Pioneering Iodine-125-Labeled Nanoscale Covalent Organic Frameworks for Brachytherapy.

Brachytherapy has been clinically used for the treatment of malignant solid tumors. However, the classic therapeutic radioactive 125I seed must be surgically implanted directly into tumors. To avoid the surgery and prevent irrational radioactive distribution, radioiodine-loaded nanomaterials are ever-developing for brachytherapy. Hence, it is still a notable challenge to obtain an advanced material that simultaneously incorporates features of high radiolabeling rate, short labeling time, good radiolabeling stability, and long tumor retention time. Covalent organic frameworks (COFs), which are crystalline polymers with ordered pores, are widely applied in guest delivery of drugs based on their high porosity and modifiable skeleton. Herein, we developed a functionalized nanoscale PEG-COF-Ag material, which could rapidly capture radioiodine reaching a 94% radiolabeling yield in 30 s. In addition, more than 95% 125I was maintained after 24 h in PBS (phosphate-buffered saline) as well as in serum and over 90% for nearly 1 week. PEG-COF-Ag-125I (125I-COF) demonstrated excellent cancer cell killing performance in vitro, and further experiments in vivo revealed a long tumor retention time and effective tumor treatment during the radiotherapy. The results indicate that radioiodine-labeled PEG-COF-Ag could be potentially applied in brachytherapy with a promising therapeutic effect.

Biological evaluation of the modified nano-amorphous phosphate calcium doped with citrate/poly-amino acid composite as a potential candidate for bone repair and reconstruction.

Large numbers of research works related to fabricating organic-inorganic composite materials have been carried out to mimic the natural structure of bone. In this study, a new modified n-ACP doped with citrate (n-ACP-cit)/poly (amino acids) (PAA) composite (n-ACP-cit/PAA) was synthesized by employing high bioactive n-ACP-cit and the biodegradable and biocompatible PAA copolymer. Its basic structure was characterized by X-ray diffraction spectroscopy, Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Moreover, the degradability, bioactivity, biocompatibility, and osteoconductivity of n-ACP-cit/PAA composite were evaluated in vitro and in vivo, using simulated body fluid (SBF) solution soaking test, mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells proliferation and differentiation, morphological observation test, expression of genes associated with osteogenesis, and bone defect model repair test, respectively. The modified n-ACP-cit/PAA composite exhibited a much higher weight loss rate (36.01 wt.%) than that of PAA (23.99 wt.%) after immersing in SBF solution for 16 weeks and the pH values of local environment restored to neutral condition. Moreover, cells co-culturing with composites exhibited higher alkaline phosphatase activity, more calcium nodule-formation, and higher expression levels of osteogenic differentiation-related genes (Bmp-2, Colla I, OCN, OPN, and Runx-2) than that of PAA. Furthermore, the bone defect model repair test revealed that the composite could be intimately incorporated with the surrounding bone without causing any deleterious reaction and capable of guiding new bone formation. Together, these results indicated that the new modified bone repair n-ACP-cit/PAA composite material with specific characteristics may be designed for meeting diverse requirements from biomedical applications.

Development of poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate) nanogel for effective oral insulin delivery.

Because of uncomfortable, painful and even deleterious effects of daily injection of insulin, extensive efforts are being made worldwide for developing noninvasive drug delivery systems, especially via the oral route. In this study, we synthesized hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) nanogel via emulsion polymerization method. The morphology and stability of the nanogel were characterized by scanning electronic microscope and dynamic light scattering. In vivo results showed the soft HEMA nanogel had longer half-live in the body circulation and exhibited almost negligible uptake by the macrophage cells as compared with blank cells. For the FITC-dextran tracking for intestinal penetration, the results indicated that the FITC-dextran in the soft nanogel penetrated faster from the inner side of the abdominal segment, which explained why the soft HEMA nanogel could promote intestinal absorption of encapsulated insulin. In vivo delivery of insulin encapsulated in the soft HEMA nanogel sustained blood glucose control for 12 h, and the overall bioavailability of administrated insulin was much higher than free insulin. Our results showed that the insulin-loaded HEMA nanogel was able to efficiently control blood glucose as a delivery system, suggesting the HEMA nanogel using emulsion polymerization could be an alternative carrier for oral insulin delivery.

A Contained Ruptured Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Presenting with Vertebral Erosion.

Chronic contained rupture (CCR) of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) with vertebral erosion is a rare condition. Although it has been reported previously, it is still liable to be misdiagnosed. We present a case of CCR of AAA with vertebral erosion. A brief analysis of similar cases reported in the last 5 years is presented. A 71-year-old male was admitted to our hospital because of severe prickling pain in his left thigh. Computerized tomography angiography revealed an AAA which had caused erosion of L3 vertebral body and the left psoas muscle. An aortotomy was performed, and the excised aortic aneurysm replaced with a Dacron graft. Postoperative computed tomography (CT) angiography indicated a normal aortic graft. The patient was discharged 13 days after the surgery. In conclusion, pain in lower back and leg could be associated with vertebral erosion caused by CCR of AAA. Ultrasonography, CT, or magnetic resonance imaging of abdomen should be routinely performed in cases of lumbago that have associated risk factors for AAA.

Sustained viral response and treatment-induced cytopenia correlate with SLCs and KLF12 genotypes in interferon/ribavirin-treated Chinese chronic hepatitis C patients.

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Genetic variations in solute carrier (SLC) genes are associated with liver diseases, and Kruppel-like factor 12 (KLF12) affects the b chain of hemoglobin. We investigated possible correlations of SLC and KLF12 polymorphisms with viral clearance (spontaneous and treatment-induced) and adverse effects in Chinese chronic hepatitis C (CHC) patients. METHODS: We genotyped the single nucleotide polymorphisms in 525 CHC patients, 137 patients with spontaneous clearance, and 207 healthy controls. Three hundred fifty-seven CHC patients received recombinant interferon-alpha2b/ribavirin (IFN-α2b/RBV) treatment, and 175 patients were chosen for analysis of drug-induced cytopenia. All raw P-values were corrected by the Bonferroni method. RESULTS: A higher rate of sustained viral response was detected in patients with SLC4A11 rs3810560 CC variant versus TT/TC variant (76.9% vs 59.2%; OR, 2.42; 95% CI, 1.06-5.56, P = 0.037 after adjustment), but there was no significant difference among different hepatitis C virus genotypes. RBV-induced anemia was independently correlated with SLC29A1 rs760370 AA genotype (OR, 2.90; 95% CI, 1.29-6.54, P = 0.010), and the severity of IFN-induced thrombocytopenia was related to GG genotype (OR, 4.98; 95% CI, 1.27-19.61; P = 0.021); the detected effects held true for HCV-2a patients but weakened in HCV-1b patients. A reactive increase in platelet count was closely associated with KLF12 rs9543524 TT variant. CONCLUSION: SLC4A11 rs3810560 polymorphism independently affected the sustained viral response rates in CHC patients, whereas SLC29A1 rs760370 and KLF12 rs9543524 single nucleotide polymorphisms correlated with treatment-induced adverse events. Clearly, the predictive power varied with HCV genotypes and the reason for genotype-dependent discrepancy was not fully understood.

Use of parenteral caffeinum natrio-benzoicum: an underestimated risk factor for HCV transmission in China.

BACKGROUND: Fuyu city in China has a high prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection resulting in a high morbidity and mortality from chronic liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma. This study was conducted to identify the risk factors for HCV infection in Fuyu city. METHODS: Recruitment of study subjects involved a cross-sectional survey using non-random, convenience sampling. Information on demographic variables, risk factors for HCV infection, clinical manifestations, behavioral practices and family history was collected by administering a questionnaire. Anti-HCV antibody was detected using Abbott ARCHITECT i2000SR. HCV infection was confirmed by HCV-RNA testing by the Roche Taqman HCV test. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify the factors associated with HCV infection. RESULTS: Out of 3,228 persons that participated in the survey, 3,219 were enrolled in the study. The prevalence of HCV infection was 42.1 % (1355/3219). Among 734 patients with chronic HCV infection whose HCV-RNA genotyping was performed, genotype 1b was the most common (58.0 %), followed by genotype 2a (40.2 %), while co-infection with genotypes 1b and 2a was detected in 1.8 % of the subjects. On univariate analysis, male gender, older age, parenteral caffeinum natrio-benzoicum and share syringes (PCNBSS), and nine other factors were significantly associated with HCV infection. After adjusting for potential confounders, male gender, old age, cigarette smoking, lower education level, history of blood transfusion, blood donation, prior dental surgery, and PCNBSS were found to be independently associated with HCV infection. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of HCV infection is likely to be high among residents in Fuyu and we observed that genotypes 1b and 2a dominated in the city. Our findings support the hypothesis that PCNBSS which became endemic in Fuyu city during 1970s-1980s is strongly associated with HCV positivity.

Robust hybrid raspberry-like hollow particles with complex structures: a facile method of swelling polymerization towards composite spheres.

A novel robust hybrid raspberry-like TiO2/PS hollow particles with complex double-shelled structures have been fabricated in large quantities by a facile swelling polymerization approach based on commercially available hollow polystyrene (PS) spheres. The crosslinked-PS protrusions are wedged firmly into the TiO2 shell, making the resultant particles both chemically and mechanically robust. By simply tuning the monomer concentration, the hierarchical morphology (the size and number of protrusion) of the surfaces can be well-controlled. Due to the dual-sized hierarchical morphology, the particulate coating possesses superhydrophobicity (water contact angle ≈ 161°). Moreover, the well-compartmentalized character is similar to that of typical Janus particles. The special particles with interfacial activity can stabilize water-in-toluene (w/o) emulsions well. Meanwhile, a TiO2 double-shelled hollow sphere with a complex structure is achieved by calcination or solvent treatment. All these unique features derived from a readily available method will endow the products with a broader range of applications.

Dencichine/palygorskite nanocomposite incorporated chitosan/polyvinylpyrrolidone film for accelerating wound hemostasis.

The development of efficient, safe, environmentally friendly, and user-friendly hemostatic dressings remains a great challenge for researchers. A variety of clay minerals and plant extracts have garnered considerable attention due to their outstanding hemostatic efficacy and favorable biosafety. In this study, a facile solution casting strategy was employed to prepare nanocomposite films by incorporating natural nanorod-like palygorskite (Pal) and herb-derived hemostat dencichine (DC) based on chitosan and polyvinylpyrrolidone. The dynamic blood clotting index demonstrated that the nanocomposite film with a DC addition of 1.0 wt% exhibited significantly superior hemostatic properties compared to both pure DC powder or commercial hemostatic agent Yunnan Baiyao. This improvement was primarily attributed to proper blood affinity, increased porosity, enhanced adhesion of platelets and erythrocytes, as well as the accelerated activation of coagulation factors and platelets. Under the synergistic effect of Pal and DC, the nanocomposite film displayed suitable tensile strength (20.58 MPa) and elongation at break (47.29 %), which may be due to the strong intermolecular hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interaction between Pal/DC and macropolymers. Notably, the nanocomposite film exhibited remarkable antibacterial effectiveness and desirable cytocompatibility, as well as the capability of promoting wound healing in vitro. Taken together, the nanocomposite film synergized with Pal and DC is expected to be an efficacious and suitable wound dressing.

The hemostatic performance and mechanism of palygorskite with structural regulate by oxalic acid gradient leaching.

Palygorskite (Pal) is a naturally available one-dimensional clay mineral, featuring rod-shaped morphology, nanoporous structure, permanent negative charges as well as abundant surface hydroxyl groups, exhibiting promising potential as a natural hemostatic material. In this study, the hemostatic performance and mechanisms of Pal were systematically investigated based on the structural regulate induced by oxalic acid (OA) gradient leaching from perspectives of structure, surface attributes and ion release.In vitroandin vivohemostasis evaluation showed that Pal with OA leaching for 1 h exhibited a superior blood procoagulant effect compared with the raw Pal as well as the others leached for prolonging time. This phenomenon might be ascribed to the synergistic effect of the intact nanorod-like morphology, the increase in the surface negative charge, the release of metal ions (Fe3+and Mg2+), and the improved blood affinity, which promoted the intrinsic coagulation pathway, the fibrinogenesis and the adhesion of blood cells, thereby accelerating the formation of robust blood clots. This work is expected to provide experimental and theoretical basis for the construction of hemostatic biomaterials based on clay minerals.

Microplastic-mediated new mechanism of liver damage: From the perspective of the gut-liver axis.

Microplastics (MPs) are environmental contaminants that are present in all environments and can enter the human body, accumulate in various organs, and cause harm through the ingestion of food, inhalation, and dermal contact. The connection between bowel and liver disease and the interplay between gut, liver, and flora has been conceptualized as the "gut-liver axis". Microplastics can alter the structure of microbial communities in the gut and the liver can also be a target for microplastic invasion. Numerous studies have found that when MPs impair human health, they not only promote dysbiosis of the gut microbiota and disruption of the gut barrier but also cause liver damage. For this reason, the gut-liver axis provides a new perspective in understanding this toxic response. The cross-talk between MPs and the gut-liver axis has attracted the attention of the scientific community, but knowledge about whether MPs cause gut-liver interactions through the gut-liver axis is still very limited, and the effect of MPs on liver injury is not well understood. MPs can directly induce microbiota disorders and gut barrier dysfunction. As a result, harmful bacteria and metabolites in the gut enter the blood through the weak intestinal barrier (portal vein channel along the gut-liver axis) and reach the liver, causing liver damage (inflammatory damage, metabolic disorders, oxidative stress, etc.). This review provides an integrated perspective of the gut-liver axis to help conceptualize the mechanisms by which MP exposure induces gut microbiota dysbiosis and hepatic injury and highlights the connection between MPs and the gut-liver axis. Therefore, from the perspective of the gut-liver axis, targeting intestinal flora is an important way to eliminate microplastic liver damage.

Anisotropic nanoparticles with controllable morphologies from non-cross-linked seeded emulsion polymerization.

A simple and elegant approach to fabricate anisotropic P(VC-co-AAEM)/PS nanoparticles with controllable morphologies via emulsifier-free seeded emulsion polymerization is presented. Non-cross-linked P(VC-co-AAEM) seeds with hydrophilic surface are first synthesized through copolymerization of vinyl chloride (VC) and acetoacetoxyethyl methacrylate (AAEM), which are used to prepare P(VC-co-AAEM)/PS NPs with multiple bulges by SEP of styrene. Electron microscopy observation indicates that the content of AAEM in seeds is crucial to control the phase separation and morphology of the composite NPs. Moreover, the thermodynamic immiscibility between PVC and PS is the driving force for the formation of PS bulges onto the P(VC-co-AAEM) seeds. The resultant anisotropic NPs with non-cross-linked feature may promisingly serve as compatibilizers for further polymer processing.

Adsorption equilibria and kinetics for the adsorption of p-nitrophenol on a phenoxy groups modified hypercrosslinked polystyrene resin.

Adsorption equilibria and kinetics of p-nitrophenol adsorbed on HJ-01 were investigated in this study. The result indicated that phenoxy groups were uploaded on the skeleton of HJ-01 successfully, the Friedel-Crafts reaction brought on prodigious changes for the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) specific surface area and pore structure while the nucleophilic substitution reaction had few effects. The adsorption experiments revealed that the acidic solution was suitable for p-nitrophenol adsorption, the adsorption isotherms could be characterized by the Freundlich isotherm equation and the adsorption thermodynamic parameters were all negative, the adsorption kinetic curves obeyed the pseudo-second-order rate equation.

Incorporation of clay minerals into magnesium phosphate bone cement for enhancing mechanical strength and bioactivity.

The poor mechanical strength and bioactivity of magnesium phosphate bone cements (MPCs) are the vital defects for bone reconstruction. Clay minerals have been widely used in biomedical field due to the good reinforcing property and cytocompatibility. Here, laponite, sepiolite or halloysite were incorporated to fabricate MPCs composite, and the composition, microstructure, setting time, compressive strength, thermal stability, degradation performance,in vitrobioactivity and cell viability of MPCs composite were investigated. The results suggested that the MPCs composite possessed appropriate setting time, high mechanical strength and good thermal stability. By contrast, MPCs composite containing 3.0 wt.% of sepiolite presented the highest compressive strength (33.45 ± 2.87 MPa) and the best thermal stability. The degradation ratio of MPCs composite was slightly slower than that of MPCs, and varied in simulated body fluid and phosphate buffer solution. Therefore, the obtained MPCs composite with excellent bioactivity and cell viability was expected to meet the clinical requirements for filling bone defect.

Progress and future prospects of hemostatic materials based on nanostructured clay minerals.

The occurrence of uncontrolled hemorrhage is a significant threat to human life and health. Although hemostatic materials have made remarkable advances in the biomaterials field, it remains a challenge to develop safe and effective hemostatic materials for global medical use. Natural clay minerals (CMs) have long been used as traditional inorganic hemostatic agents due to their good hemostatic capability, biocompatibility and easy availability. With the advancement of science, technology and ideology, CM-based hemostatic materials have undergone continuous innovations by integrating new inspirations with conventional concepts. This review systematically summarizes the hemostatic mechanisms of different natural CMs based on their nanostructures. Moreover, it also comprehensively reviews the latest research progress for CM-based hemostatic hybrid and nanocomposite materials, and discusses the challenges and developments in this field.

Incorporation of mixed-dimensional palygorskite clay into chitosan/polyvinylpyrrolidone nanocomposite films for enhancing hemostatic activity.

Clay mineral-based hemostatic materials have attracted much attention in recent years, but it is scarce to report the hemostatic nanocomposite films containing natural mixed-dimensional clay composed of natural one-dimensional and two-dimensional clay minerals. In this study, the high-performance hemostatic nanocomposite films were facilely prepared by incorporating the natural mixed-dimensional palygorskite clay leached by oxalic acid (O-MDPal) into chitosan/polyvinylpyrrolidone (CS/PVP) matrix. By contrast, the obtained nanocomposite films exhibited the higher tensile strength (27.92 MPa), lower water contact angel (75.40°), better degradation, thermal stability and biocompatibility after incorporation of 20 wt% of O-MDPal, suggesting that O-MDPal contributed to enhancing the mechanical performance and water holding capacity of the CS/PVP nanocomposite films. Compared with the medical gauze and CS/PVP matrix groups, the nanocomposite films also indicated excellent hemostatic performance evaluated by blood loss and hemostasis time indexes based on the mouse tail amputation model, which might be ascribed to the enriched hemostatic functional sites, and hydrophilic surface, robust physical barrier role of nanocomposite films. Therefore, the nanocomposite film exhibited a promising practical application in wound healing.

Erythropoietin-coated ZP-microneedle transdermal system: preclinical formulation, stability, and delivery.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the feasibility of coating formulated recombinant human erythropoietin alfa (EPO) on a titanium microneedle transdermal delivery system, ZP-EPO, and assess preclinical patch delivery performance. METHODS: Formulation rheology and surface activity were assessed by viscometry and contact angle measurement. EPO liquid formulation was coated onto titanium microneedles by dip-coating and drying. Stability of coated EPO was assessed by SEC-HPLC, CZE and potency assay. Preclinical in vivo delivery and pharmacokinetic studies were conducted in rats with EPO-coated microneedle patches and compared to subcutaneous EPO injection. RESULTS: Studies demonstrated successful EPO formulation development and coating on microneedle arrays. ZP-EPO patch was stable at 25°C for at least 3 months with no significant change in % aggregates, isoforms, or potency. Preclinical studies in rats showed the ZP-EPO microneedle patches, coated with 750 IU to 22,000 IU, delivered with high efficiency (75-90%) with a linear dose response. PK profile was similar to subcutaneous injection of commercial EPO. CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest transdermal microneedle patch delivery of EPO is feasible and may offer an efficient, dose-adjustable, patient-friendly alternative to current intravenous or subcutaneous routes of administration.

Microbial electrochemical driven anaerobic ammonium oxidation coupling to denitrification in a single-chamber stainless steel reactor for simultaneous nitrogen and carbon removal.

Anodic ammonium oxidation mainly focuses on autotrophic process, and the removal combined with organic matter oxidation is still unclear in microbial electrolysis cell (MEC). Here, a stainless-steel tank is constructed as an MEC for anaerobic ammonium oxidation and organic matter removal. Results show that MEC increases ammonium oxidation from 3.83 ± 2.51% to 32.90 ± 3.39%, and the organic matter removal rises from 75.69 ± 0.59% to 92.12 ± 0.57%, and the energy consumption is only 0.80 ± 0.09 kWh kg-1N, indicating an energy-efficient approach for simultaneous ammonium and carbon removal. Cyclic voltammetry reveals two pairs of oxidative peaks (-0.4 V and + 0.6 V) which demonstrate the electrochemical activity of biofilms for organic matter and ammonium oxidation, respectively. 16S rRNA gene analysis clarifies the anodic biofilm mainly enriched by the genus of Azoarcus, Hydrogenophaga and Paracoccus. Further analysis indicates that anodic potential controls the community succession of heterotrophic and hydrogenotrophic denitrifying bacteria, and then regulates the nitrogen and carbon removal processes, which extend the insights of anodic anaerobic ammonium oxidation coupling to denitrification under organic conditions.

A selective fluorescence turn-on sensing coordination polymer for antibiotic aztreonam.

Reports about the detection of antibiotic aztreonam (ATM) are very rare. Herein, a fluorescent "turn-on" sensing coordination polymer 1 for ATM is described. The good linear relationship between the luminescence intensity and ATM concentration (0-0.135 mM) gave the slope of 20 380 M-1 and detection limit of 4.44 × 10-7 M. This work is of great significance, not only because 1 is a sensing material for ATM with excellent selectivity, sensitivity, anti-interference ability and recoverability, but also because it expands the catalogue of antibiotics detection.

Preparation of 3D Printing PLGA Scaffold with BMP-9 and P-15 Peptide Hydrogel and Its Application in the Treatment of Bone Defects in Rabbits.

Objective: To prepare a three-dimensional (3D) printing polylactic acid glycolic acid (PLGA) scaffold with bone morphogenetic protein-9 (BMP-9) and P-15 peptide hydrogel and evaluate its application in treating bone defects in rabbits. Methods: 3D printing PLGA scaffolds were formed and scanned by electron microscopy. Their X-ray diffraction (XRD), in vitro degradation, and compressive strength were characterized. BMP-9 and P-15 hydrogels were prepared. Flow cytometry was used to detect apoptosis, and an electron microscope was used to evaluate cell adhesion to scaffolds. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), type 1 collagen (Col-I), osteocalcin (OCN), runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), and osterix (SP7) were detected by western blotting. MicroCT was used to detect new bone formation, and bone tissue-related protein expressions were determined in the rabbit model with bone defects. Results: The 3D printing scaffolds were cylindrical, and the inner diameter of the scaffolds was about 1 mm. The bread peak with wide distribution showed that the 3D printing only involved a physical change, which did not change the properties of the materials. The degradation rate of scaffolds was 9.38%, which met the requirements of properties of biological scaffolds. The water absorption of the support was about 9.09%, and the compressive strength was 15.83 N/mm2. In the coculture of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) with scaffolds, the 2% polypeptide hydrogel showed the most obvious activity in promoting the differentiation of BMSCs. Flow cytometry showed that the 0% and 2% groups did not cause obvious apoptosis compared with the control group. Scaffolds with 2% and 4% polypeptide promoted the expression of ALP, COL-1, OCN, RUNX2, and Sp7 in BMSCs. In vivo experiments showed that the expression of ALP, COL-1, OCN, RUNX2, and Sp7 protein in the 2% polypeptide scaffold group increased significantly compared with the model group. MicroCT detection demonstrated that the 2% polypeptide scaffold had good bone repair ability. Conclusion: The PLGA scaffolds combined with BMP-9 and P-15 peptide hydrogels had good biological and mechanical properties and could repair bone defects in rabbits.

Enhancing emulsion stability and performance using dual-fibrous complexes: Whey protein fibrils and cellulose nanocrystals.

Edible proteins can self-assemble into fibrils, which can improve their performance as emulsifiers. However, they are limited in some food applications. We prepared whey protein isolate fibril-cellulose nanocrystal complexes (WPIF-CNC) by electrostatic complexation. The stabilities of emulsions prepared using either WPIF or WPIF-CNC were compared to evaluate the effect of complexation on emulsion formation and properties. Moreover, the potential of the emulsions to act as delivery systems for curcumin was investigated. WPIF and CNC were found to complex by hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic, and electrostatic interactions. The complexes formed were good Pickering stabilizers in oil-in-water emulsions. Emulsions formulated using the complexes were more resistant to creaming than those stabilized by WPIF. The complexes were able to form self-supporting gelled emulsions at 70 % oil concentration, which protected curcumin from photo- and thermal-degradation. Consequently, dual-fibrous complexes may have application in the food industry as novel emulsifiers for the creation of nutraceutical delivery systems.