A novel bio-inspired conductive, biocompatible, and adhesive terpolymer based on polyaniline, polydopamine, and polylactide as scaffolding biomaterial for tissue engineering application.

A novel electrically conductive nanofibrous scaffold based on polyaniline-co-(polydopamine-grafted-poly(d,l-lactide)) [PANI-co-(PDA-g-PLA)] was fabricated using electrospinning technique and its physicochemical as well as biological characteristics toward bone tissue engineering (TE) were investigated extensively. In detail, PANI-co-PDA was synthesized via a one-step chemical oxidization approach. Then, d,l-lactaide monomer was grafted onto PDA segment using a ring opening polymerization (ROP) to afford PANI-co-(PDA-g-PLA) terpolymer. The successful synthesis of PANI-co-(PDA-g-PLA) terpolymer was confirmed using FTIR spectroscopy as well as TGA analysis. Finally, a solution of the synthesized terpolymer was electrospun to fabricate a conductive nanofibrous scaffold. Some physicochemical features such as mechanical, conductivity, electroactivity, hydrophobicity, and morphology as well as biological characteristics including biocompatibility, biodegradability, as well as enhancing the cells adhesion and proliferation were investigated. According to the above-mentioned experimental results, the fabricated electrospun nanofibers can be considered as a potential scaffold for TE application, mainly due to its proper physicochemical and biological properties.

Sophisticated polycaprolactone/gelatin nanofibrous nerve guided conduit containing platelet-rich plasma and citicoline for peripheral nerve regeneration: In vitro and in vivo study.

Peripheral nerve injury (PNI) is a devastating condition that may result in loss of sensory function, motor function, or both. In the present study, we construct an electrospun nerve guide conduit (NGC) based on polycaprolactone (PCL) and gelatin filled with citicoline bearing platelet-rich plasma (PRP) gel as a treatment for PNI. The NGCs fabricated from PCL/Gel polymeric blend using the electrospinning technique. The characterizations demonstrated that the fabricated nanofibers were straight with the diameter of 708 ±â€¯476 nm, the water contact angle of 78.30 ±â€¯2.52°, the weight loss of 41.60 ±â€¯6.94% during 60 days, the tensile strength of 5.31 ±â€¯0.97 MPa, and the young's modulus of 3.47 ±â€¯0.10 GPa. The in vitro studies revealed that the PCL/Gel/PRP/Citi NGC was biocompatible and hemocompatible. The in vivo studies conducted on sciatic nerve injury in rats showed that the implantation of PCL/Gel/PRP/Citi NGC induced regeneration of nerve tissue, demonstrated with histopathological assessments. Moreover, the sciatic function index (SFI) value of -30.3 ±â€¯3.5 and hot plate latency time of 6.10 ±â€¯1.10 s revealed that the PCL/Gel/PRP/Citi NGCs recovered motor and sensory functions. Our findings implied that the fabricated NGC exhibited promising physicochemical and biological activates favorable for PNI treatment.

Cell attachment evaluation of the immobilized bioactive peptide on a nanographene oxide composite.

The immobilization of bioactive peptides as key molecules in numerous biological and physiological functions holds promise for designing advanced biomaterials. Graphene and its derivatives, having unique physicochemical properties, have brought considerable attention in the life sciences. In this regard, the chemical manipulation of the graphene surface with bioactive peptides opens a new horizon to design bioactive materials for a variety of future nanobiotechnologies. In this study, the first straightforward strategy for the covalent immobilization of the cell-adhesion peptide onto the graphene surface based on the Ugi four-component assembly process (Ugi 4-CAP) will be presented. The modified adhesion motif peptide, as an amine component in the presence of formaldehyde, cyclohexylisocyanide and carboxylated-graphene (G-COOH), was adopted in a four component reaction to fabricate a peptide-graphene (Peptide-G) biomaterial in water as a green solvent at an ambient temperature. The amino functional groups corresponded to the modified adhesion motif peptide and were immobilized onto the graphene sheets, which were quantified by the Kaiser test. The sheets were characterized by further analyses with FT-IR, AFM, UV-vis, Raman and thermogravimetric analyses. The Peptide-G biomaterial showed excellent biocompatibility. In addition, the Peptide-G treated surface, due to the presence of RGD on the surface of the graphene, significantly accelerated the proliferation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) at a better rate regarding the tissue plate.