Midface Rejuvenation With Autologous Fat Grafting.

BACKGROUND: Midface rejuvenation is important to restore a youthful and appealing appearance. However, there are several problems existed in the treatment of fat grafting, including low fat retention and undesired aesthetic outcomes. OBJECTIVE: To objectively evaluate the efficacy of midface fat grafting, and analyze the problems encountered in this process to increase patient satisfaction. METHODS: Thirty-two patients who underwent autologous fat grafting for midface augmentation were included. Facial analysis was performed based on preoperative and postoperative photographs. Satisfaction outcome was assessed by the patient, the surgeon, and a layperson postoperatively. RESULTS: After treatment, 87.5% of the patients were assessed as satisfactory and mostly satisfactory based on facial proportion and complications. The postoperative medial cheek projection was 1.92±0.26 times the height of the preoperative one ( P <0.01). A smooth lid-cheek junction, a single convex, and ameliorated nasolabial groove were obtained. The dark coloration and wrinkles in lower eyelid were improved. The most common complication was overcorrection, which could be resolved with further treatments. CONCLUSIONS: Autologous fat grafting remains an optimal option for midface rejuvenation with satisfactory results. Most of the complications are preventable and optimal outcomes can be obtained through correct comprehension of aesthetic features and proper operations.

Novel method for correcting cephalic rotation in Asian nasal tip plasty.

BACKGROUND: To correct nasal tip cephalic rotation, SEG made of cartilage or Medpor are often used in rhinoplasty. These techniques require extensive experience for the surgeon, and not all patients can accept this procedure. In this research, we introduce a new method to correct nasal tip cephalic rotation that is relatively simple and rapid. METHODS: Fifty-nine patients who had rhinoplasty using our scaffold were enrolled in the study between January 2020 and January 2021. The authors evaluated the change of nasolabial angel by photogrammetry using standardized clinical photogrammetric techniques. Patients' satisfaction regarding postoperative results was also surveyed. RESULTS: The mean postoperative follow-up duration was 12 months. No complication (infection, extrusion, and displacement) was happened in all patients. Analysis showed our scaffold can correct nasal tip cephalic rotation effectively (98.61±1.21 preoperatively and 89.68±0.99 postoperatively, P<0.0001). And the patient satisfaction rate is 98%. CONCLUSION: We constructed an integrated scaffold by simply folding and suturing a high-density polyethylene sheet (Su-Por) sheet to correct nasal tip cephalic rotation. Using the scaffold we designed, we did not need to alter the structure of the nasal septum, which reduced the operative duration and simplified the surgical procedure.

High-activity and excellent-reusability γ-Fe2O3/SiO2 coating on TC4 titanium alloy by plasma electrolytic oxidation for enhanced photo-Fenton degradation.

The immobilized coatings as a kind of promising Fenton-like catalysts with excellent performance and reusability for the efficient degradation of antibiotics and phenol under solar light irradiation is investigated. Herein, the porous γ-Fe2O3/SiO2 immobilized ceramic coating on TC4 titanium alloy as photo-Fenton catalyst was prepared via plasma electrolytic oxidation technology. The as-obtained immobilized coating manifested a remarkable catalytic activity that the removal efficiencies of phenol and various antibiotics could reach more than 92% within 90 min, and presented excellent reusability after six runs in phenol removal. The high activity and excellent reusability of γ-Fe2O3 were attributed to the synergistic effect of multiple pathways to jointly produce abundant •OH, and the combination of γ-Fe2O3 and SiO2 in the coating could effectively reduce iron leaching during the heterogeneous photo-Fenton process, respectively. This work provides a novel strategy for the synthesis of high-performance photo-Fenton catalysts to dispose of wastewater in the future.

Preparation of immobilized coating Fenton-like catalyst for high efficient degradation of phenol.

In this study, solid acid amorphous Fe3O4/SiO2 ceramic coating decorated with sulfur on Q235 carbon steel as Fenton-like catalyst for phenol degradation was successfully prepared by plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) in silicate electrolyte containing Na2S2O8 as sulfur source. The surface morphology and phase composition were characterized by SEM, EDS, XRD and XPS analyses. NH3-TPD was used to evaluate surface acidity of PEO coating. The results indicated that sulfur decorated amorphous Fe3O4/SiO2 ceramic coatings with porous structure and higher acid strength had the similar pore size and the surface became more and more uneven with the increase of Na2S2O8 in the silicate electrolyte. The Fenton-like catalytic activity of sulfur decorated PEO coatings was also evaluated. In contrast to negligible catalytic activity of sulfur undecorated PEO coating, catalytic activity of sulfur decorated PEO coating was excellent and PEO coating prepared with 3.0 g Na2S2O8 had the highest catalytic activity which could degrade 99% of phenol within 8 min under circumneutral pH. The outstanding performance of sulfur decorated PEO coating was attributed to strong acidic microenvironment and more Fe2+ on the surface. The strong acid sites played a key factor in determining catalytic activity of catalyst. In conclusion, rapid phenol removal under circumneutral pH and easier separation endowed it potential application in wastewater treatment. In addition, this strategy of preparing immobilized solid acid coating could provide guidance for designing Fenton-like catalyst with excellent catalytic activity and easier separation.

A Fe3O4/FeAl2O4 composite coating via plasma electrolytic oxidation on Q235 carbon steel for Fenton-like degradation of phenol.

The Fe3O4/FeAl2O4 composite coatings were successfully fabricated on Q235 carbon steel by plasma electrolytic oxidation technique and used to degrade phenol by Fenton-like system. XRD, SEM, and XPS indicated that Fe3O4 and FeAl2O4 composite coating had a hierarchical porous structure. The effects of various parameters such as pH, phenol concentration, and H2O2 dosage on catalytic activity were investigated. The results indicated that with increasing of pH and phenol content, the phenol degradation efficiency was reduced significantly. However, the degradation rate was improved with the addition of H2O2, but dropped with further increasing of H2O2. Moreover, 100 % removal efficiency with 35 mg/L phenol was obtained within 60 min at 303 K and pH 4.0 with 6.0 mmol/L H2O2 on 6-cm(2) iron oxide coating. The degradation process consisted of induction period and rapid degradation period; both of them followed pseudo-first-order reaction. Hydroxyl radicals were the mainly oxidizing species during phenol degradation by using n-butanol as hydroxyl radical scavenger. Based on Fe leaching and the reaction kinetics, a possible phenol degradation mechanism was proposed. The catalyst exhibited excellent stability.

The formation mechanism of the beta-TCP phase in synthetic fluorohydroxyapatite with different fluorine contents.

Synthetic hydroxyapatite (HAP) and fluorohydroxyapatite (F(x)AP) products may form the beta-tricalcium phosphate (beta-TCP) phase in a calcination process. The beta-TCP phase has a greater tendency for degradation in vivo than HAP and F(x)AP. Hence, controlling the content of the beta-TCP phase in the apatite is a pivotal factor to affect their lifetime and stability in vivo. It is particularly important to explore the formation mechanism of the beta-TCP phase in synthetic apatite. In this work, F(x)AP products with a chemical composition of Ca(10)(PO(4))(6)(OH)(2-x)F(x) are synthesized, with x = 0, 0.4, 0.8, 1.2, 1.6 and 2.0, using a precipitation method and a calcination process. The effect of fluorine substitution for hydroxyl is investigated by using x-ray diffraction analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and thermogravimetry and differential thermal analysis. The results show that addition of fluorine forms F(x)AP that exhibits high thermal stability. The beta-TCP phase produced as a result of the structural refinement by heat treatment is gradually reduced and dramatically suppressed with the fluorine content.

Microporous Ni-doped TiO2 film photocatalyst by plasma electrolytic oxidation.

Ni-doped TiO2 film catalysts were prepared by a plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) method and were mainly characterized by means of SEM, EDS, XRD, XPS, and DRS, respectively. The effects of Ni doping on the structure, composition and optical absorption property of the film catalysts were investigated along with their inherent relationships. The results show that the film catalyst is composed of anatase and rutile TiO2 with microporous structure. Doping Ni changes the phase composition and the lattice parameters (interplanar crystal spacing and cell volume) of the films. The optical absorption range of TiO2 film gradually expands and shifts to the red with increasing dosages. Both direct and indirect transition band gaps of the TiO2 films are deduced consequently. Moreover, the photocatalytic activity of the film catalysts for splitting Na2S+Na2SO3 solution into H2 is enhanced by doping with an appropriate amount of Ni. The as-prepared TiO2 film catalyst doping with 10 g/L of Ni(Ac)2 presents the highest photocatalytic reducing activity.