[Epidemiological, clinical and forensic physical violence against women in Tambacounda (Senegal)]. / Aspects épidémiologiques, cliniques et judiciaires des violences physiques faites aux femmes dans la région de Tambacounda (Sénégal).

INTRODUCTION: To contribute to the fight against physical violence against women, this work aimed to make a 10-year review of cases treated at the Regional Court of Tambacounda. METHODOLOGY: This observational, retrospective, descriptive and analytical study was conducted from 15 October 2014 to 15 April 2015. It covered all the court records of victims of intentional injury from 2006 to 2015. The data was entered and analyzed using Epi info 3.3.2 software. RESULTS: In all, 113 cases were treated. The mean age was 26.5±10.08 years for victims versus 32.5±13.8 years for the aggressors. The victims were all female, and 77.9% of offenders were male. The assaults took place mostly during the day (57.5%), and especially in the homes of victims (61.0%), in the street (16.8%) in the bush (12.4%). The consultation period was less than 24hours for 54.9% of the victims. Clinical examination differentiated: fractures (15%); contusions (13.5%); penetrating wounds (10.6%); bruises (9.7%); eye injuries (7.9%); broken teeth (7.9%); diffuse pains (7.1%), 6.2% polytrauma (6.2%), and 5.3% of trauma on pregnancies. Among the violence, 33.6% were domestic; 11.5% were associated with rape (7.1%); psychological violence (3.6%); rape and death threat (1.8%). Rape was statistically more common among child victims [OR=10.7 (3.2-35.5)] and/or educated victims [OR=5.8 (1.7-19.9)] and aggression in the bush [OR=7.5 (2.2 to 14.2)]. The attackers were lonely and imprisoned in 94.7% and 73.5% of cases respectively. The sentence was firm imprisonment for 89.2% of cases. CONCLUSION: In Tambacounda, health and judicial authorities should enhance public awareness concerning the risk of violence. The extension of this type of study to the national level would have enabled better orientation of control strategies against this scourge.

Prevalence of necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis and associated factors in Koranic boarding schools in Senegal.

BACKGROUND: Necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis is the most common clinical syndrome preceding noma. It is found in developing countries and in malnourished children and especially in deprived groups such as children at Koranic boarding schools. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis and factors associated with its occurrence in a boarding school population. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study of children in Koranic boarding schools in the city of Touba, Senegal. A multistage sampling strategy was used and 8 out of 17 schools were selected. The variables collected were gender, age, oral hygiene habits, duration of residence, presence of ulcerative gingivitis and plaque, and gingival bleeding index. A logistic regression analysis with R software using the manual procedure down was used to identify factors associated with the dependent variables. RESULTS: There were 501 participants and boys made up 92% of the study group. The mean age was 9.3 (sd 4.0) years. The mean of duration residence was 3.4 (sd 1.5) years. The prevalence of necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis was 37% and 81% of children did not use a toothbrush or a chewing-stick. The length of residence, school size, hygiene habits and plaque and bleeding indices were significantly associated with necrotizing gingivitis after adjustment for other variables. CONCLUSION: It is necessary to develop oral hygiene programs, to establish policies to manage the oral health of children and to improve health and nutrition at Koranic boarding-schools.