Extended Maxillary Osteotomy Guide: A Design That Allows Manipulation of the Osteotomy Direction on the Posterior and Inner Walls of the Maxilla.

PURPOSE: Design an extended osteotomy guide (EOG) for Le Fort I osteotomy to improve the safety of surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The digital Le Fort I osteotomy guide was designed in MIMICS 23.0. Twenty-eight patients were randomized into 2 groups. Patients in the experimental group used EOG, and patients in the control group used a traditional osteotomy guide (TOG). Virtual designs and actual postoperative outcomes were compared by cone-beam computed tomography. The safety of the operation was confirmed by the accuracy of the osteotomy direction and depth on the inner and posterior walls of the maxilla. RESULTS: All positioning deviations of both osteotomy guides were <0.3 mm (P>0.05). The osteotomy depths on the inner and posterior walls with the EOG and TOG deviated by 0.789±1.179 and 1.811±1.345 mm (P=0.004) and 0.648±0.999 and 1.262±0.942 mm (P=0.030), respectively. The angles of deviation of the osteotomy direction on the inner and posterior walls by the EOG and TOG were 2.025±2.434 and 5.069±2.391 degrees (P<0.001) and 2.772±2.979 and 8.653±4.690 degrees (P<0.001), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The EOG was more accurate than TOG for manipulating osteotomy direction and depth on the inner and posterior maxillary walls. Thus, EOG could ensure higher surgical safety than TOG.

One-Pot Fabrication of Hierarchically Bicontinuous Polystyrene Monoliths with Homogeneous Skeletons and Glycopolymer Surfaces.

The hierarchically bicontinuous polystyrene monoliths (HBPMs) with homogeneous skeletons and glycopolymer surfaces are fabricated for the first time based on the medium internal phase emulsion (MIPE) templating method via activator generated by electron transfer for atom transfer radical polymerization (AGET ATRP). The synergistic self-assembly of amphiphilic diblock glycopolymer (ADG) and Pluronic F127 (PF127) at the oil/water interface via hydrogen bonding interaction contributes to the formation of bicontinuous MIPE with deformed neighboring water droplets, resulting in the highly interconnected HBPM after polymerization. There is a bimodal pore size distribution in the HBPM, that is, through pores (150-5000 nm) and mesopores (10-150 nm). The HBPMs as prepared show excellent biocompatibility, homogeneous skeletons, strong mechanical strength, and high bed permeability, overcoming the practical limitations of the second generation of polystyrene (PS) monoliths. Glycoprotein concanavalin A (Con A) can be easily and quickly separated by the HBPM in hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC) mode. These results suggest the HBPMs have great potentials in catalysis, separations, and biomedical applications.

A new partial trisomy 12p with artery catheter vagus, congenital cataracts, external auditory canal, and no turbinate.

We describe the prenatal diagnosis and fetal phenotype of partial trisomy 12 (p12-pter) transmitted from a maternal reciprocal translocation 6;12. Genetic analysis was conducted on umbilical cord blood for a fetus accompanied with tricuspid regurgitation and orbital hypertelorism from a 27-year-old gravida 4, para 1 after sonography at gestation 35 weeks. The karyotype was unusual, with 46, XY, der (6), t (6;12) (p24; p12) mat. The pregnancy was terminated at 37 gestational weeks. The aborted fetus displayed dysmorphic features of a round flat face with prominent cheeks and high forehead, hypertelorism, short nose, broad and depressed nasal bridge, anteverted nares, deformed philtrum, open mouth, thin upper vermilion and broad everted lower lip, low-set ears and aural atresia, broad hands with simian creases, and a short neck. Fetal anatomy showed right artery catheter vagus, congenital cataract, no turbinate and external auditory canals. Through karyotype-phenotype analysis of this patient and a review of other reported cases, we believe this is a first report that expands the database of partial trisomy 12p, and is beneficial for future clinical genetic counseling. This study supports that phenotypic variability depends on the type and extent of the associated partial monosomy.