Evaluation of Microbiological Susceptibility and Long-term Adhesive Properties to Dentin of Primers with Terminalia catappa Linn.

PURPOSE: To investigate the antibacterial effects of Terminalia catappa Linn (TCL) leaf extracts at different concentrations and the effects of these extracts used as primers on the long-term adhesive properties of two universal adhesives. MATERIALS AND METHODS: After extract preparation, the antimicrobial and antibacterial activities of TCL against Streptococcus mutans (UA 159) were assessed in microdilution assays to provide the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC). Additionally, to provide quantitative data on the ability of TCL extract to reduce cell viability, colony forming units (CFU) were counted. To examine adhesive properties, 288 human molars were randomly assigned to 32 experimental conditions (n = 9) according to the following variables: (1) treatment agent: negative control (untreated surface), and primers at concentrations of 1xMIC, 5xMIC, and 10xMIC; (2) adhesives: Scotchbond Universal (SBU) and Futurabond Universal (FBU); (3) adhesive strategy: etch-and-rinse (ER) or self-etch (SE); and (4) storage time: 24 h or after 2 years. Primers were applied for 60 s, upon which the teeth were incrementally restored and sectioned into adhesive-dentin bonded sticks. These were tested for microtensile bond strength (µTBS) and nanoleakage (NL) after 24-h and 2-year water storage, as well as in-situ degree of conversion (DC) at 24 h. The chemical profile of the hybrid layer was determined via micro-Raman spectroscopy. Biofilm assay data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test; the pH of culture media and the chemical profile were analyzed by one-way ANOVA. The adhesive properties (µTBS, NL, DC) were evaluated using a four-way ANOVA and Tukey's test. Significance was set at 5%. RESULTS: Similar values of MIC and MBC were observed (2 mg/ml), showing bactericidal potential. CFU analysis demonstrated that concentrations of 5xMIC and 10xMIC significantly inhibited biofilm formation (p < 0.001). The application of the TCL primer at all concentrations significantly increased the immediate µTBS and DC, and decreased the immediate NL values when compared to the control group (p < 0.05), regardless of the adhesive and adhesive strategies. Despite an increase in the NL values for all groups after 2 years (p > 0.05), in groups where the TCL primer was applied, the µTBS remained constant after 2 years for both adhesives, while a decrease in the µTBS was observed in the control groups (p < 0.05). Usually, 10xMIC showed better results than 1xMIC and 5xMIC (p < 0.05). The application of TCL promoted cross-linking; cross-linking rates increased proportionally to the concentration of TCL (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Primers containing TCL promoted bactericidal and bacteriostatic action, as well as cross-linking with dentin, while maintaining the adhesive properties of the adhesive-dentin interface after 2 years of water storage.

Development and characterization of experimental ZnO cement containing niobophosphate bioactive glass as filling temporary material.

AIMS: The aim of this study was to develop and characterize a temporary restorative material based on a zinc oxide matrix containing niobophosphate bioactive glass (NbG) for the caries-affected dentin treatment. MATERIAL AND METHODS: NbG was added to a ZnO2 matrix in different concentrations (wt%). EDS-SEM, ATR-FTIR and XRD analyses were performed to characterize the cement. Calcium release was evaluated in TRIS solution after 1, 7 and 14 days by colorimetric method (A650). Compressive strengths and setting times were performed to analyze mechanical properties. RESULTS: EDS spectra confirmed the presence of Ca, P and Nb in the groups containing NbG. EDS mapping exhibit the ZnO2 homogeneous distribution, and NbG immersed in this matrix. Peaks suggesting interaction between matrix and NbG were not detected in Ftir spectra. Calcium releasing showed to be time-dependent for experimental groups containing 10, 20, 30 and 40%. The NbG incorporation progressively increased the compressive strength values in the experimental groups. NbG incorporation seemed to influence the ZnO2 matrix early setting reaction. No statistical difference was observed in the final setting time. CONCLUSION: The addition of NbG particles into zinc oxide matrix could work as a mechanical reinforcement. It is suggested that the calcium released by the cement containing at least 10% NbG could induce apatite formation.

[Dissatisfaction with dental services among dentate and edentulous elderly Brazilians: a multilevel analysis]. / Insatisfação com os serviços odontológicos entre idosos brasileiros dentados e edentados: análise multinível.

The scope of this study was to evaluate dissatisfaction with dental services among dentate and edentulous elderly Brazilians and its association with contextual and individual variables. The data from the National Oral Health Survey conducted in 2010 and contextual variables related to cities were used. Descriptive, bivariate and multilevel analysis was conducted among 1,989 elderly individuals. Of these, 11.2% of dentate and 22.1% of edentulous elderly people were dissatisfied. Among the dentate individuals, dissatisfaction was associated with contextual variables (location of municipality, human development index, GINI Index, the presence of Dental Specialty Centers and the coverage of oral health in public service) and persons related to health care and oral health conditions. For the edentulous individuals, no associated contextual variables were identified. Only the motive for the use of the service and satisfaction with teeth and mouth were associated with dissatisfaction with dental services. A considerable prevalence of dissatisfaction with the services was identified, being higher among edentulous elderly Brazilians. Among dentate elderly Brazilians, an association with contextual variables was detected.

Avaliou-se a insatisfação com os serviços odontológicos entre idosos brasileiros dentados e edentados e sua associação com variáveis contextuais e individuais. Foram utilizados os dados do Levantamento Nacional de Saúde bucal realizado em 2010 e dados contextuais referentes aos municípios. Análises descritivas, bivariadas e multinível foram realizadas. Incluiu-se 1.989 idosos. Destes, 11,2% dos idosos dentados e 22,1% dos edentados estavam insatisfeitos. Entre os dentados, a insatisfação foi associada com variáveis contextuais (localização do município, índice de desenvolvimento humano, Índice de GINI, presença de Centro de Especialidades Odontológicas e cobertura das equipes de saúde bucal) e individuais pertencentes à atenção à saúde e condições de saúde bucal. Para os idosos edentados, não foi identificado associação com variáveis contextuais. Apenas o motivo do uso do serviço e a satisfação com dentes e boca foram associados. Identificou-se uma prevalência considerável de insatisfação com os serviços, sendo maior entre os idosos edentados. Entre os idosos dentados, foi observado associação com variáveis contextuais.

Insatisfação com os serviços odontológicos entre idosos brasileiros dentados e edentados: análise multinível / Dissatisfaction with dental services among dentate and edentulous elderly Brazilians: a multilevel analysis

Resumo Avaliou-se a insatisfação com os serviços odontológicos entre idosos brasileiros dentados e edentados e sua associação com variáveis contextuais e individuais. Foram utilizados os dados do Levantamento Nacional de Saúde bucal realizado em 2010 e dados contextuais referentes aos municípios. Análises descritivas, bivariadas e multinível foram realizadas. Incluiu-se 1.989 idosos. Destes, 11,2% dos idosos dentados e 22,1% dos edentados estavam insatisfeitos. Entre os dentados, a insatisfação foi associada com variáveis contextuais (localização do município, índice de desenvolvimento humano, Índice de GINI, presença de Centro de Especialidades Odontológicas e cobertura das equipes de saúde bucal) e individuais pertencentes à atenção à saúde e condições de saúde bucal. Para os idosos edentados, não foi identificado associação com variáveis contextuais. Apenas o motivo do uso do serviço e a satisfação com dentes e boca foram associados. Identificou-se uma prevalência considerável de insatisfação com os serviços, sendo maior entre os idosos edentados. Entre os idosos dentados, foi observado associação com variáveis contextuais.

Abstract The scope of this study was to evaluate dissatisfaction with dental services among dentate and edentulous elderly Brazilians and its association with contextual and individual variables. The data from the National Oral Health Survey conducted in 2010 and contextual variables related to cities were used. Descriptive, bivariate and multilevel analysis was conducted among 1,989 elderly individuals. Of these, 11.2% of dentate and 22.1% of edentulous elderly people were dissatisfied. Among the dentate individuals, dissatisfaction was associated with contextual variables (location of municipality, human development index, GINI Index, the presence of Dental Specialty Centers and the coverage of oral health in public service) and persons related to health care and oral health conditions. For the edentulous individuals, no associated contextual variables were identified. Only the motive for the use of the service and satisfaction with teeth and mouth were associated with dissatisfaction with dental services. A considerable prevalence of dissatisfaction with the services was identified, being higher among edentulous elderly Brazilians. Among dentate elderly Brazilians, an association with contextual variables was detected.

Falta de dentição funcional influencia na autopercepção da necessidade de tratamento em adultos: estudo de base populacional no Brasil / Absence of functional dentition influences self-perception need of dental treatment in adults: population-based study in Brazil

Resumo Introdução A falta de dentição funcional compromete a qualidade de vida dos indivíduos, podendo refletir nas suas percepções, incluindo a autopercepção da necessidade de tratamento odontológico. No entanto, essa relação ainda não é bem esclarecida na literatura. Objetivo Avaliar se a falta de dentição funcional em adultos está associada à autopercepção da necessidade de tratamento odontológico. Método Foi realizado estudo transversal analítico, no qual foram utilizados dados da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde Bucal, realizada no ano de 2010. A faixa etária avaliada foi de 35 a 44 anos. Após análise bivariada e múltipla, foi verificada a associação entre a falta de dentição funcional e outras variáveis, como a autopercepção da necessidade de tratamento, as condições sociodemográficas e os desfechos em saúde. Resultados Dos 9.564 adultos, aproximadamente 20% dos indivíduos não possuíam dentição funcional. A falta de dentição funcional foi menor em adultos que perceberam a necessidade de tratamento odontológico (OR:0,55; IC95%:0,39-0,75). O sexo feminino (OR:1,76; IC95%:1,39-2,22), a idade mais avançada (OR:2,53; IC95%:2,01-3,18) e a menor escolaridade (OR:0,82; IC95%:0,79-0,85) estavam associados à falta de dentição funcional. Conclusão A falta de dentição funcional é maior em adultos que não têm autopercepção da necessidade de tratamento odontológico.

Abstract Introduction The absence of functional dentition compromises people´s quality of life, reflecting on their perceptions, including the self-perceived need for dental treatment in adults. However, this relation is not very clear in literature. Objective To evaluate if the absence of functional dentition is associated to the self-perceived need for dental treatment in adults. Method Analytical cross-sectional study was performed, in which data of the National Oral Health Survey conducted in 2010 was used. The age group evaluated was 35 to 44 years. After bivariate and multivariate analyzes, the association between the absence of functional dentition and other variables as the self-perceived need for dental treatment, sociodemographic conditions and health endpoints was verified. Results From the 9.564 adults, approximately 20% of the individuals did not show functional dentition. The absence of functional dentition was lower in adults who were aware of the self-perceived need for dental treatment (OR:0.55; IC95%:0.39-0.75). The female gender (OR:1.76; IC95%:1.39-2.22), older age (OR:2.53; IC95%:2.01-3.18) and lower schooling (OR:0.82; IC95%:0.79-0.85) were associated with the absence of functional dentition. Conclusion The absence of functional dentition is greater in adults who do not have self-perceived need for dental treatment.

Uso de diamino fluoreto de prata em crianças atendidas em uma unidade básica de saúde do norte do Paraná / Use of diamino silver fluoride in children of a Basic Health Unit located in north of the state of Paraná

O presente estudo avaliou o uso e a aceitação de diamino fluoreto de prata (DFP) em criançasatendidas em uma Unidade Básica de Saúde (UBS) do Norte do Paraná, bem como o cumprimento do protocolomunicipal para aplicação do DFP. Prontuários (n=43) de crianças de0 a5 anos residentes na área de abrangênciada UBS foram analisados. Foram coletadas informações sobre idade da criança, utilização e indicação do DFP,dentes submetidos ao tratamento e quantidade de reaplicações. Observou-se que o DFP foi aplicado em 79% das crianças devido à Cárie Precoce na Infância (CPI), 60% dos dentes que receberam a aplicação do DFP eram posteriores e 86% dos responsáveis aceitaram utilizar o DFP. Portanto, conclui-se que o DFP tem sido utilizado no serviço público do Paraná e que o procedimento é aceito pela maioria dos responsáveis das crianças, mas o cumprimento do protocolo municipal para aplicação do DFP ainda merece atenção. (AU)

This study evaluated the use and acceptance of silver diamine fluoride (SDF) in children treated in a Basic Health Unit (UBS) in the North of the state of Paraná, as well as the compliance with the municipal protocol for SDF application. Medical records (n=43) of children aged from 0 to 5 years old residing in the area covered by the UBS were analyzed. Information about child's age, use and indication of SDF, teeth treated, and number of SDF reaplications were collected. It was observed that SDF was used in 79% of children due to Early Childhood Caries (ECC), 60% of the teeth treated were posterior teeth, and 86% of the children's tutors accepted SDF use. Therefore, SDF has been used in Paraná's public health service, the treatment was well accepted by most children's tutors, but the compliance with the municipal protocol for SDF treatment still needs attention. (AU)

Socioeconomic, nutritional and behavioral factors associated with severe childhood caries in children aged 18-36 months

Objective:To relate the occurrence of severe childhood caries with nutritional, socioeconomic and behavioral factors among preschool children. Material and Methods:This cross-sectional study included 111 children aged 18-36 months who sought dental care in basic health units of São Luis, Brazil. The oral health status was measured by the DMFT index (number of decayed, missing and filled teeth), IPV/ISG. Socioeconomic, nutritional and behavioral data were collected through a questionnaire applied to parents. Caries Group was defined as DMFT ≥ 1. Data were analyzed using the Chi-square test and Fisher exact test. Poisson regression models and incidence rate ratio (IRR)were used for multivariate analysis, adopting significance level of 5% and confidence interval (CI) of 95%. Results:It was observed that 61 children (55%) were free from caries and 50 (45%) had the disease. In the Caries Group, 38 (76%) had white spot lesions, 70% had the habit of consuming sweets between meals (p=0.04) and the sucrose intake frequency was considered high (3x daily). After multivariate analysis, age (IRR=1.05, 95%CI=1.03 to 1.07, p <0.001) and consumption of sweets (IRR=1.46, 95%CI=1.11 to 1.92 p=0.006) were associated with increased incidence of caries. Conclusion:The findings of this study suggest that frequent exposure to sugars in the form of sweets between meals, lack of guidance of mothers on oral hygiene and increased age were determining factors for the occurrence of severe childhood caries