Imaginology Tridimensional Study of Temporomandibular Joint Osseous Components According to Sagittal Skeletal Relationship, Sex, and Age.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) osseous components morphology and the condyle position in patients with different sagittal skeletal relationships, sex, and age, using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). METHODS: The CBCT images of 180 asymptomatic patients (60 class I, 60 class II, and 60 class III) were assessed retrospectively. Groups were also divided according to age (<40 years, n = 90; ≥40 years, n = 90) and sex (male, n = 90; female, n = 90). Right- and left-sided TMJ spaces, articular eminence inclination (AEI) and height (AEH), thickness of the roof of the glenoid fossa (TRGF) and the anteroposterior position of the condyle in glenoid fossa were evaluated. Differences were tested using the analysis of variance, Tukey and t-tests (P < 0.05). RESULTS: For condylar position, no differences were found between sex and age groups, but spatial differences existed among skeletal classes. Significant differences were found between the right and left angular position in patients with malocclusion. Class II individuals presented lower anterior articular spaces. The condyle-glenoid fossa relationship presented a moderate correlation of bilaterality. The AEI and AEH were significant lower in class III individuals and class I patients presented the lowest values for TRGF. The values of AEH, TRGF and of all joint spaces of males were higher. In individuals over the age of 40 years, the AEI and AEH measurements were significant greater. CONCLUSION: Sagittal skeletal relationships have a significant effect on condyle position, AEI, and AEH. The eminence inclination and height and TRGF are influenced by sex and age.

Evaluation of ortogonblender software bone movement tools in bimaxillary orthognatic surgeries performed in dolphin software.

The aim of this observational, longitudinal and retrospective study was to evaluate the fidelity of virtual surgical planning (VSP) performed on Dolphin Imaging & Management Solutions® 11.95 software on hard tissues, using the tools of the open-source software OrtogOnBlender - Blender3D. For this, linear, angular and 7-point anatomical measurements of the skeletal profile were used, and the discrepancies between the VSP and the result after bimaxillary orthognathic surgery were calculated. Pre- and postoperative cone beam CT (CBCT) scans of 43 consecutive patients with class II and III skeletal deformities were evaluated and the results of the VSP were compared to the 1-month postoperative results. All overlapping points presented values within the range considered clinically irrelevant (< 2 mm and < 4°) and differences were not significant (p > 0.05). The comparison of anatomical points showed lower values (≤ 2.11 mm) in point A of class II. For hard tissues, the comparison between VSP and 1-month postoperative tomography demonstrated the faithful results of virtual planning using this software.

Inflammatory and developmental odontogenic cysts: 23-year observational and retrospective study / Cistos odontogênicos inflamatórios e de desenvolvimento: estudo observacional e retrospectivo de 23 anos

Objective: This observational and retrospective study evaluated the prevalence and characteristics of odontogenic cysts, outlining the epidemiological profile of these lesions. Material and methods: The following data were collected from the medical records of patients with a diagnosis confirmed by microscopy: age, sex, ethnicity, anatomical location, histopathological diagnosis and treatment, between 1995 and 2018. Results: Of the 70 cysts, 75.7% were inflammatory and 24.2% development. The inflammatory periapical cyst was the most prevalent (62.8%) followed by the dentigerous cyst (71.0%). The lateral radicular cysts and odontogenic keratocysts obtained the same percentage (5.7%), followed by the residual cyst (4.3%), paradental (2.8%) and the orthokeratinized variable (1.5%). Women were slightly more affected (1.12: 1) with greater involvement of leucodermas (80%). Age and anatomical location differed according to each lesion, although the anterior maxilla region was more affected. Enucleation was the most used treatment (75.7%), except for odontogenic keratocysts, in which marsupialization was performed in 75% of the cases. Conclusion: Epidemiological data provide an important insight into the prevalence, extent and severity of these lesions, allowing early diagnosis and prevention, in order to guarantee the reduction of cases and improve the quality of life of the population.

Objetivo: Avaliar a prevalência e características dos cistos odontogênicos de forma observacional e retrospectiva, delineando o perfil epidemiológico destas lesões. Material e Métodos: Foram coletados os seguintes dados dos prontuários de pacientes com diagnóstico confirmado microscopicamente: idade, sexo, etnia, localização anatômica, diagnóstico histopatológico e tratamento, entre os anos de 1995 a 2018. Resultados: Dos 70 cistos, 75,7% eram inflamatórios e 24,2% de desenvolvimento. O cisto periapical inflamatório foi o mais prevalente (62,8%) seguido pelo cisto dentígero (71,0%). O cisto radicular lateral e queratocisto odontogênico obtiveram o mesmo percentual (5,7%), seguidos do cisto residual (4,3%), paradentário (2,8%) e a variável ortoqueratinizada (1,5%). As mulheres foram ligeiramente mais afetadas (1,12:1) com maior acometimento de leucodermas (80%). Idade e localização anatômica diferiram de acordo com cada lesão, embora a região anterior de maxila tenha sido mais afetada. A enucleação foi o tratamento mais utilizado (75,7%), exceto para o queratocisto odontogênico, no qual a marsupialização foi realizada em 75% dos casos. Conclusão: Os dados epidemiológicos fornecem uma visão importante para o entendimento da prevalência, extensão e gravidade dessas lesões, viabilizando o diagnóstico precoce e medidas preventivas, a fim de garantir a redução dos casos e melhorar a qualidade de vida da população.

Tratamento de mucocele com a técnica de shira: relato de caso / Treatment of mucocele with shira's technique: case report

O termo mucocele pode ser definido como ''cavidade patológica contendo muco'', sendo este conteúdo proveniente das glândulas salivares menores. Enquadrando-se como um processo patológico destas glândulas. A mucocele pode ser caracterizada pelo fenômeno de extravasamento ou de retenção de muco, dando-se o diagnóstico somente através da análise microscópica. Clinicamente apresenta-se como um nódulo indolor, circunscrito, normocrômico ou azulado e flutuante à palpação, localiza-se predominantemente no lábio inferior. A escolha do tratamento partirá da análise de alguns fatores, como o tamanho da lesão, a sua localização, profundidade e a idade do paciente, sendo a excisão cirúrgica juntamente com as glândulas acessórias da lesão a mais indicada. Há várias técnicas para realização de tal procedimento e a técnica de Shira foi a opção para o referido relato de caso. Esta técnica se dá a partir da injeção cuidadosa de material hidrocolóide irreversível (alginato) dentro da lesão previamente esvaziada de seu conteúdo com o objetivo de delimitar a mesma e facilitar a remoção cirúrgica. Utilizar esta técnica reduz as chances de recidiva da lesão, pois com a utilização do alginato a lesão fica bem delimitada facilitando a excisão cirúrgica, mas mesmo com esta técnica deve-se orientar o paciente para a remoção dos fatores etiológicos envolvidos, pois sua permanência acarretará na recidiva da lesão(AU)

The term mucocele can be defined as a 'pathological cavity containing mucus', and this content comes from the minor salivary glands, fitting in as a pathological process of these glands. Mucocele can be characterized by the mucous extravasation or retention phenomena, giving the diagnosis only through microscopic analysis. Clinically it is presented as a painless, circumscribed, normochromic or bluish nodule floating on palpation. It is predominantly located on the lower lip. The choice of treatment will depend on the analysis of some factors, such as the size of the lesion, its location, depth and the age of the patient. Surgical excision together with the accessory glands of the lesion is the most indicated. There are several techniques for performing such a procedure and the Shira technique was the option for this case report. This technique is based on the careful injection of irreversible hydrocolloid material (alginate) into the lesion previously emptied of its mucoid content in order to delimit it and facilitate surgical removal. Using this technique reduces the chances of recurrence of the lesion, because with the use of alginate the lesion is well delimited facilitating surgical excision, but even with this technique the patient should be guided to remove the etiological factors involved, since its permanence will lead to recurrence of the lesion(AU)