Functional analysis of a bitter gustatory receptor highly expressed in the larval maxillary galea of Helicoverpa armigera.

Many plant secondary substances are feeding deterrents for insects and play a key role in the selection of host plants. The taste sensilla of phytophagous insects contain gustatory sensory neurons sensitive to deterrents but the molecular basis of deterrent chemoreception remains unknown. We investigated the function of Gr180, the most highly expressed bitter gustatory receptor in the maxillary galea of Helicoverpa armigera larvae. Functional analyses using the Xenopus oocyte expression system and two-electrode voltage clamp revealed that the oocytes expressing Gr180 responded to coumarin. Tip recording results showed that the medial sensilla styloconica of the maxilla of fifth instar larvae exhibited electrophysiological responses to coumarin. Two-choice feeding bioassays confirmed that coumarin inhibited larval feeding. A homozygous mutant strain of H. armigera with truncated Gr180 proteins (Gr180-/-) was established using the CRISPR-Cas9 system. The responses of the medial sensilla styloconica in Gr180-/- to coumarin were almost abolished, and the responses to sinigrin and strychnine were also significantly decreased. Knockout of Gr180 alleviated the feeding deterrent effects of coumarin, sinigrin, and strychnine. Thus, we conclude that Gr180 is a receptor responding to coumarin,and also participates in sensing sinigrin and strychnine. These results enhance our understanding of the gustatory sensing mechanisms of phytophagous insects to deterrents.

Turn-off enzyme activity of histidine-rich peptides for the detection of lysozyme.

An assay that integrates histidine-rich peptides (HisRPs) with high-affinity aptamers was developed enabling the specific and sensitive determination of the target lysozyme. The enzyme-like activity of HisRP is inhibited by its interaction with a target recognized by an aptamer. In the presence of the target, lysozyme molecules progressively assemble on the surface of HisRP in a concentration-dependent manner, resulting in the gradual suppression of enzyme-like activity. This inhibition of HisRP's enzyme-like activity can be visually observed through color changes in the reaction product or quantified using UV-visible absorption spectroscopy. Under optimal conditions, the proposed colorimetric assay for lysozyme had a detection limit as low as 1 nM and exhibited excellent selectivity against other nonspecific interferents. Furthermore, subsequent research validated the practical applicability of the developed colorimetric approach to saliva samples, indicating that the assay holds significant potential for the detection of lysozymes in samples derived from humans.

Risk factors for midcourse correction during treatment of first series of aligners with Invisalign.

INTRODUCTION: This study aimed to analyze risk factors for midcourse correction (MC) during the first series of aligners in treatments with Invisalign (Align Technology, Santa Clara, Calif). METHODS: Three hundred and fourteen patients treated with Invisalign were divided into MC and non-midcourse correction groups according to whether they completed the first series of aligners. Differences between these groups were compared with independent sample t tests, chi-square tests, and Wilcoxon rank sum tests. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify independent risk factors, including gender, age, extraction treatment, interproximal reduction, correction steps (steps in first series treatment), overbite, overjet, the curve of Spee, Angle classification, and crowding. RESULTS: The percentage of females (86.3%), Angle Class I malocclusion (62.4%), and nonextraction (56.1%) was relatively higher in all 314 patients. More than half of the patients (73.6%) completed the first series of aligners. Differences between the groups in the number of patients with extraction, correction steps, and the curve of Spee were significant (P <0.05). The proportions of MC were 41.3% and 14.8% in extraction and nonextraction patients, respectively. More initially planned correction steps were seen in the MC group (53.4 ± 15.6 steps). Extraction (adjusted odds ratio, 0.375; P = 0.001) and correction steps (adjusted odds ratio, 1.06; P <0.001) were independent risk factors for MC. CONCLUSIONS: Extraction and the number of initially planned correction steps are independent risk factors for MC. In patients with complex dentofacial abnormalities, such as extraction, MC may be needed to achieve predicted changes.

Self-Assembled Metal-Organic Framework Stabilized Organic Cocrystals for Biological Phototherapy.

Organic self-assembled co-crystals have garnered considerable attention due to their facile synthesis and intriguing properties, but supramolecular interactions restrict their stability in aqueous solution, which is especially important for biological applications. Herein, we report on the first biological application of aqueous dispersible self-assembled organic co-crystals via the construction of metal-organic framework (MOF) -stabilized co-crystals. In particular, we built an electron-deficient MOF with naphthalene diimide (NDI) as the ligand and biocompatible Ca2+ as the metal nodes. An electron donor molecule, pyrene, was encapsulated to form the host-guest MOF self-assembled co-crystal. We observed that such MOF structure leads to uniquely high-density ordered arrangement and the close intermolecular distance (3.47 Å) of the charge transfer pairs. Hence, the concomitant superior charge transfer interaction between pyrene/NDI can be attained and the resultant photothermal conversion efficiency of Py@Ca-NDI in aqueous solution can thus reach up to 41.8 %, which, to the best of our knowledge, is the highest value among the reported organic co-crystal materials; it is also much higher than that of the FDA approved photothermal agent ICG as well as most of the reported MOFs. Based on this realization, as a proof of concept, we demonstrated that such a self-assembled organic co-crystal platform can be used in biological applications that are exemplified via highly effective long wavelength light photothermal therapy.

Ferrocene Functionalized Upconversion Nanoparticle Nanosystem with Efficient Near-Infrared-Light-Promoted Fenton-Like Reaction for Tumor Growth Suppression.

By taking advantage of the efficient Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) between near-infrared (NIR)-responsive lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) and Fenton reagent ferrocenyl compounds (Fc), a series of Fc-UCNPs was designed by functionalizing NaYF4:Yb,Tm nanoparticles with Fc1-Fc5 via surface-coordination chemistry. Fc-UCNP-Lipo nanosystems were then constructed by encapsulating Fc-UCNP inside liposomes for efficient delivery. Fc-UCNP can effectively release ·OH via a NIR-promoted Fenton-like reaction. In vitro and in vivo studies of Fc1-UCNP-Lipo confirmed the preferential accumulation in a tumor site followed by an enhanced uptake of cancer cells. After cellular internalization, the released Fc1-UCNP can effectively promote ·OH generation for tumor growth suppression. Such a Fc1-UCNP-Lipo nanosystem exhibits advantages such as easy fabrication, low drug dosage, and no ferrous ion release.

Inhibitory Effect of Depolymerized Sulfated Galactans from Marine Red Algae on the Growth and Adhesion of Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli.

Active polysaccharides as safe and natural polymers against bacterial diarrhea have been reconsidered as an alternative to antibiotics. This work investigated the inhibiting effect of depolymerized sulfated galactans from Eucheuma serra and Gracilaria verrucosa on the growth and adhesion of diarrheagenic enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) K88. Results showed that the sulfated polysaccharides with molecular weight distribution ≤20.0 kDa exhibited antibacterial activity against ETEC K88. A structure-activity study revealed that the anti-ETEC K88 activity of sulfated polysaccharides is strictly determined by their molecular weight distribution, sulfate group content, and monosaccharide composition. In addition, the promoted nucleic acid release and the fluorescence quenching of membrane proteins were observed after the treatment with selected polysaccharides. Scanning electron microscopy further confirmed that the depolymerized sulfated galactans can effectively inhibit ETEC K88 adhesion. In conclusion, depolymerized sulfated galactans exhibited an inhibitory effect on the growth and adhesion of ETEC K88.

Reversing the direction of galvanotaxis with controlled increases in boundary layer viscosity.

Weak external electric fields (EFs) polarize cellular structure and direct most migrating cells (galvanotaxis) toward the cathode, making it a useful tool during tissue engineering and for healing epidermal wounds. However, the biophysical mechanisms for sensing weak EFs remain elusive. We have reinvestigated the mechanism of cathode-directed water flow (electro-osmosis) in the boundary layer of cells, by reducing it with neutral, viscous polymers. We report that increasing viscosity with low molecular weight polymers decreases cathodal migration and promotes anodal migration in a concentration dependent manner. In contrast, increased viscosity with high molecular weight polymers does not affect directionality. We explain the contradictory results in terms of porosity and hydraulic permeability between the polymers rather than in terms of bulk viscosity. These results provide the first evidence for controlled reversal of galvanotaxis using viscous agents and position the field closer to identifying the putative electric field receptor, a fundamental, outside-in signaling receptor that controls cellular polarity for different cell types.

Expanding Anti-Stokes Shifting in Triplet-Triplet Annihilation Upconversion for In†Vivo Anticancer Prodrug Activation.

A strategy to expand anti-Stokes shifting from the far-red to deep-blue region in metal-free triplet-triplet annihilation upconversion (TTA-UC) is presented. The method is demonstrated by in vivo titration of the photorelease of an anticancer prodrug. This new TTA system has robust brightness and the longest anti-Stokes shift of any reported TTA system. TTA core-shell-structured prodrug delivery capsules that benefit from these properties were developed; they can operate with low-power density far-red light-emitting diode light. These capsules contain mesoporous silica nanoparticles preloaded with TTA molecules as the core, and amphiphilic polymers encapsulating anticancer prodrug molecules as the shell. When stimulated by far-red light, the intense TTA upconversion blue emission in the system activates the anticancer prodrug molecules and shows effective tumor growth inhibition in vivo. This work paves the way to new organic TTA upconversion techniques that are applicable to in vivo photocontrollable drug release and other biophotonic applications.

Synthesis and evaluation of selegiline derivatives as monoamine oxidase inhibitor, antioxidant and metal chelator against Alzheimer's disease.

A series of compounds with monoamine oxidase inhibition and biometal chelation activities were designed, synthesised and evaluated as agents against Alzheimer's disease. The in vitro assay shows that most target compounds exhibit good MAO-B activities with submicromolar IC50 values and antioxidant activity (1.49-5.67 ORAC-FL values). The selected compounds were used to determine the biometal chelating ability using UV-vis spectrometry and high-resolution mass spectrometry, which confirm that they can effectively interact with copper(II), iron(II) and zinc(II). The ThT fluorescence binding assay indicates that the synthetic compounds can inhibit Cu(II)-induced Aß1-42 aggregation. The parallel artificial membrane permeation assay shows that most target compounds can cross the BBB. Based on these results, compound 8a was selected as a potential multifunctional agent for the treatment of AD.

Nanostructured titanate with different metal ions on the surface of metallic titanium: a facile approach for regulation of rBMSCs fate on titanium implants.

Titanium (Ti) is widely used for load-bearing bio-implants, however, it is bio-inert and exhibits poor osteo-inductive properties. Calcium and magnesium ions are considered to be involved in bone metabolism and play a physiological role in the angiogenesis, growth, and mineralization of bone tissue. In this study, a facile synthesis approach to the in situ construction of a nanostructure enriched with Ca(2+) and Mg(2+) on the surface of titanium foil is proposed by inserting Ca(2+) and Mg(2+) into the interlayers of sodium titanate nanostructures through an ion-substitution process. The characteriz 0.67, and 0.73 nm ation results validate that cations can be inserted into the interlayer regions of the layered nanostructure without any obvious change of morphology. The cation content is positively correlated to the concentration of the solutions employed. The biological assessments indicate that the type and the amount of cations in the titanate nanostructure can alter the bioactivity of titanium implants. Compared with a Na(+) filled titanate nanostructure, the incorporation of divalent ions (Mg(2+) , Ca(2+) ) can effectively enhance protein adsorption, and thus also enhance the adhesion and differentiation ability of rat bone-marrow stem cells (rBMSCs). The Mg(2+) /Ca(2+) -titanate nanostructure is a promising implantable material that will be widely applicable in artificial bones, joints, and dental implants.

Synthesis and biological evaluation of a new series of ebselen derivatives as glutathione peroxidase (GPx) mimics and cholinesterase inhibitors against Alzheimer's disease.

A series of ebselen derivatives were designed, synthesised and evaluated as inhibitors of cholinesterases (ChEs) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) mimics. Most of the compounds were found to be potent against AChEs and BuChE, compounds 5e and 5i, proved to be the most potent against AChE with IC50 values of 0.76 and 0.46 µM, respectively. Among these hybrids, most of the compounds were found to be good GPx mimics compare with ebselen. The selected compounds 5e and 5i were also used to determine the catalytic parameters and in vitro hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity. The results indicate that compounds 5e and 5i may be excellent multifunctional agents for the treatment of AD.

Establishing a human-induced pluripotent stem cell line (SMUSHi003-A) from a patient with Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis.

INF2 mutations cause Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT), and /or focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) in an autosomal dominant inheritance mode, whose underlying mechanism remainsunclear. Here, we report the generation of an iPSC line from a female patient with CMT and FSGS. The iPSC line from the patient's PBMCscarried aheterozygous INF2 deletion mutation (c.315_323delGCGCGCCGT) within the conserved E2. This line exhibited a normal karyotype, high expression of pluripotency markers, and trilineage differentiation potential. This line can be used to dissect the complex pathomechanism through further induction of differentiation into related cells and as a drug screening tool for INF2-associated diseases.

[Meta-analysis of autologous bone grafts and bone substitute for the treatment of tibial plateau fractures].

OBJECTIVE: To explore clinical efficacy of autologous bone grafts and bone substitute for the treatment of tibial plateau fractures by Meta analysis. METHODS: Controlled clinical studies on autogenous bone transplantation and bone substitutes in treating tibial plateau fractures published on PubMed,Web of Science,CNKI,Wanfang and other databases from January 2005 to August 2022 were searched by computer. Literature screening and data extraction were performed according to randomized controlled trial(RCT),and the quality of RCT were evaluated by using intervention meta-analysis criteria in Cochrane manual. Meta-analysis of joint depression,secondary collapse rate of articular surface,blood loss,operative time and infection rate between two methods were performed by Rev Man 5.3 software. RESULTS: Seven RCT studies (424 patients) were included,296 patients in bone replacement group and 128 patients in autograft group. Operative time [MD=-16.79,95%CI(-25.72,-7.85),P=0.000 2] and blood loss[MD=-70.49,95%CI(-79.34,-61.65),P<0.000 01] between two groups had statistically differences,while joint depression[MD=-0.17,95%CI(-0.91,0.58),P=0.66],secondary collapse rate of joint surface[RR=-0.74, 95%CI(0.35,1.57),P=0.43],infection rate [RR=1.21,95%CI(0.31,4.70),P=0.78] between two groups had no differences. CONCLUSION: The effects of bone substitute and autograft for the treatment of tibial plateau fracture have similar effects in terms of joint depression,secondary articular surface collapse rate and infection rate. However,compared with autologous bone transplantation,bone replacement could reduce blood loss and shorten operation time.

Polystyrene microplastics induce anxiety via HRAS derived PERK-NF-κB pathway.

Exposure to environmentally hazardous substances is recognized as a significant risk factor for neurological associated disorders. Among these substances, polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs), widely utilized in various consumer products, have been reported to exhibit neurotoxicity. However, the potential association of PS-MPs with abnormal anxiety behaviors, along with the underlying molecular mechanisms and key proteins involved, remains insufficiently explored. Here, we delineated the potential mechanisms of PS-MPs-induced anxiety through proteomics and molecular investigations. We characterized the PS-MPs, observed their accumulation in the brain, leading to anxiety-like behavior in mice, which is correlated with microglia activation and pro-inflammatory response. Consistent with these findings, our studies on BV2 microglia cells showed that PS-MPs activated NF-κB-mediated inflammation resulting in the upregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNFα and IL-1ß. Of particular significance, HRAS was identified as a key factor in the PS-MPs induced pro-inflammatory response through whole proteomics analysis, and knockdown of H-ras effectively inhibited PS-MPs induced PERK-NF-κB activation and associated pro-inflammatory response in microglia cells. Collectively, our findings highlight that PS-MPs induce anxiety of mice via the activation of the HRAS-derived PERK-NF-κB pathway in microlglia. Our results contribute valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms of PS-MPs-induced anxiety, and may offer implications for addressing neurotoxicity and prevention the adverse effects of environmentally hazardous substances, including microplastics.

[Meta-analysis of different joint interfaces in total hip arthroplasty under long-term follow-up].

OBJECTIVE: To compare the long-term follow-up effect and complications of ceramic on ceramic (CoC) interface and ceramic on polyethyleneon ceramic (CoP) interface in primary total hip arthroplasty, and provide clinical evidence. METHODS: Search PubMed, EMBase, the CoChrane Library databases, Web of science, Wanfang database, and CNKI from January 2000 to September 2021, screening and inclusion of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing the long-term efficacy and complications of CoC interface and CoP interface in total hip arthroplasty. Literature screening, quality evaluation and data extraction were carried out according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, using Review Manager 5.3 statistical software. The software was used to perform statistical analysis on joint function, revision, prosthesis fracture, abnormal joint noise, and prosthesis wear rate after CoC or CoP. RESULTS: Seven RCTs studies were included, including 390 cases of hips with CoC artificial joints and 384 cases of hips with CoP artificial joints. The long-term joint function improvement of CoC and CoP artificial joints was similar and there was no significant differences, with an average difference was MD=0.63, 95%CI=(-1.81, 3.07), P=0.61. About the postoperative complications, CoC artificial joints have higher incidence rate of abnormal joint noise, with odds ratio (OR)=11.05, 95%CI=(2.04, 59.84), P=0.005. CoP artificial joints wear faster, with an average MD=-87.11, 95%CI=(-114.40, -59.82), P<0.000 1. There was no significant difference between the two groups in the replacement-related complications such as joint dislocation, prosthesis loosening, osteolysis, and the rate of prosthesis revision caused by various reasons. CONCLUSION: The clinical function results and complications of CoC artificial joints are comparable to those of CoP artificial joints. Although CoP artificial joint prosthesis has a faster wear rate, it does not affect joint function and increase complications, and there is no abnormal joint noise. CoC is expensive and the long-term efficacy is equivalent to CoP. Clinicians should consider cost performance when choosing CoC.

Biomechanical evaluation of bridge span with three implant abutment designs and two connectors for tooth-implant supported prosthesis: A finite element analysis.

Background/purpose: Bridge stability under loading was influenced by bridge span with the connector and implant abutment design. Thus, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of rigid and non-rigid connector designs and pontic connections of different abutment systems in the tooth-implant supported prosthesis (TISP) at different span distances on the biomechanical stress distribution of the overall system components. Materials and methods: For comparative analysis, rigid and non-rigid bridge connections were fitted with three implant abutment systems (one-piece, two-piece and three-piece), and five implant-to-natural tooth distance configurations (12 mm, 14 mm, 16 mm, 18 mm, and 20 mm) were provided. Results: The maximum stress between TISP components occurred at the distal side of crown margin of cement1 in rigid connector with one-piece group and the bottom of the crown3 in non-rigid connector with one-piece group, while the other groups were more concentrated at the junction between the mesial side of the implant collar and the abutment. In addition, neither the rigid nor non-rigid connector model showed that stress distribution increased proportionally with the bridge span distance. Conclusion: It was clinically recommended that if the implant with a shorter bridge distance of 12 mm from the natural tooth, the rigid connection of the three-piece abutment can be used as the TISP design. If the bridge distance was 18 mm longer, the non-rigid connection of the three-piece abutment could maintain the physiological movement of the natural tooth and avoid the excessive stress on the bone crest around the implant.

Cellulose nanofiber/MXene/luffa aerogel for all-weather and high-efficiency cleanup of crude oil spills.

The remediation of heavy crude oil spills is a global challenge because frequent crude oil spills cause long-term damage to local living beings and marine ecosystems. Herein, a solar-driven and Joule-driven self-heated aerogel were developed as an all-weather adsorbent to efficiently absorb crude oil by obviously decreasing the viscosity of crude oil. The cellulose nanofiber (CNF)/MXene/luffa (CML) aerogel was fabricated via a simple freeze-drying method using CNF, MXene, and luffa as raw materials, and then coated with a layer of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) to make it hydrophobic and further increase oil-water selectivity. The aerogel can quickly reach 98 °C under 1 sun (1.0 kW/m2), which remains saturated temperature after 5 times photothermal heating/cooling cycles, indicating that the aerogel has great photothermal conversation capability and stability. Meanwhile, the aerogel can also rapidly rise to 110.8 °C with a voltage of 12 V. More importantly, the aerogel achieved the highest temperature of 87.2 °C under outdoor natural sunlight, providing a possibility for promising applications in practical situations. The remarkable heating capability enables the aerogel to decrease the viscosity of crude oil substantially and increase the absorption rate of crude oil by the physical capillary action. The proposed all-weather aerogel design provides a sustainable and promising solution for cleaning up crude oil spills.

A flexible liposomal polymer complex as a platform of specific and regulable immune regulation for individual cancer immunotherapy.

BACKGROUND: The applicability and therapeutic efficacy of specific personalized immunotherapy for cancer patients is limited by the genetic diversity of the host or the tumor. Side-effects such as immune-related adverse events (IRAEs) derived from the administration of immunotherapy have also been observed. Therefore, regulatory immunotherapy is required for cancer patients and should be developed. METHODS: The cationic lipo-PEG-PEI complex (LPPC) can stably and irreplaceably adsorb various proteins on its surface without covalent linkage, and the bound proteins maintain their original functions. In this study, LPPC was developed as an immunoregulatory platform for personalized immunotherapy for tumors to address the barriers related to the heterogenetic characteristics of MHC molecules or tumor associated antigens (TAAs) in the patient population. Here, the immune-suppressive and highly metastatic melanoma, B16F10 cells were used to examine the effects of this platform. Adsorption of anti-CD3 antibodies, HLA-A2/peptide, or dendritic cells' membrane proteins (MP) could flexibly provide pan-T-cell responses, specific Th1 responses, or specific Th1 and Th2 responses, depending on the host needs. Furthermore, with regulatory antibodies, the immuno-LPPC complex properly mediated immune responses by adsorbing positive or negative antibodies, such as anti-CD28 or anti-CTLA4 antibodies. RESULTS: The results clearly showed that treatment with LPPC/MP/CD28 complexes activated specific Th1 and Th2 responses, including cytokine release, CTL and prevented T-cell apoptosis. Moreover, LPPC/MP/CD28 complexes could eliminate metastatic B16F10 melanoma cells in the lung more efficiently than LPPC/MP. Interestingly, the melanoma resistance of mice treated with LPPC/MP/CD28 complexes would be reversed to susceptible after administration with LPPC/MP/CTLA4 complexes. NGS data revealed that LPPC/MP/CD28 complexes could enhance the gene expression of cytokine and chemokine pathways to strengthen immune activation than LPPC/MP, and that LPPC/MP/CTLA4 could abolish the LPPC/MP complex-mediated gene expression back to un-treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, we proved a convenient and flexible immunotherapy platform for developing personalized cancer therapy.

Semiconducting and conducting transition of covalent-organic polymers induced by defects.

The chemical doping method is often adopted to obtain metal-free conducting materials. To date, it is still a great challenge to controllably prepare metal-free semiconducting and conducting materials by tuning the inherent structure of a material. In this work, a class of novel one-dimensional (1D) covalent-organic polymer (COP) has been designed, whose cross-sections are triangular, tetragonal, pentagonal and hexagonal, and their electronic properties are explored. The tetragonal 1D COP exhibits unique phenomena in electronic properties, i.e. the tetragonal COPs with mono- or trilayer defects (odd defects) show semiconducting properties, while they become conductors for the two cases of non- or bilayer defects (even defects). This observation indicates that they comply with the characteristics of semiconducting and conducting switches induced by the odd-even defects. Therefore, we infer that for the tetragonal configuration, the odd-even defects could potentially manipulate the electrical behavior of the COP material. The discovery provides a new direction for the targeted synthesis of semiconducting and conducting materials by tuning the inherent structure of materials, which is entirely different from the chemical doping method yielding metal-free conducting materials.

Cellulose nanofiber/molybdenum disulfide aerogels for ultrahigh photothermal effect.

The photothermal materials have a broad range of applications in crude oil spills treatment, desalination, and photothermal therapy. However, the rational construction of aerogels with exceptional photothermal performance is highly desired yet still challenging. Herein, a class of stable aerogels comprised of molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) nanoflowers and cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) was fabricated, affording extraordinary light-to-heat energy conversion capability. Benefiting from the intercalated porous structure, the resultant cellulose nanofibers/molybdenum disulfide (CNF/MoS2) aerogels deliver an ultrahigh temperature output up to 260.4 °C with near infrared (NIR) laser power densities of 0.8 W cm-2. Remarkably, when NIR laser power density increased to 1.0 W cm-2, the aerogels began to burn, achieving the superhigh surface temperature of âˆ¼ 690 °C. The combustion process of CNF/MoS2 composite aerogels was evaluated in detail. Therefore, this work provides experiment evidence and theoretical basis for the rational applications of photothermal materials at high temperature in future.