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1.
J Periodontal Res ; 48(5): 591-9, 2013 Oct.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23317284

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) is a new treatment method for the removal of infectious pathogens using a photosensitizer and light of a specific wavelength, e.g., toluidine blue with a wavelength of about 600 nm. We explored a new photosensitizer and focused on indocyanine green (ICG), which has high absorption at a wavelength of 800-805 nm. We investigated the bactericidal effect of PDT on Porphyromonas gingivalis using a new photosensitizer, ICG-loaded nanospheres with an 805 nm wavelength low-level diode laser irradiation. METHODS: We designed ICG-loaded nanospheres coated with chitosan (ICG-Nano/c) as a photosensitizer. A solution containing Porphyromonas gingivalis (10(8)  CFU/mL) with or without ICG-Nano/c (or ICG) was prepared and irradiated with a diode laser or without laser irradiation as a negative control. The irradiation settings were 0.5 W with a duty ratio of 10%, for 3-100 ms in repeated pulse (RPT) or continuous wave mode. CFU were counted after 7 d of anaerobic culture. RESULTS: We observed that ICG-Nano/c could adhere to the surface of P. gingivalis. When ICG-Nano/c was used for aPDT, irradiation with RPT 100 ms mode gave the lowest increase in temperature. Laser irradiation with ICG-Nano/c significantly reduced the number of P. gingivalis (i.e., approximately 2-log10 bacterial killing). The greatest bactericidal effect was found in the RPT 100 ms group. However, laser irradiation (RPT 100 ms) with ICG, as well as without photosensitizer, had no effect on the number of bacteria. CONCLUSIONS: Within the limits of this study, ICG-Nano/c with low-level diode laser (0.5 W; 805 nm) irradiation showed an aPDT-like effect, which might be useful for a potential photodynamic periodontal therapy.


Asunto(s)
Antibacterianos/administración & dosificación , Sistemas de Liberación de Medicamentos , Verde de Indocianina/administración & dosificación , Láseres de Semiconductores/uso terapéutico , Fotoquimioterapia/métodos , Fármacos Fotosensibilizantes/administración & dosificación , Porphyromonas gingivalis/efectos de los fármacos , Adhesión Bacteriana , Carga Bacteriana/efectos de los fármacos , Quitosano/química , Humanos , Viabilidad Microbiana/efectos de los fármacos , Microscopía Electrónica de Rastreo , Microscopía Fluorescente , Microscopía de Contraste de Fase , Nanosferas/química , Enfermedades Periodontales/microbiología , Dosis de Radiación , Temperatura
2.
Community Dent Health ; 28(1): 111-5, 2011 Mar.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21485247

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to clarify to what extent Japanese dentists recommend dental floss and what factors influence dentists in encouraging their patients to use dental floss. PARTICIPANTS: The subjects in this study were 291 dentists who were directors of dental clinics, selected by stratified sampling by age. RESULTS: Dentists whose teachers at dental school had demonstrated dental flossing tended to recommend patients to use dental floss 2.2 (1.0-4.6: 95% CI) times more frequently compared with those who did not see demonstrations of flossing at dental school. Respondents who considered that using dental floss was very easy and easy, moderate, and difficult recommended patients to use dental floss 45.4 (11.2-183.9), 17.4 (6.6-45.8) and 5.9 (2.5-14.1) times more frequently, respectively, compared with those who considered it very difficult. Respondents who considered that using dental floss was effective, fairly effective or very effective in preventing dental caries recommended patients to use dental floss 3.8 (1.7-8.6), 3.8 (1.7-8.8) and 9.1 (3.6-23.0) times more frequently respectively, compared with those who considered it ineffective or only slightly effective. CONCLUSIONS: The demonstration of the use of dental floss by teachers at their dental schools gave dentists a good impression and a positive opinion of dental flossing. This was closely associated with recommendations by dentists to their patients to use dental floss.


Asunto(s)
Actitud del Personal de Salud , Dispositivos para el Autocuidado Bucal/estadística & datos numéricos , Odontólogos/psicología , Higiene Bucal/educación , Pautas de la Práctica en Odontología/estadística & datos numéricos , Adulto , Anciano , Higienistas Dentales/estadística & datos numéricos , Educación en Odontología/estadística & datos numéricos , Femenino , Humanos , Japón , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Higiene Bucal/estadística & datos numéricos , Encuestas y Cuestionarios
3.
J Dent Res ; 85(5): 427-31, 2006 May.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16632755

RESUMEN

Hertwig's epithelial root sheath (HERS) is important for tooth root formation, but the molecular basis for the signaling of root development remains uncertain. We hypothesized that Sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling is involved in the HERS function, because it mediates epithelial-mesenchymal interactions during embryonic odontogenesis. We examined the gene expression patterns of Shh signaling in murine developing molar roots. Shh and Patched2 transcripts were identified in the HERS, whereas Patched1, Smoothened, and Gli1 were expressed in the proliferative dental mesenchyme in addition to the HERS. To confirm whether Shh signaling physiologically functions in vivo, we analyzed mesenchymal dysplasia (mes) mice carrying an abnormal C-terminus of the PATCHED1 protein. In the mutant, cell proliferation was repressed around the HERS at 1 wk. Moreover, the molar eruption was disturbed, and all roots were shorter than those in control littermates at 4 wks. These results indicate that Shh signaling is important in tooth root development. Abbreviations used: BrdU, 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine; HERS, Hertwig's epithelial root sheath; NFI-C/CTF, nuclear factor Ic/CAAT box transcription factor; PCNA, proliferating cell nuclear antigen; Ptc, patched; Shh, sonic hedgehog; Smo, smoothened.


Asunto(s)
Odontogénesis/genética , Raíz del Diente/crecimiento & desarrollo , Transactivadores/genética , Transactivadores/fisiología , Animales , Proliferación Celular , Epitelio , Regulación del Desarrollo de la Expresión Génica , Proteínas Hedgehog , Hibridación in Situ , Factores de Transcripción de Tipo Kruppel/genética , Factores de Transcripción de Tipo Kruppel/fisiología , Mesodermo/patología , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Ratones Mutantes , Morfogénesis/genética , Receptores Patched , Receptor Patched-1 , Receptor Patched-2 , Receptores de Superficie Celular/genética , Receptores de Superficie Celular/fisiología , Transducción de Señal , Erupción Dental/genética , Proteína con Dedos de Zinc GLI1
4.
Biochim Biophys Acta ; 1243(3): 521-8, 1995 Apr 13.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7727529

RESUMEN

The properties of a polymer surface affect the cellular functions and morphology of cells in contact with the polymer. In this paper, we will demonstrate the effects of surface modification of materials on various neutrophil markers of activation. The sulfonation of a polystyrene surface caused increases in its negative charge and hydrophilicity. The sulfonation did not affect the number of adhered neutrophils, but the shape of the neutrophils adhered on the material was different; a round shape on highly sulfonated polystyrene and a spread shape on weakly sulfonated or non-sulfonated polystyrene. Expression of the adhesion molecule, CD11b, on neutrophils was also affected by the properties of the polymer surface. CD11b was expressed in neutrophils adhered on polystyrene and the expression decreased with increasing sulfonation of the surface. The expression of CD11b on the neutrophils on highly sulfonated polystyrene was the same as that on non-adhered neutrophils. In contrast, the expression of CD11a was not affected by the properties of the material surface. The F-actin content of activated neutrophils and the production of active oxygen groups detected by means of luminol-dependent chemiluminescence were also dependent on the sulfo-group content of the material surface. Finally, the translocation of protein kinase C (PKC) was determined in neutrophils adhered to these materials. Compared to non-adhered cells, the ratio of membrane bound to cytosolic PKC increased in adhered cells, but the increase was suppressed by sulfonation of the material surface. These data suggest that activation of neutrophils on polystyrene is suppressed by surface modification with increasing negative charge and/or hydrophilicity.


Asunto(s)
Activación Neutrófila , Poliestirenos/química , Propiedades de Superficie , Actinas/análisis , Actinas/química , Adhesión Celular , Moléculas de Adhesión Celular/metabolismo , Supervivencia Celular , Fenómenos Químicos , Química Física , Electroquímica , Humanos , Mediciones Luminiscentes , Luminol/farmacología , Antígeno de Macrófago-1/metabolismo , Neutrófilos/inmunología , Neutrófilos/fisiología , Proteína Quinasa C/metabolismo , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno/metabolismo , Ácidos Sulfónicos/química
5.
J Bone Miner Res ; 4(1): 29-35, 1989 Feb.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-2541600

RESUMEN

We have developed a mouse bone marrow culture system in which multinucleated osteoclast (OC)-like cells are formed within 8 days. Using this culture system, we examined the effect of prostaglandins (PGs), potent bone-resorbing agents, on OC-like cell formation. Four PGs (PGE1 and PGE2 at 10(-8)-10(-5) M, 6-keto-PGF1 alpha at 10(-5) M, and PGF2 alpha at 10(-6)-10(-5) M) significantly stimulated the formation of OC-like cells. The potency of the PGs in inducing OC-like cell formation was the highest in PGE1 and PGE2, followed by PGF2 alpha and 6-keto-PGF1 alpha in that order, and the order was highly correlated with the order of the potency in increasing the production of cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cAMP) in bone marrow cells. Addition of dibutyryl-cAMP also induced OC-like cell formation. Moreover, isobutylmethylxanthine (IBMX), a potent inhibitor of phosphodiesterase, potentiated the OC-like cell formation induced by PGE2, whereas salmon calcitonin greatly inhibited it. Calcitonin induced cAMP production in cultures treated with PGE2, but not in cultures with vehicle. When bone marrow mononuclear cells were cultured on dentine slices in the presence of PGE2, multinucleated OC-like cells were similarly formed and they resorbed calcified dentine, resulting in so-called Howship's lacunae. These results suggest that PGs stimulate resorption of calcified tissues by promoting osteoclast formation. The activity of PGs in inducing OC-like cell formation is considered mediated mainly by a mechanism involving cAMP.


Asunto(s)
Médula Ósea/fisiología , AMP Cíclico/fisiología , Osteoclastos/fisiología , Prostaglandinas/fisiología , Animales , Células de la Médula Ósea , Calcitonina/antagonistas & inhibidores , Células Cultivadas , Histocitoquímica , Técnicas In Vitro , Masculino , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos , Microscopía Electrónica de Rastreo , Ballenas
6.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-3174720

RESUMEN

15-lipoxygenase activity was investigated in sonicated polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNLs) from patients with juvenile and rapidly progressive periodontitis and adult periodontitis. The group with juvenile and rapidly progressive periodontitis had 17 patients (6 male, 11 female, mean age 27.4 years), and the age matched control group had 18 normal individuals (11 male, 7 female, mean age 26.3 years). The group with adult periodontitis had 14 patients with 9 male, 5 female, mean age 45.2 years and the age-matched control group had 6 normal subjects with 5 male, 1 female, mean age 43.7 years. 15-hydroxyeicosa-tetraenoic acid (15-HETE) synthesized in the group with juvenile and rapidly progressive periodontitis was 0.219 +/- 0.102 ng/mg protein (mean +/- S.D.), while it was 0.410 +/- 0.138 ng/mg protein in the age-matched control group. There was a significant difference between the two groups. The group with adult periodontitis produced 0.358 +/- 0.124 ng/mg protein and the age matched control group produced 0.448 +/- 0.176 ng/mg protein (no significant difference). These results are relevant to reports that PMNLs of patients with juvenile and rapidly progressive periodontitis have abnormal functions, while those of patients with adult periodontitis are normal.


Asunto(s)
Periodontitis Agresiva/enzimología , Araquidonato 15-Lipooxigenasa/sangre , Araquidonato Lipooxigenasas/sangre , Neutrófilos/enzimología , Enfermedades Periodontales/enzimología , Periodontitis/enzimología , Ácido 12-Hidroxi-5,8,10,14-Eicosatetraenoico , Adulto , Periodontitis Agresiva/sangre , Femenino , Humanos , Ácidos Hidroxieicosatetraenoicos/sangre , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Periodontitis/sangre
7.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8341724

RESUMEN

It is well known that vascular endothelial cell (EC) migration plays a major role in regeneration of the injured endothelium and also that smooth muscle cell (SMC) migration is the important step for atheromatous plaque formation. In the present study, we investigated the effects of cholesterol and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) on bovine carotid artery EC and SMC migration using the modified Boyden chamber technique. The migration activity of the cholesterol-enriched ECs loaded with cholesterol-rich liposomes was significantly suppressed, whereas that of the cholesterol-enriched SMCs was enhanced. Next, we examined the effects of EPA pretreatment on the migration of both cell types. When ECs and SMCs were treated with EPA (5 micrograms/ml) for 2 days, the EPA content increased from 0.55 +/- 0.04% to 11.72 +/- 0.19% and 1.22 +/- 0.09% to 9.69 +/- 0.07% in cellular phospholipids, respectively. Although pretreatment of the ECs with EPA caused a significant increase in serum-induced cell migration, pretreatment of SMCs had no effect. If both cell types were concomitantly pretreated with EPA and cholesterol-rich liposomes, EPA abolished the effects of cholesterol on the migration of both cell types, but did not affect the content of cholesterol in both cells. These data indicate the possibility that EPA counteracts the atherogenic effect of cholesterol on EC and SMC migration.


Asunto(s)
Movimiento Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Colesterol/farmacología , Ácido Eicosapentaenoico/farmacología , Endotelio Vascular/efectos de los fármacos , Músculo Liso Vascular/efectos de los fármacos , Animales , Arterias Carótidas/efectos de los fármacos , Bovinos , Células Cultivadas , Endotelio Vascular/citología , Endotelio Vascular/metabolismo , Ácidos Grasos/metabolismo , Liposomas/farmacología , Músculo Liso Vascular/citología , Músculo Liso Vascular/metabolismo , Fosfolípidos/metabolismo
8.
Eur J Pharmacol ; 241(2-3): 221-7, 1993 Sep 14.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7694864

RESUMEN

Angiogenesis plays a significant role in various pathological states, including the progressive growth of solid tumors, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, and diabetic retinopathy, in addition to its crucial role in embryonic development. Recent studies have revealed that an angiogenesis inhibitor is efficacious for these so-called angiogenic diseases. In the previous studies, we found that retinoids and vitamin D3 analogs, which are known to exhibit cell differentiation-modulating activity, effectively inhibit angiogenesis in vivo, thus forming the basis of our working hypothesis that a modulator of cell differentiation is capable of affecting angiogenesis. In this study, to verify this hypothesis further, radicicol (syn. monorden; 5-chloro-6-(7,8-epoxy-10-hydoxy-2-oxo-3,5-undecadienyl)-beta -resorcylic acid mu-lactone), a microbial cell differentiation modulator from a fungus, a strain of Neocosmospora tenuicristata, was examined for its anti-angiogenic activity in a bioassay system involving chorioallantoic membranes of growing chick embryos. The microbial cell differentiation modulator dose dependently inhibited embryonic angiogenesis, the ID50 value being 200 ng/egg. Radicicol also inhibited both the proliferation of and plasminogen activator production by vascular endothelial cells in the nM concentration range in a concentration-dependent manner, suggesting the possible involvement of these inhibitory effects in the anti-angiogenic action of the microbial product. These results indicate that radicicol might be a potential drug for treating different angiogenesis-dependent diseases, such as solid tumors, psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, and diabetic retinopathy.


Asunto(s)
Neovascularización Patológica/prevención & control , Alantoides/efectos de los fármacos , Animales , Diferenciación Celular/efectos de los fármacos , División Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Embrión de Pollo , Corion/efectos de los fármacos , Sistemas de Liberación de Medicamentos , Endotelio Vascular/citología , Endotelio Vascular/efectos de los fármacos , Endotelio Vascular/enzimología , Lactonas/farmacología , Macrólidos , Polivinilos , Activador de Plasminógeno de Tipo Uroquinasa/efectos de los fármacos
9.
J Dent Res ; 70(1): 34-7, 1991 Jan.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-1846883

RESUMEN

Inflammation was induced in rat dental pulp by applying bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Extirpated tissue samples from inflamed pulps were incubated in vitro in a Krebs buffer containing Ca2+ ionophore A23187, and leukotriene (LT) B4 released into the medium was determined by radio-immunoassay. Production of LTB4 could be detected three to 24 h after the application of LPS and showed a maximum at 12 h. Histologically, marked infiltration of neutrophils, but not other leukocytes, was characteristically observed in the LPS-applied pulps, and the temporal change in neutrophil infiltration was almost parallel, but somewhat more delayed than LTB4 production. When BW755C, a dual inhibitor of cyclo-oxygenase and lipoxygenase, was given to the animals before the application of LPS, both the production of LTB4 and the number of infiltrated neutrophils were significantly decreased, whereas administration of indomethacin had no effect. These results suggest that LTB4 may be involved in neutrophil infiltration in pulpal inflammation. It was also suggested that a major early source of LTB4 in experimental pulpitis was leukocytes, primary neutrophils, because the synthesis of LTB4 in the inflammed pulp was diminished by depletion of circulating leukocytes with cyclophosphamide prior to the application of LPS.


Asunto(s)
Leucotrieno B4/biosíntesis , Neutrófilos/fisiología , Pulpitis/patología , 4,5-dihidro-1-(3-(trifluorometil)fenil)-1H-pirazol-3-amina/farmacología , Animales , Movimiento Celular , Ciclofosfamida/farmacología , Pulpa Dental/metabolismo , Pulpa Dental/patología , Indometacina/farmacología , Recuento de Leucocitos/efectos de los fármacos , Leucotrieno B4/fisiología , Lipopolisacáridos/farmacología , Masculino , Neutrófilos/efectos de los fármacos , Neutrófilos/patología , Pulpitis/metabolismo , Pulpitis/fisiopatología , Ratas , Ratas Endogámicas , Factores de Tiempo
10.
Inflammation ; 20(5): 555-68, 1996 Oct.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8894718

RESUMEN

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the involvement of cyclooxygenase-1(COX-1) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in PGE2 production by human gingival fibroblasts stimulated with lipopolysaccharides (LPS) from periodondopathogenic bacteria. LPS were isolated from Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis), Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (A. actinomycetemcomitans) and Eschericia coli (E coli) by the phenol-water procedure. The three LPS preparations produced PCE2 up to 48 h in a time-dependent manner in human gingival fibroblasts. P. gingivalis-LPS was the most potent stimulator of PGE2 production and, to a lesser extent, A actinomycetemcomitans- and E coli-LPS. Treatment of the cells with indomethacin, a non selective COX-1/COX-2 inhibitor and NS-398, a selective COX-2 inhibitor, completely depressed PGE2 production. Treatment of dexamethasone, known to inhibit COX-2 expression, also significantly prevented PGE2 production. Immunohistochemical staining of COX-2 protein demonstrated that expression of COX-2 protein was increased at 24 h after P gingivalis-LPS stimulation, while expression of COX-1 protein was not affected by P. gingivalis-LPS. In order to investigate the regulation of PGE2 production. P. gingivalis-LPS-stimulated cells were treated with herbimycin A and genistein, both inhibitors of tyrosine kinases. Both the inhibitors significantly inhibited PGE2 production. Herbimycin A treatment depressed expression of COX-2 protein. These data suggest that human gingival fibroblasts stimulated with LPS from periodontopathogenic bacteria mainly produce PGE2 not by COX-1, but by COX-2, induction of which may be regulated by tyrosine kinase and that the produced PGE2 may be involved in the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases.


Asunto(s)
Dinoprostona/biosíntesis , Encía/efectos de los fármacos , Encía/metabolismo , Isoenzimas/biosíntesis , Lipopolisacáridos/toxicidad , Prostaglandina-Endoperóxido Sintasas/biosíntesis , Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans/patogenicidad , Células Cultivadas , Ciclooxigenasa 1 , Ciclooxigenasa 2 , Dinoprostona/fisiología , Inducción Enzimática/efectos de los fármacos , Escherichia coli/patogenicidad , Fibroblastos/efectos de los fármacos , Fibroblastos/metabolismo , Humanos , Isoenzimas/metabolismo , Lipopolisacáridos/aislamiento & purificación , Proteínas de la Membrana , Enfermedades Periodontales/etiología , Enfermedades Periodontales/metabolismo , Enfermedades Periodontales/microbiología , Porphyromonas gingivalis/patogenicidad , Prostaglandina-Endoperóxido Sintasas/metabolismo
11.
Arch Oral Biol ; 34(1): 37-41, 1989.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-2783040

RESUMEN

Platelet-activating factor (1-O-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine; PAF) is a biologically active lipid, like the prostaglandins, which mediates allergic and inflammatory reactions. Aggregation of washed rabbit platelets was induced by a lipid prepared from inflamed gingiva. The mobility of the active lipid was coincident with that of authentic PAF on thin-layer chromatography. The aggregation was dose-dependent and inhibited by pretreatment with a specific PAF antagonist, ONO 6240, but not by indomethacin or creatine phosphate/creatine phosphokinase, which inhibit the platelet aggregation due to arachidonic acid or ADP, respectively. Thus the active lipid was identified as PAF; the amount of PAF detected was 118.1 +/- 79.7 pg/50 mg tissue (n = 6, mean +/- SD), the amount in normal tissue being 13.0 +/- 11.3 pg/50 mg tissue (n = 6). There was therefore a significant difference between the tissues. Lyso PAF, the metabolite of PAF with acetylhydrolase, was not detectable in either gingival tissue. Thus PAF was produced more in inflamed gingival tissue than in normal tissue; PAF may be involved in the occurrence and maintenance of periodontal disease.


Asunto(s)
Encía/análisis , Gingivitis/metabolismo , Factor de Activación Plaquetaria/análisis , Adulto , Cromatografía en Capa Delgada , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Periodontitis/metabolismo
12.
Arch Oral Biol ; 34(7): 523-8, 1989.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-2512901

RESUMEN

Pulp was experimentally inflamed by applying bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Changes in arachidonic acid (AA) metabolites were determined by measuring the conversion of exogenously added AA in pulp homogenates. The inflamed pulp produced 12-hydroxy-eicosatetraenoic acid (12-HETE), 6-keto-prostaglandin (PG) F1 alpha greater than PGE2, thromboxane B2 and 11-HETE, which was further identified with high-performance liquid chromatography. The LPS treatment caused a 2.0-fold increase in 12-HETE production at 1 h, a 3.8-fold increase in 6-keto-PGF1 alpha production at 12 h and increases in PGE2 and 11-HETE production of 8.8- and 5.5-fold, respectively, at 24 h. Vascular permeability in the inflamed pulp was measured by quantifying the amount of an extravasated dye; it increased markedly from 6 h and reached a peak at 12 h after the LPS application. When indomethacin (0.3-30 mg/kg, s.c.) was given before LPS, both the production of 6-keto-PGF1 alpha and PGE2 and the increase in vascular permeability were inhibited dose dependently. Exogenously applied PGE2 and PGI2 methyl ester reduced the inhibition of the increase in vascular permeability caused by indomethacin. Thus PGE2 and PGI2 may be involved in increases in vascular permeability in pulpal inflammation.


Asunto(s)
6-Cetoprostaglandina F1 alfa/biosíntesis , Ácidos Araquidónicos/metabolismo , Permeabilidad Capilar/efectos de los fármacos , Ácidos Hidroxieicosatetraenoicos/biosíntesis , Pulpitis/metabolismo , Tromboxano B2/biosíntesis , Ácido 12-Hidroxi-5,8,10,14-Eicosatetraenoico , 6-Cetoprostaglandina F1 alfa/fisiología , Animales , Ácido Araquidónico , Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Presión , Pulpa Dental/irrigación sanguínea , Dinoprostona/biosíntesis , Dinoprostona/fisiología , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Ácidos Hidroxieicosatetraenoicos/fisiología , Indometacina/farmacología , Lipopolisacáridos , Masculino , Pulpitis/inducido químicamente , Pulpitis/fisiopatología , Ratas , Ratas Endogámicas , Tromboxano B2/fisiología
13.
Arch Oral Biol ; 40(12): 1157-61, 1995 Dec.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8850656

RESUMEN

Thirty-four (17 paired) extracted second primary molars were obtained from 17 individuals (9 boys and 8 girls) aged from 9 yr 2 months to 12 yr 7 months. A tooth on one side was extracted as a control, and an acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF) gel was then applied to the paired contralateral second primary molar. Three months later, the experimental tooth was extracted. Nine sites were assayed by a microsampling technique from small areas of the approximal enamel surface. The fluoride and phosphorus concentrations were determined by a fluoride electrode and by colorimetric procedure, respectively. Fluoride concentrations were higher in the teeth treated with the APF gel than in the control teeth. The highest fluoride uptake was observed in the central area of the approximal surfaces. Deeper areas (> 10 microns) had a marked uptake of fluoride as compared with surface areas (< 3 microns). It was concluded that the APF gel application increased the fluoride levels of approximal tooth surfaces, particularly the mid-central site, of second primary molars, even at 3 months after application.


Asunto(s)
Fluoruro de Fosfato Acidulado/administración & dosificación , Esmalte Dental/química , Fluoruros Tópicos/administración & dosificación , Fluoruros/análisis , Diente Molar/química , Diente Primario/química , Grabado Ácido Dental , Fluoruro de Fosfato Acidulado/farmacocinética , Niño , Colorimetría , Esmalte Dental/metabolismo , Esmalte Dental/ultraestructura , Femenino , Fluoruros/farmacocinética , Fluoruros Tópicos/farmacocinética , Geles , Humanos , Electrodos de Iones Selectos , Masculino , Microscopía Electrónica de Rastreo , Diente Molar/metabolismo , Diente Molar/ultraestructura , Fósforo/análisis , Espectrofotometría , Diente Primario/metabolismo , Diente Primario/ultraestructura
14.
Arch Oral Biol ; 32(10): 723-7, 1987.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-3128966

RESUMEN

Pulp homogenates were incubated with [14C]-arachidonic acid and the metabolites separated by thin-layer chromatography. The main products of normal pulp were 6-keto-prostaglandin (PG) F1 alpha and 12-hydroxy-eicosatetraenoic acid (12-HETE), further identified by high performance-liquid chromatography. Thromboxane (TX) B2, and PGD2, E2 and F2 alpha were also detected at less than 30 per cent of 6-keto-PGF1 alpha. When the pulp was inflamed by applying bacterial lipopolysaccharide, production of all these metabolites increased; in particular, PGE2 was increased 9.3-fold compared with normal, and 6-keto-PGF1 alpha and HETE 3.8- and 2.0-fold, respectively. An unidentified product, slightly more polar than 12-HETE, was also markedly produced by the inflamed pulp. Thus arachidonic-acid metabolites including lipoxygenase products may be involved in the development of pulpal inflammation.


Asunto(s)
Ácidos Araquidónicos/metabolismo , Pulpa Dental/metabolismo , Pulpitis/metabolismo , 6-Cetoprostaglandina F1 alfa/biosíntesis , Animales , Ácido Araquidónico , Dinoprostona , Ácidos Hidroxieicosatetraenoicos/biosíntesis , Técnicas In Vitro , Masculino , Prostaglandina D2 , Prostaglandinas D/biosíntesis , Prostaglandinas E/biosíntesis , Ratas , Ratas Endogámicas , Tromboxano B2/biosíntesis
15.
Arch Oral Biol ; 38(1): 31-6, 1993 Jan.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8442718

RESUMEN

Localization of prostaglandin (PG) I2 synthase immunoreactivity was examined in demineralized sections of rat pulpal, periodontal and skeletal tissues using isn-1, a monoclonal antibody raised against the enzyme. Various calcified tissue-forming cells, i.e. odontoblasts, osteoblasts, osteocytes, cementoblasts, cementocytes and chondrocytes, were similarly immunoreactive for PGI2 synthase, suggesting that they are capable of producing PGI2. In odontoblasts and chondrocytes, the reactivity increased gradually with maturation. Weak immunoreactivity was also observed in endothelial cells and fibroblast-like cells in pulpal and periodontal tissues. However, no reactivity was seen in ameloblasts. These results suggest the possible involvement of PGI2 in the regulation of the metabolism of various calcified tissues. Monoclonal antibodies such as isn-1 may become useful markers of the maturation of calcified tissue-forming cells of mesenchymal origin.


Asunto(s)
Huesos/enzimología , Sistema Enzimático del Citocromo P-450/análisis , Oxidorreductasas Intramoleculares , Isomerasas/análisis , Diente/enzimología , Animales , Cartílago/citología , Cartílago/enzimología , Cemento Dental/citología , Cemento Dental/enzimología , Pulpa Dental/irrigación sanguínea , Pulpa Dental/citología , Pulpa Dental/enzimología , Dentina/citología , Dentina/enzimología , Endotelio/enzimología , Endotelio Vascular/enzimología , Fibroblastos/enzimología , Técnicas para Inmunoenzimas , Inmunohistoquímica , Masculino , Odontoblastos/enzimología , Osteoblastos/enzimología , Osteocitos/enzimología , Ligamento Periodontal/enzimología , Ratas , Ratas Wistar
16.
Arch Oral Biol ; 48(5): 389-95, 2003 May.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12711383

RESUMEN

The effect of daily use of three different dentifrices on glucose retention after glucose mouth rinsing was tested in this study regarding xylitol and fluoride. Six experimental groups used three different dentifrices produced by two different companies: xylitol- and fluoride-containing dentifrice (XF), non-xylitol- and fluoride-containing dentifrice (F), and non-xylitol- and non-fluoride-containing dentifrice (NonX-NonF). Subjects were divided at random and rinsed their mouths for 15s with 20ml of 0.5M glucose solution. Glucose and lactate retention were determined by collecting samples of saliva from the approximal areas of the maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth and using the enzyme membrane test. Samples were collected 0, 1 and 2 months after the start of regular dentifrice use. There were significant differences in glucose retention in relation to the dentifrice used, month of sampling, site of sampling, and time since start of rinsing. Their contribution ratios were 2.0, 4.4, 11.7 and 7.4%, respectively (P<0.01). There were significant differences observed between the XF and NonX-NonF groups, with the XF group presenting lower glucose retention than the NonX-NonF group. The XF group presented lower glucose retention than the F group. The F group showed lower glucose retention than the NonX-NonF group. There were significant differences in lactate retention in relation to the month and site of sampling, and their contribution ratios were 3.3 and 2.8%, respectively (P<0.01). There were, however, no significant differences in glucose and lactate retention in relation to the dentifrice manufacturer. It was concluded that the XF dentifrice was the most effective, and the F dentifrice was more effective in reducing glucose retention than the NonX-NonF dentifrice.


Asunto(s)
Dentífricos , Fluoruros/administración & dosificación , Glucosa/farmacocinética , Saliva/química , Edulcorantes/administración & dosificación , Xilitol/administración & dosificación , Adulto , Análisis de Varianza , Placa Dental/metabolismo , Femenino , Glucosa/análisis , Humanos , Ácido Láctico/análisis , Factores de Tiempo
17.
Arch Oral Biol ; 40(9): 783-7, 1995 Sep.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8651882

RESUMEN

Glucose retention was determined in 38 kindergarten children ages 3-4 yr. The children rinsed their mouths with 10 ml of a 0.5 mol/l glucose solution for 15 s and then spat out. Three minutes after they put the solution in their mouths, a small paper-point was used to collect samples of saliva from the labial and buccal surfaces of the maxillary and mandibular primary teeth. The concentration of glucose in the small amount of saliva collected was measured with an immobilized enzyme system. Glucose retention was highest on the maxillary central primary incisor, second highest on the maxillary first primary molar and third highest on the maxillary lateral primary incisor. An intermediate value was seen on the maxillary and mandibular second primary molars, the mandibular first primary molar and the maxillary primary canine. A lower value was observed on the mandibular primary canine and the lowest on the mandibular incisors. It was concluded that there were site differences in glucose retention on primary teeth of 3- and 4-yr-old children.


Asunto(s)
Glucosa/farmacocinética , Diente Primario/metabolismo , Análisis de Varianza , Preescolar , Diente Canino/metabolismo , Enzimas Inmovilizadas , Glucosa/administración & dosificación , Glucosa/análisis , Humanos , Incisivo/metabolismo , Mandíbula , Maxilar , Diente Molar/metabolismo , Antisépticos Bucales , Saliva/metabolismo
18.
Nihon Koshu Eisei Zasshi ; 47(1): 66-78, 2000 Jan.
Artículo en Japonés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10695340

RESUMEN

The work load analysis for oral care in special nursing homes. Dental hygienists undertook oral care of 100 person who were confined to special nursing homes in Aichi prefecture, Japan. The time required, the physical load, the psychological burden were analysed. The results were summarized as follows; 1) Oral care by dental hygienist was incorporated as one of the 59 care tasks given in special nursing. 2) The working time for required oral care was 25.7 minutes per resident on an average. 3) In general, speaking to the elderly, recording on an assessment card, and observing conditions were undertaken most frequently. In oral care, tooth cleaning, gargling, cleaning of dentures, wiping of the mouth and advising those caring for the elderly, was performed most frequently. 4) In general, time taken for advising those caring for the elderly, report to the home dentistry, advising the elderly, recording, and evaluation was most common. In oral care by a dental hygienist, tooth cleaning, cleaning of the dentures, cleaning the mouth, gargling, prevention of dryness of the mouth were performed most frequently. 5) In physical activity, raising the person, moving him from the wheelchair to the bed and helping him to lie down were most frequent. In oral care by a dental hygienist, wiping the mouth, inserting dentures, tooth cleaning, cleaning the mouth and removing dentures were most common. 6) The psychological burden when lifting the person, moving him from the bed to the wheelchair and helping him to lie down was the greatest. In burden involving oral care by a dental hygienist, tooth cleaning, removing dentures, inserting dentures and cleaning the mouth were the greatest.


Asunto(s)
Hogares para Ancianos , Higiene Bucal , Carga de Trabajo , Japón
19.
Nihon Koshu Eisei Zasshi ; 47(5): 421-9, 2000 May.
Artículo en Japonés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10860388

RESUMEN

The present study was undertaken to develop a self-scoring system which can be used by a resident to check lifestyle. The oral health scoring system which we used in Tobishima village, Aichi-ken, was named SAWAYAKA score. A total of 777 subjects were examined. The subjects responded to a questionnaire regarding their past individual lifestyles and dietary habits. Oral health conditions were also examined by dentists. The odds ratio and 95% confidence interval were calculated both from retained tooth numbers and the questionnaire. Questions with significant odds ratio were selected and the partial regression coefficients of quantification II method by Hayashi were calculated. The results are as follows; 1) Eleven questions showed a significant odds ratio between retained tooth numbers and past lifestyle and dietary habits. The questions involved the frequency of snack intake, tooth brushing frequency, having own tooth brush, smoking, drinking, having a hobby, having a family dentist, consulting a dentist before a problem got serious, gum bleeding, swollen gums and toothache caused by sensitivity to cold water. 2) The eleven items were analysed by using Hayashi's quantification II method. 3) The results showed that unswollen gums affected the retention of teeth by the range of 1.240. Toothache caused by sensitivity to cold water affected the retention of teeth by the range of 0.765. Having a hobby affected the retention of teeth by the range of 0.691. 4) The "SAWAYAKA" score was used to select important items, excluding drinking. 5) When results were analysed with the SAWAYAKA score, an average of 9.6 was obtained. It was concluded that the scoring list could be used for checking resident's lifestyles, and for promoting the preservation of more than 20 teeth at the age of 80.


Asunto(s)
Salud Bucal , Adulto , Anciano , Conducta Alimentaria , Femenino , Humanos , Estilo de Vida , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Encuestas y Cuestionarios
20.
Kokubyo Gakkai Zasshi ; 57(2): 335-52, 1990 Jun.
Artículo en Japonés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-2401843

RESUMEN

Calcification process in membranous ossification was examined histologically by light and electron microscopies in comparison with that in enchondral ossification. The following results were obtained: 1) In the rat tibial articular cartilage, the extracellular matrix proceeding from the transitional to the hypertrophic zone consisted of the following three layers from the proximal: the first layer in which ruthenium red positive granules were densely populated and thin collagen fibrils diffusely arranged but few matrix vesicles were observed; the second one containing numerous matrix vesicles and slightly thick collagen fibrils; and the last one in which the thick collagen fibrils were observed while matrix vesicles and ruthenium red positive granules were few. 2) In the calcified regions in the extracellular matrix of MC3T3-E1 cells, the regions of alveolar new bone formation due to orthodontic tooth movement and the calcified regions in the interparietal suture expanded mechanically in vitro, the number of matrix vesicles was less than those in the regions of enchondral ossification. 3) Ruthenium red positive granules were fewer in the regions of alveolar new bone formation after the orthodontic tooth movement than in the calcified regions of cartilage. 4) The observation on MC3T3-E1 cells revealed the two different possibilities of the processes of calcification: the calcification induced by matrix vesicles as an initiator and that directly related to mineral deposit on the collagen fibrils.


Asunto(s)
Proceso Alveolar/fisiología , Calcificación Fisiológica , Cartílago Articular/fisiología , Espacio Extracelular/fisiología , Técnicas de Movimiento Dental , Proceso Alveolar/ultraestructura , Animales , Cartílago Articular/ultraestructura , Colágeno , Masculino , Microscopía Electrónica , Ratas , Ratas Endogámicas
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