Efficacy of a high concentration of nano silver fluoride in preventing caries: A randomized controlled trial.

Background: To investigate the effectiveness of a novel agent containing Nano Silver Fluoride 1500 (NSF 1500) and chitosan to inactivate carious lesions in children. Material and Methods: The study included eighty children. While both groups had fluoride dentifrice applied to their teeth, only the experimental group received treatment with the NSF 1500-ppm solution. The first and sixth-month interval examinations were conducted by two calibrated dentists (k = 0.85). Results: The NSF 1500 group had 69.2% of their teeth with arrested decay, while the control group had 24.1%. The difference was statistically significant (p 0.001), with a preventive fraction of 59.4%. The number needed to treat (NNT) was approximately two. The NSF 1500 formulation was more effective than toothbrushing alone with fluoridated dentifrice in preventing dental caries. Conclusions: The effectiveness of NSF 1500 is determined by the size and depth of the dental cavity. Its ability to arrest caries lesions was comparable to previously tested products, NSF 400 and NSF 600. Key words:Preventive dentistry, dental caries, nanoparticles.

An exploratory study of children with caries and its relationship to SARS-CoV-2.

This exploratory study investigated whether children with dental decay were more likely to have COVID-19 than those without caries. The children underwent dental inspection and blood collection for detection of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. Fifty-four children aged 6 to 9 years participated in the survey, which was conducted between March and June 2020 in the municipality of Ipojuca, Pernambuco, Brazil. The diagnosis of caries was performed using the dmft and DMFT indices. Parents reported signs and symptoms of sickness in their children during this period. The serology test aimed to verify the immune response of the children to coronavirus by detecting IgM/IgG antibodies. Statistical analyses were performed at P < 0.05. The majority of the children presented caries (68.5%). Of the nine children who tested positive for COVID-19 (16.7%), eight presented IgG antibodies to the virus, and only one had IgG and IgM antibodies to SARS-CoV2. Children who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 had a higher percentage of caries lesions than those who tested negative for SARS-CoV-2 (77.8% vs 65.9%), but this difference was not statistically significant.

Sedation and its Potential Risks in Children with Autism Spectrum Due to Drug Overlaps: A Critical Review

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyse pharmacological overlap in patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) under conscious sedation in a dental office environment, identifying any potential risks and complications. Material and Methods: A critical review was conducted by selecting articles from online databases (Pubmed and Lilacs), using a search algorithm and eligibility criteria. The Medscape® platform was used to verify interactions between drugs commonly used by patients with ASD and medications used for sedation in paediatric dentistry. Results: Due to their polydrug use, children with ASD are at risk of complications, namely Serotonin Syndrome (SS), Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (NMS), increase or decrease of the QT interval (QTi) and Torsade de Pointes (TdP), due to pre-existence of metabolic syndrome, deepening the sedation level or even leading to a decrease in the sedative capacity of the drugs used. Conclusion: It is essential to assess better drug interaction in ASD patients submitted to sedation. The severity of the disorder and the need for sedation for dental treatment are directly proportional. However, increases in sedative doses tend to increase risks and complications in children with ASD.

Non-Invasive Methods and the Use of Infiltrating Resins for the Control of Caries Progression in Deciduous Teeth: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the influence of non-invasive treatment associated with the use of infiltrating resin for managing caries lesions in primary teeth. Material and Methods: A systematic review was performed by selecting articles from 6 online databases, using a search algorithm and eligibility criteria for data extraction and data synthesis for the papers included. Clinical trials involving primary teeth with incipient caries lesions (1/2 of the enamel or 1/3 of the outer dentin) were included, presenting full text and answering the study's guiding question. This study used the RoB 2 tool for the risk of bias assessment and GRADE for certainty of evidence. Random effects meta-analyses were implemented, and lesion progression treatment effects were estimated through relative risk (RR) and associated 95% confidence intervals. Results: A total of 440 studies were found. After analyzing the inclusion criteria and removal of duplicates, eight studies were analyzed for quality evidence. Five of the eight studies included in this review contributed to the meta-analysis, all with some reflections regarding the risk of bias. Overall, the results of the meta-analysis showed that non-invasive treatment, when associated with the use of infiltrating resins, significantly reduced the risk of caries progression in relation to the treatment without this addition for follow-up periods ranging from 12 months to 2 years (RR 0.51 [0.40-0.65]). Conclusion: There is moderate certainty of evidence that the use of infiltrating resins associated with non-invasive treatments decreases the risk of caries progression in primary teeth with incipient caries lesions (1/2 of the enamel or 1/3 of the dentin outer) when combined with non-invasive control methods alone.

An exploratory study of children with caries and its relationship to SARS-CoV-2

Abstract This exploratory study investigated whether children with dental decay were more likely to have COVID-19 than those without caries. The children underwent dental inspection and blood collection for detection of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. Fifty-four children aged 6 to 9 years participated in the survey, which was conducted between March and June 2020 in the municipality of Ipojuca, Pernambuco, Brazil. The diagnosis of caries was performed using the dmft and DMFT indices. Parents reported signs and symptoms of sickness in their children during this period. The serology test aimed to verify the immune response of the children to coronavirus by detecting IgM/IgG antibodies. Statistical analyses were performed at P < 0.05. The majority of the children presented caries (68.5%). Of the nine children who tested positive for COVID-19 (16.7%), eight presented IgG antibodies to the virus, and only one had IgG and IgM antibodies to SARS-CoV2. Children who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 had a higher percentage of caries lesions than those who tested negative for SARS-CoV-2 (77.8% vs 65.9%), but this difference was not statistically significant.

Are exercises with or without occlusal splints more effective in the reduction of pain in patients with temporomandibular disorders of myogenic origin? A systematic review

Abstract Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) is a term used to describe a set of clinical conditions that may compromise the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and masticatory muscles and/or associated structures, considered the most frequent cause of orofacial pain of non-dental origin. In recent years, many forms of physical therapy have been used in the treatment of TMD to reduce pain and improve the range of mandibular movement present in this impairment. Among these resources are kinesiotherapy (exercise), electrothermal and manual therapy, acupuncture, training posture, mobilizations, and biofeedback. Objectives To determine if exercises with or without occlusal splints are effective in reducing pain in patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMD) of myogenic origin. Methodology This systematic review was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (CRD 42019134244). Controlled trials published in PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Library following PRISMA guidelines up to April 2022 were randomized and included. The population above 18 years, which evaluated the effectiveness of exercise with or without occlusal splints in reducing pain in patients with TMD of myogenic origin, diagnosed through the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders, was also included. There was no restriction on the period of publication. Cochrane risk of bias analysis was performed. Results Of the five included articles, all showed a reduction of pain, but without significant differences between the interventions performed. Additionally, studies that evaluated the quality of life and mandibular movements showed a reduction in pain, but no significant differences between therapies. Conclusion The analyzed studies showed no difference in the improvement of pain, quality of life, and mandibular movements between the groups that performed only exercises or the associated treatments.

Oral manifestations in hospitalized children with COVID-19

Abstract As the pandemic progressed, the incidence of viruses among children also increased. This study investigates the presence of oral lesions in hospitalized children by analyzing data collected from medical records of infants seen at the pediatric Infectious disease unit at the General Hospital of the University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil, from March to August 2020. This study includes children aged 0 to 12 years diagnosed with severe symptoms of COVID-19. The data describe the frequencies and percentages of categorical variables, expressed as mean, median, and standard deviation. The chi-square test evaluated the association of oral manifestations according to the presence of comorbidities. Of 89 children, 20.2% had oral manifestations, and mucositis was the most prevalent lesion (12.4%). Of the 18 children with oral manifestations, 12 did not present comorbidities, but 7.9% had multisystem inflammatory syndrome and 5.6% had Kawasaki disease. Results show that children with oral lesions had longer hospital stays. These findings indicate the need for further studies to clarify the relationship between the oral manifestations of COVID-19 in pediatric patients for screening of the virus by dentists.

Viral symptoms in children and SARS-COV-2: information for pediatric dentists for the control of transmission

Abstract: The new coronavi rus, which has spread worldwide, has spiraled out of control in Brazil. The number of infected children has increased, and more Infants Special Care Units are needed to prevent deaths. This study aims to report the most common signs and symptoms in children infected by seasonal respiratory viruses and those infected by COVID-19. This knowledge is essential to educate pediatric dentists, who may contribute to identifying the difference in symptoms and notify the cases, thus preventing the spread of COVID-19. This study was carried out in a Family Health Center of Ipojuca, state of Pernambuco, Brazil, and included 54 children seen for dental emergency care. The parents provided information about the signs and symptoms of their children' s health conditions during the lockdown from March to July 2020. All children had a serological test to detect any exposure to the virus. Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Mann-Whitney tests were used to assess the distribution of the data and compare the quantitative variables between the groups. Among the study participants, 16.7% tested positive for COVID-19. The most prevalent symptoms were headache (38.9%), sneezing (35.2%), and fever (20.4%); six out of nine children with a positive test had symptoms after infection of an adult in the family. Children infected with COVID-19 showed similar clinical signs to those with negative results. Pediatric dentists should acquire knowledge to report on sick children and prevent the spread of the disease.

Evaluation of Sleep Quality and Daytime Sleepiness in Dentistry Students

Abstract Objective: To evaluate sleep quality and excessive daytime sleepiness in undergraduate dentistry students. Material and Methods: This research is characterized as an observational study of transversal type, having analysed undergraduate students in dentistry from a public university in the State of Pernambuco, Brazil. The sample consisted of 325 students enrolled between the 1st and 10th academic semester. Sleep quality was evaluated using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), while excessive daytime sleepiness was analysed through the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS). The t-Student and Mann-Whitney tests were used for the numerical values, with the F-test (ANOVA) or the Kruskal-Wallis test being used to compare more than two categories. Results: It was observed that 71.1% of students presented a poor sleep quality, with more than half of the students exhibiting excessive daytime sleepiness (58.1%). A relationship between sleep quality and the academic semester was verified. However, gender and age were not associated with sleep quality or with excessive daytime sleepiness. Conclusion: A high prevalence of poor sleep quality and excessive daytime sleepiness was observed among undergraduate students in dentistry. The data suggest that the undergraduate degree in Dentistry can influence the students' quality of sleep, regardless of age or gender.

Maloclusões e disfunção da tuba auditiva em crianças: uma revisão integrativa / Malocclusions and auditory tube dysfunction in children: an integrative review

RESUMO Esta revisão integrativa da literatura objetivou analisar as evidências científicas disponíveis sobre a relação entre as maloclusões e a disfunção da tuba auditiva. Através dos descritores "malocclusion","eustachian tube", "otitis media", fez-se uma busca na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde / Bireme, incluindo artigos publicados em inglês, português e espanhol, sem limite de data de publicação. Os artigos repetidos nas bases de dados, relatos de caso e os que não se apresentaram em formato de artigo científico, tais como resenhas, teses, editoriais, dissertações e cartas foram excluídos. Após análise foram selecionados 09 artigos que preenchiam os critérios de inclusão estabelecidos, sendo que a maioria foi conduzido no continente Europeu e apenas um estudo foi realizado no Brasil. Foi possível verificar uma escassez de artigos sobre a relação entre as maloclusões e a disfunção da tuba auditiva. Não houve um consenso entre os estudos disponíveis sobre a relação entre as desordens da orelha média e as maloclusões, no entanto os estudos de intervenção mostraram que a expansão rápida da maxila tem efeito positivo no funcionamento da tuba auditiva. Em meio a escassez de artigos, verifica-se a necessidade de mais estudos sobre essa temática para que a Odontologia e a Fonoaudiologia, juntamente com as demais áreas da saúde, possam contribuir na escolha de tratamentos que possibilitem uma melhora na qualidade de vida desta população.

ABSTRACT This integrative literature review aimed to analyze the scientific evidence available on the relationship between malocclusions and auditory tube dysfunction. A search was carried out on the Virtual Health Library / Bireme/Medicine(r), using the descriptors "malocclusion", "Eustachian tube", "otitis media", to identify articles published in English, Portuguese and Spanish, of any publication date. Articles excluded were those repeated in databases, case reports and reviews, theses, editorials, essays and letters that did not appear in scientific paper format. Following analysis, 9 articles were selected that met the established inclusion criteria, most conducted on the European continent, and one only in Brazil. A shortage of articles on the relationship between malocclusions and auditory tube dysfunction became apparent. There was no consensus among the available studies on the relationship between the middle ear disorders and malocclusions; however, intervention studies have shown that rapid maxillary expansion has a positive effect on the functioning of the auditory tube. The current lack of articles indicates the need for more studies on this topic for dentistry and speech therapy, alongside other areas of health, to be able to contribute to the choice of treatments that allow improvements in the lives of people with these conditions.

Perfil do atendimento aos adolescentes nas Urgências Odontológicas das Unidades de Pronto Atendimento (UPA) no Estado de Pernambuco / Profile of adolescents' Care in Emergency Dental Units in the State of Pernambuco

As Unidades de Pronto Atendimento (UPAs) foram implementadas no Estado de Pernambuco em 2011, por isso fez-se necessário avaliar o perfl do atendimento aos adolescentes na urgência odontológica das Unidades de pronto Atendimento (UPA) do Estado de Pernambuco. Trata-se de um estudo de caracterização da demanda em que foram coletados dados dos prontuários de todas os adolescentes que procuraram o serviço de urgência odontológica, durante o intervalo de seis meses. Os dados foram tabulados em um banco de dados no programa SPSS 17.0 e foi realizada a análise descritiva através da obtenção das frequências percentuais das variáveis. Foram atendidos 1473 adolescentes, sendo 61% do sexo feminino na faixa etária de 15 a 19 anos de idade (63,7%). Em relação à classifcação de risco, 78,2% dos pacientes foram classifcados como verde, mas a queixa mais referida foi dor (91,4%). Dos procedimentos realizados 37,4% foi restauração, 17,4% exodontia e 17,1% abertura coronária. Os dados coletados demonstraram que apesar da maior prevalência de dor, como queixa principal, o tratamento restaurador foi o procedimento mais realizado, sugerindo que a urgência odontológica está sendo utilizada como porta de entrada para a obtenção de serviços que deveriam estar sendo realizados na atenção básica

The Emergency Care Units were implemented in the state of Pernambuco in 2011, so it was necessary to evaluate the profle of adolescents' dental care in the emergency care units of the State of Pernambuco. It is a demand characterization study in which data were collected from medical records of all adolescentes who sought emergency dental service during the six-month interval. The data were compiled in a database using SPSS 17.0 and the descriptive analysis was performed by obtaining the percentage frequencies of the variables. 1473 adolescents were assisted, 61% were females aged 15-19 years (63.7%). Regarding the risk classifcation, 78.2% of patients were classifed as green, but most reported complaint was pain (91.4%). About the procedures performes, 37.4% was restauration, 17.4% extraction and 17.1% crown opening. The data collected showed that despite the higher prevalence of pain as the main complaint, the restorative treatment was most performed procedure, suggesting that dental emergency is being used as a gateway to obtaining services that should be being carried out in primary care

Relação entre maloclusões e queixas de problemas mastigatórios e gastrointestinais em crianças / Relationship between malocclusions and complaints of masticatory and gastrointestinal problems in children

Objetivo: Avaliar a relação entre as maloclusões e queixas de problemas mastigatórios e gastrointestinais em crianças. Métodos: Realizou-se um estudo transversal com uma amostra intencional de 232 crianças de ambos os sexos, com idades entre 6 e 12 anos, provenientes de uma amostra de 634 crianças de 3 a 12 anos examinadas durante um levantamento de saúde bucal na cidade do Recife/PE. Participaram do estudo apenas as crianças livres de cárie. Foram excluídas as crianças com síndromes associadas a deformidades craniofaciais, as crianças submetidas a tratamento ortodôntico ou ortopédico facial prévio, crianças com presença de desgastes acentuados nas faces oclusais dos elementos dentários e crianças com alterações dentárias de forma, número ou tamanho. Os dados foram coletados através de dois instrumentos: entrevistas com os responsáveis e exames clínicos. As maloclusões foram avaliadas a partir da classificação de Angle e da observação da ocorrência de mordida aberta anterior, mordida cruzada anterior e mordida cruzada posterior. Foi utilizada ficha clínica padrão da Organização Mundial de Saúde. A análise estatística foi realizada utilizando-se os testes Quiquadrado de Pearson e Exato de Fisher. Resultados: Os sintomas de distúrbios gastrointestinais ocorreram em 19,8% das crianças, sendo a prisão de ventre a queixa mais citada (9,9%). Os sintomas gastrointestinais não foram associados à presença das maloclusões. A mordida cruzada anterior foi associada à dificuldade para mastigar (p < 0,05) e à necessidade de ingerir líquidos durante as refeições (p=0,017). Conclusão: As crianças com mordida cruzada anterior apresentaram maiores dificuldades mastigatórias em relação ao grupo sem esta maloclusão.(AU)

Objective: To evaluate the relationship between malocclusion and complaints of masticatory and gastrointestinal problems in children. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out with an intentional sample of 232 children of both sexes, 6 to 12 years of age, from a sample of 634 children, 3 to 12 years of age, who were examined during an oral health survey in the city of Recife, PE, Brazil. Only caries-free children participated in this study. Children with disabilities were excluded, as were children who had undergone orthodontic or facial orthopedic treatment, children with clearly accentuated wear on the occlusal surfaces of their teeth, and children with dental alterations in shape, size, or number. Data were collected through two instruments: interviews with the responsible guardians and clinical examinations. Malocclusions were evaluated by means of Angle classification and observation of the occurrence of anterior open bite, anterior crossbite, and posterior crossbite. The World Health Organization (WHO) standard clinical record was used. The statistical analyses were performed using the Pearson's chisquare test and the Fisher Exact test. Results: The symptoms of gastrointestinal disorders occurred in 19.8% of the children, constipation being the most cited complaint (9.9%). Gastrointestinal symptoms were not associated with the presence of malocclusions. Anterior crossbite was associated with difficulty in chewing (p<0.05) and the need to ingest liquids during meals (p=0.017). Conclusion: Children with anterior crossbite showed greater mastigatory difficulties when compared to the group without this malocclusion.(AU)

Association between Sense of Coherence and Dental Caries Experience in Adolescents

To analyze the association between sense of coherence and dental caries experience in adolescents. Material and Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted with 100 adolescents aged 11 to 15 years old who were attending the Debora Feijo State School in the city of Recife (Brazil). Information was collected on socio-demographic data ûage, gender, school failure and numberof residents per home. Sense of coherence (SOC) was evaluated using the SOC-13 questionnaire and the dental caries experience was determined using the DMFT index. For statistical analysis, the correlation test of Spearman and the association tests of Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis were used. The significance level was set at 5% (p<0.05). Results:A negative correlation was observed between the SOC and DMFT index (p < 0.001) which indicates that the higher the SOC, the lesser the DMFT. The mean SOC score was greater among adolescents with no dental caries experience. The SOC score was lower among those who failed school more often and those who lived with a greater number of people.Conclusion:The SOC-13 questionnaire can be considered a positive predictor of oral health status, representing an important tool in the establishment of health promotion actions focused on adolescents...

Mandibular asymmetry: A proposal of radiographic analysis with public domain software

OBJECTIVE: This preliminary study aimed to propose a new analysis of digital panoramic radiographs for a differential diagnosis between functional and morphological mandibular asymmetry in children with and without unilateral posterior crossbite. METHODS: Analysis is based on linear and angular measurements taken from nine anatomic points, demarcated in sequence directly on digital images. A specific plug-in was developed as part of a larger public domain image processing software (ImageJ) to automate and facilitate measurements. Since panoramic radiographs are typically subject to magnification differences between the right and left sides, horizontal linear measurements were adjusted for greater accuracy in both sides by means of a Distortion Factor (DF). In order to provide a preliminary assessment of proposed analysis and the developed plug-in, radiographs of ten patients (5 with unilateral posterior crossbite and 5 with normal occlusion) were analyzed. RESULTS: Considerable divergence was found between the right and left sides in the measurements of mandibular length and position of condyles in patients with unilateral posterior crossbite in comparison to individuals with normal occlusion. CONCLUSION: Although there are more effective and accurate diagnostic methods, panoramic radiography is still widespread, especially in emerging countries. This study presented initial evidence that the proposed analysis can be an important resource for planning early orthodontic intervention and, thus, avoid progression of asymmetries and their consequences. .

OBJETIVO: esse estudo preliminar teve como objetivo propor uma nova análise de radiografias panorâmicas digitais para o diagnóstico diferencial entre a assimetria mandibular funcional e morfológica em crianças com e sem mordida cruzada unilateral posterior. MÉTODOS: a análise se baseia em medições lineares e angulares, tomadas a partir de nove pontos anatômicos, demarcados em sequência, diretamente nas imagens digitais. Um plugin específico foi desenvolvido para automatizar e facilitar as medições, como parte integrante de um software de processamento de imagem de domínio público (ImageJ). Para maior acurácia, uma vez que as radiografias panorâmicas são sujeitas a distorções entre os lados direito e esquerdo, as medidas lineares horizontais foram ajustadas em ambos os lados, utilizando-se o Fator de Distorção (DF). A fim de fornecer uma avaliação preliminar da análise proposta e do plugin desenvolvido, radiografias de 10 pacientes (5 com mordida cruzada unilateral posterior e 5 com oclusão normal) foram analisadas. RESULTADOS: divergência considerável foi encontrada entre os lados direito e esquerdo nas medições do comprimento do corpo da mandíbula, bem como a posição dos côndilos, em pacientes com mordida cruzada posterior, em comparação a indivíduos com oclusão normal. CONCLUSÃO: apesar de existirem métodos mais eficazes e precisos de diagnóstico, a radiografia panorâmica ainda é muito difundida, especialmente em países emergentes. Esse estudo apresentou evidência preliminar de que a análise proposta pode ser um recurso importante para o planejamento de intervenção ortodôntica precoce, de modo a evitar progressão das assimetrias e suas consequências. .

Prevalence of non-nutritive sucking habits and its relation with anterior open bite in children seen in the Odontopediatric Clinic of the University of Pernambuco

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this work was to establish the prevalence of non-nutritive sucking habits (pacifier and/or digit sucking) and to assess its relation with anterior open bite. METHODS: The sample consisted of 980 records of children of both genders, with ages between 3 and 12 years, who were treated at the Pediatrics Clinic of the University of Pernambuco (FOP/UPE), from February 2000 trough December 2005, both sexes. Pearson's Chi-square test at 5% level of significance was used for statistical assessment. RESULTS: It was observed that 17,7% of the sample had some habit at the moment of the anamnesis (9,6% of digit sucking habit, 8,8% of pacifier sucking habit and 0,7% of both habits) and that the prevalence of open bite was 20,3%. The prevalence of sucking habits in girls was much higher than in boys (22,6% and 12,9%, respectively) and this difference was statistically significant (p = 0,000). A correlation between habits and open bite was proved statistically (p = 0,000): Children with sucking habits had 8 times more chances of developing anterior open bite. CONCLUSIONS: Anterior open bite was associated to the presence of non nutritive sucking habits; sucking habits were more prevalent in girls and in children between three and six years of age.

Non-nutritive sucking habits, anterior open bite and associated factors in Brazilian children aged 30-59 months

The aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of non-nutritive sucking habits and anterior open bite as well as their main causes (associated factors) in Brazilian children aged 30-59 months. A cross-sectional study was carried out during the National Immunization Day for polio in the city of Recife in the northeastern region of Brazil. The sample was made up of 1,308 children. Data were collected from interviews with mothers or guardians as well as from clinical examinations carried out by previously trained dental students. The chi-square test was used for statistical analysis at 5 percent significance level. The prevalence of non-nutritive sucking habits was 40 percent, and the habits were associated with gender (p=0.001), age (p=0.003) and feeding type (p<0.001). Anterior open bite was detected in 30.4 percent of children, and it was significantly associated with feeding type (p<0.001) and non-nutritive sucking habits (p<0.001). The variables found to be associated factors in the present study for the occurrence of non-nutritive sucking habits and anterior open bite emphasize the need to establish strategies that include orientation regarding health promotion based on the "common determining factors" approach. Public health policies should be adopted to encourage a longer duration of breastfeeding, thereby contributing towards reducing the prevalence of non-nutritive sucking habits and anterior open bite.

O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a prevalência de hábitos de sucção não nutritiva e mordida aberta anterior, assim como, determinar os seus fatores de risco (fatores associados) em crianças brasileiras de 30-59 meses. Um estudo transversal foi realizado durante o Dia Nacional de Vacinação contra a pólio na cidade do Recife, situada na região nordeste do Brasil. A amostra foi composta por 1308 crianças. Os dados foram coletados a partir de entrevistas com as mães ou responsáveis, bem como, de exames clínicos realizados por estudantes de odontologia, previamente treinados. O teste qui-quadrado foi utilizado para análise estatística com nível de significância de 5 por cento. A prevalência de hábitos de sucção não nutritiva foi de 40 por cento, e os hábitos estavam associados com sexo (p=0,001), idade (p=0,003) e tipo de alimentação (p<0,001). A mordida aberta anterior foi detectada em 30,4 por cento das crianças. A mordida aberta anterior foi significativamente associada com o tipo de alimentação (p<0,001) e hábitos de sucção não nutritiva (p<0,001). No presente estudo, as variáveis consideradas fatores associados para a ocorrência de hábitos de sucção não nutritiva e mordida aberta anterior enfatizam a necessidade de estabelecer estratégias que incluam a orientação sobre a promoção da saúde baseada na abordagem dos "fatores de risco comum". Deste modo, as políticas públicas de saúde devem ser adotadas para incentivar uma maior duração do aleitamento materno, contribuindo, assim, para reduzir a prevalência de hábitos de sucção não nutritiva e mordida aberta anterior.

A deposiçäo de fluoreto de cálcio no esmalte dentário humano in vitro após tratamento com soluçöes fluoretadas para bochechos / The calcium fluoride deposition on human dental enamel in vitro after treatment with fluorides solutions for mouthrinse

O objetivo da investigaçäo foi verificar a deposiçäo de fluoreto de cálcio na superfície do esmalte dentário humano in vitro, após tratamento com quatro produtos comerciais, contendo soluçöes para bochechos com fluoreto de sódio a 0,05 por cento. Foram também comparados os resultados decorrentes da aplicaçäo de duas soluçöes de composiçäo similar, mas com diferentes pHs. Todos os produtos foram aplicados por 1 hora e a quantidade de fluoreto de cálcio depositada foi determinada por análise química. Os resultados demonstraram que a quantidade de fluoreto de cálcio depositado foi extremamente reduzida, indicando a possibilidade da interferência de indutores na composiçäo dos produtos. Quando foi observado o comportamento das soluçöes com diferentes pHs, as diferenças na quantidade de fluoreto de cálcio depositada näo foram estatisticamente significativas

Efeito "in vitro" da aplicaçäo tópica de géis fluoretados acidulados sobre a superfície de alguns materiais näo-metálicos utilizados em Odontopediatria / In vitro effects of the topical application of fluoridated acidulated gels in non-metalic materials using in pediatric dentistry

Dois géis fluoretados recomendados para aplicaçäo tópica profissional, lançados recentemente no mercado, foram preconizados para pacientes portadores ou näo de restauraçöes dentárias confeccionadas com porcelana e/ou resina composta. Este trabalho teve como objetivo verificar as conseqüências de sua aplicaçäo sobre alguns materiais näo metálicos, comumente utilizados em Odontopediatria. Corpos de prova receberam aplicaçöes tópicas dos produtos "in vitro", durante 5 minutos e 24 horas. Após tratamento os materiais foram corados, para serem evidenciadas reaçöes ocorrentes em suas superfícies. Os resultados demonstram que o tratamento de 5 minutos näo promoveu reaçäo significante, com excessäo do cimento de ionômero de vidro autopolimerizável. Por outro lado, a aplicaçäo tópica durante 24 horas, de maneira nítida, evidenciou a açäo danosa do tratamento, fato este mais marcante nas resinas compostas, na porcelana e principalmente, no cimento de ionômero de vidro autopolimerizável

Fatores de risco para mordida aberta anterior: um estudo caso-controle / Risk factors for anterior open bite: a case-control study

Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar a influência dos fatores de risco (hábito de sucção, morfologia e padrão de crescimento facial) na etiologia da mordida aberta anterior. Metodologia: Utilizou-se o estudo tipo caso-controle, com uma amostra de 60 crianças, com idade entre 7 e 8 anos, matriculadas nas escolas municipais do Recife-Pe no ano de 2005. Na análise estatística utilizaram-se os testes: t-Student para duas amostras independentes, t-Student de correlação, F (ANOVA) com Tukey, Qui-quadrado de Pearson, a um nível de significância de 5 por cento. Resultados: O percentual de crianças com hábito de sucção foi bem mais elevado entre os casos do que entre os controles (53,3 por cento X 16,7 por cento) mostrando associação significante entre estas variáveis (p=0.003). Estes dados indicaram que as crianças com hábito de sucção tiveram seis vezes mais chance de ter mordida aberta anterior (OR=5,71). A morfologia facial não foi associado à mordida aberta anterior (p=0.846). Não houve diferença estatística entre os casos e os controles em relação às medidas cefalométricas angulares...