that affect the skin and mucous membranes. In the present work, a 6-year-old female patient who was diagnosed at birth as bearer of dystrophic EB, presented, at clinical examination, ulcers and blisters on the tongue, buccal mucosa, palate, mouth floor, vestibule and gums, microstomia, ankyloglossia, absence of buccal and lingual vestibule, and dental crowding. This oral condition brought to the patient pain symptomatology and difficulty to feed and to do oral hygiene, as well as hindered dental professional work. The treatment of intra-oral lesions with laser irradiation at low intensity (wavelength = 660 nm) was proposed due to its biomodulator, antiinflammatory, analgesic, anti-edematous, and healing effects. Punctual weekly applications of 90 J/cm² and power of 40 MW were made. After laser therapy, there was increase of mouth opening, improved oral hygiene, and better feeding, with the introduction of hard food, increased comfort in these tasks, reduction of intra-oral blisters number, when there was no systemic problems compromising, and dental treatment was performed in a less traumatic and uncomfortable way for the patient (AU).

Evaluation of polymeric PLGA nanoparticles conjugated to curcumin for use in aPDT

ABSTRACT Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) involves the association of a photosensitizing agent with a light source with the goal of causing apoptosis or microbial lysing. The use of compounds with natural active principles is gaining prominence throughout the world. Several studies from groups that are linked to the development of innovations in the pharmaceutical market have used natural dyes, such as curcumin, the efficacy of which has been demonstrated in aPDT trials. Difficulties related to physicochemical stability, solubility and cell penetration are some of the challenges associated with this field. The present work aimed to prepare, investigate the characteristics and improve the photodynamic activity of PLGA-based nanoparticles loaded with curcumin for use in aPDT therapy. Using the simple technique of emulsion during the evaporation of a solvent, the particles were built, characterized and tested against microorganisms with importance for medicine and dentistry. The results revealed that the particles were able to protect the curcumin against degradation and eliminate some microorganism species at nanomolar concentrations.

Avaliação do efeito térmico do laser de diodo de alta potência e do bisturi elétrico após incisões em mandíbula de porco / Evaluation of thermic effect of high power diode laser and electric bistoury after incisions in pig jaws

Atualmente, equipamentos que facilitam as cirurgias e diminuem as complicações pós- -operatórias vêm sendo utilizados por profissionais da área de saúde, dentre eles estão os lasers e os bisturis elétricos. O laser de diodo de alta intensidade é utilizado para cirurgias em tecido mole, como incisões na gengiva e na mucosa oral, com pouco ou nenhum sangramento, devido ao selamento dos vasos sanguíneos e efeito analgésico pelo selamento das terminações nervosas. O bisturi elétrico, quando utilizado como técnica de cauterização, produz calor por meio de uma corrente elétrica, que é transmitido diretamente para os tecidos alvos, com o intuito de conseguir efeitos terapêuticos favoráveis. Este estudo objetivou avaliar a variação de temperatura de incisões feitas em mandíbulas de porco. Foram realizadas incisões lineares utilizando-se um laser de diodo de alta intensidade e um bisturi elétrico. A temperatura durante as incisões cirúrgicas, utilizando ambos os equipamentos, foi avaliada por meio de análises termográficas. O bisturi elétrico produziu maior aumento da temperatura tecidual se comparado ao laser de alta potência. Este estudo concluiu que a utilização do laser de diodo foi mais segura pois a temperatura máxima atingida foi inferior quando comparada ao bisturi elétrico (AU).

Currently, health care professionals have been using equipment to facilitate the surgery and reduce postoperative complications, being among these equipment lasers and electrocautery. The high power laser diode is used for soft tissue surgery, such as incisions in the gingiva and the oral mucosa, with little or no bleeding, because of the sealing of blood vessels and the analgesic effect due to the sealing of terminations. The electrocautery used as thermal ablation technique produces heat by an electric current which is passed directly to target tissues, in order to achieve favorable therapeutic effects. The aim of this study was evaluate the temperature variation using such equipment during incisions in pig jaws. Linear incisions were made using a high intensity diode laser and electrocautery. The temperature during surgical incisions, using both equipment, was evaluated by thermographic analyses. The electrocautery produced a greater increase in tissue temperature compared to the high power laser. This study concluded that the use of diode laser is safer because the maximum temperature reached was lower when compared to the electrocautery (AU).

Avaliação das superfícies de implantes dentários com tratamento a laser / Evaluation of dental implant surfaces with laser treatment

O objetivo deste trabalho foi apresentar uma revisão da literatura sobre superfícies de implantes dentários com tratamento a laser. O laser é uma amplificação da luz que, dependendo de sua intensidade e interação com a matéria, é capaz de gerar mudanças morfológicas e químicas em ligas de metais, como as de titânio, usadas em Odontologia. Diversos tipos de tratamentos a laser vêm sendo estudados para criar superfícies rugosas em implantes dentais osseointegráveis. Atualmente, as superfícies rugosas de implantes dentários, comparadas às superfícies usinadas, apresentam melhor resposta biológica do hospedeiro, diminuindo o período de osseointegração e permitindo ao profissional que realize reabilitações protéticas mais rápidas e seguras.

The aim of this work is to present a literature review regarding dental implants surfaces treated by lasers. Laser is a light amplifi cation that depending of the intensity and matter interaction, is capable to cause morphologic and chemical changes in metal alloys, such as, titanium alloy used in dentistry. Several types of surface laser treatments has been studied to create rough surfaces in osseointegrated dental implants. In the last few years, the rough surfaces of dental implants compared to machined surfaces, presented better biologic response of the host, reducing the osseointegration period, enabling professionals to have a possibility to perform faster and more secure prosthodontic rehabilitation.

Terapia fotodinâmica antimicrobiana no tratamento de candidíase em paciente com prótese total mucossuportada superior - relato de caso / Candidiasis treatment with antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in patient with upper complete denture - case report

As próteses totais mucossuportada têm por objetivo reabilitar o sistema estomatognótico de pacientes desdentados totais, restabelecendo a saúde das estruturas de suporte bucais. Apesar da constante busca pela perfeição na confecção de próteses totais, lesões como a Candidíase podem estar associadas ao seu uso. O objetivo deste trabalho foi apresentar um caso clínico de estomatite protética tratada por meio da Terapia Fotodinâmica Antimicrobiana (aPDT), associada ao tratamento protético. O presente estudo mostrou que a luz emitida pelo laser associada ao CHIMIOLUX© foi eficiente em reduzir o número de células de C. albicans e regredir as manifestações clínicas da candidíase atrófica crônica. Assim, aPDT pode ser considerada uma alternativa viável ao tratamento coadjuvante para as lesões fúngicas intraorais e alternativa terapêutica para desinfecção de PTM. Apesar da eficiência da aPDT, a necessidade de orientar o paciente quanto … mudança de hábitos de higiene bucal e utilização de próteses adaptadas são de grande importância na manutenção da saúde dos tecidos orais

Complete mucous membrane-supported dentures aim to rehabilitate the stomatognathic system of edentulous patients, restoring oral health. Even with a constant search to improve complete dentures’ manufacturing process some adverse effects such as candidiasis may still occur. The aim of this study was to present a clinical case of denture stomatitis treated by Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy (aPDT), associated with prosthetic treatment. This study showed that the laser light associated with CHIMIOLUX© is effective in reducing the number of cells of C. albicans and to reverse clinical manifestations of chronic atrophic candidiasis. Thus, the aPDT can be considered a viable alternative to adjuvant treatment for denture stomatitis caused by C. albicans and to reverse clinical manifestations of chronic atrophic candidiasis. The aPDT can also be used for disinfection of complete dentures. Despite the efficiency of the aPDT, counseling the patients about oral hygiene and the use of adapted prostheses has great importance in preserving the health of oral tissues