Periodontal disease and risk of psoriasis among nurses in the United States.

OBJECTIVE: Periodontal disease has been associated with systemic inflammation and may be a risk factor for autoimmune diseases. This study evaluated the association between periodontal disease and the risk of incident psoriasis in a large prospective cohort study. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Self-reported history of periodontal bone loss, from 1998-2008, was evaluated as a risk factor for incident psoriasis among 60,457 women in the Nurses' Health Study. Secondary analyses examined associations between history of tooth loss and number of natural teeth and psoriasis risk. Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess multivariate estimates, adjusting for age, cigarette smoking, body mass index, alcohol intake and physical activity. RESULTS: An increased multivariate risk of psoriasis was observed for those with mild periodontal bone loss (RR = 1.35, 95% CI = 1.03-1.75) and moderate-to-severe periodontal bone loss (RR = 1.49, 95% CI = 1.08-2.05), as compared to those without periodontal bone loss, after adjusting for age, cigarette smoking, body mass index, alcohol intake, physical activity and tooth loss. Number of natural teeth and tooth loss were not associated with risk of psoriasis in this study. CONCLUSION: This study shows that a history of periodontal bone loss may increase risk of subsequent psoriasis. A limitation of this study is that it is based on self-reported measures.

Periodontitis and coronary artery calcification: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study.

BACKGROUND: Periodontitis has been linked to coronary heart disease (CHD) risk, possibly through providing a systemic inflammatory burden. Few studies have evaluated periodontitis and subclinical measures of atherosclerosis. Coronary artery calcification (CAC) is an emerging marker for atherosclerosis, and past studies suggest that it predicts incident CHD in asymptomatic populations. METHODS: In 1996-1998, dental examinations were performed on 6,931 participants in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) cohort. Extent of periodontitis was measured by the percent of sites with attachment level (AL) > or = 3 mm. In 1999-2000, CAC was measured by cardiac gated mechanical or helical computed tomography in 269 dental examinees and edentulous subjects from the Minnesota and North Carolina field centers of ARIC who were free of clinically recognized CHD. A traditional Agatston score for CAC was calculated. RESULTS: Compared to subjects with no or mild periodontitis (<10% of sites with AL > or = 3 mm), subjects with moderate or severe periodontitis (> or = 10% of sites with AL > or = 3 mm) were more likely to have CAC > or = 100, but this difference was not statistically significant (odds ratio [OR]: 1.78; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.65 to 4.86). This association was partially but not completely attenuated when adjusted for demographic factors and traditional CHD risk factors (OR: 1.51; 95% CI: 0.54 to 4.23). CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that periodontitis is not strongly associated with CAC. This study offers some reference for the magnitude of the association between CAC and periodontitis and information regarding the minimal power necessary for future studies.